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1、1（一）定义:英语中有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语，表达一个概念，这种形式的组合，我们称为短语动词（二）构成:1.“动词+副词”，如果后面接代词作宾语时，只能放在动词和副词之间；如果接名词，可以放在动词和副词之间，也可以放在它们的后面。（1）副词为up put up 举起look up 抬起头/查阅hold up 举起/延误keep up 坚持add up 加起来take up 拿起，从事figure up 计算fix up 修理,整理build up 树立set up 建立drink up 喝干eat up 吃光burn up 烧光use up 用光sum up 总结break up 结束
2、，拆开cut up 切碎blow up 炸毁tear up 撕碎give up 放弃pick up 捡起/搭便车/接人/接收turn up 调大/出现speak up 大声说speed up 加速show up 出现cheer up 振作起来bring up 抚育check up 核对clear up 清理;转晴do up 整理make up 化妆,和解,弥补shut up 关闭(2)副词为 down hand down 传下来knock down 撞倒lay down 放下let down 放下/辜负/让失望pour down 倾盆而下set down 放下turn down 关小,拒绝ta
3、ke down 取下blow down 吹倒bring down 打垮;降低lie down 躺下die down 变弱,逐渐停止go down 平静下来slow down 慢下来burn down 烧掉lose down 关闭break down 坏掉settle down 平静下来put down 镇压write down 写下take down 记下/拆卸 put down 记下get down 下来/使沮丧 fall down 跌倒/落(3)副词为 on carry on 继续hold on 抓住/不挂断keep on 继续walk on 继续走go on 继续insist on 坚持
4、turn on 打开put on 穿上/上演try on 试穿take on 呈现rely on 依靠depend on 依靠;随而定pass on 传递get on 上车hand on 传送work on 从事call on 拜访live on 以 为生feed on 以 为食(4)副词为 off blow off 吹掉drive off 击退get off 下车,动身set off 动身see off 送行take off 起飞,脱give off 发出carry off 走cut off 切断tear off 扯掉come off 脱落fall off 脱落/落下turn off 关掉s
5、hut off 关掉go off 走开，爆炸break off 中断pay off 付清(5)副词为 in break in 闯入;插嘴drop in 偶然拜访step in 走进cut in 插嘴名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 4 页 -2 draw in(火车)进站check in 签到count in 记入fill in 填入hand in 交上take in 吸收(6)副词为 out keep out 使在外take out 拿出put out 放出,伸出,扑灭look out 向外看/注意move out 搬出point out 指出pour out 诉
6、说pull out 拉出stick out 伸出spit out 吐出drive out 驾车外出see out 送出门去let out 放出,释放clear out 清除run out 用完use out 耗尽give out 耗尽wipe out 消灭die out 灭绝blow out 吹熄carry out 完成,执行 leave out 省去come out 出版开花,长出sell out 卖完wear out 磨损shout out 喊,申斥speak out 说出read out 读出give out 分发spread out 传开set out 出发hand out 分发sen
7、d out 发送break out 爆发,逃脱find out 找出figure out 算出,解决make out 弄清bring out 出版,说出,拿出work out 算出,解决(7)副词为 over knock over 撞倒turn over 翻转look over 从上面看,调查think over 仔细考虑see over 查看talk over 商量go over 复习hand over 移交take over 接管come over 过来win over 争取过来cry over 因哭(8)副词为 away go away 走开run away 跑开walk away 走开
8、ride away 开走move away 移开take away 拿走carry away 运走put away 收起来keep away 不准接近die away 逐渐消失pass away 去世wash away 冲走wipe away 擦掉2.“动词+介词”,其后可以跟名词、代词、动名词等。(1)介词为 at arrive at/in 到达call at 访问laugh at 嘲笑look at 看work at 努力于catch at 当场抓住fire at 向开火shoot at 向射击glare at 怒目而视stare at 注视着knock at 敲击smile at 向微笑
9、pull at 拉扯drop in at 顺便参观某地point at 指向/指着(2)介词为about argue about 争论ask about 询问bring about 引起/带来chat about 闲聊care about 在意complain about 抱怨go about 着手hear about 听说inquire about 打听know about 了解quarrel about 争吵set about 开始talk about 谈论think about 考虑worry about 担心(3)介词为 for search for 搜查go in for 参加ans
10、wer for 为负责ask for 向要,索取call for 要求,需要fight for 为而战,争取leave for 奔赴/前往long for 渴望look for 寻找make for 向去pay for 为 付钱prepare for 为作准备send for 派人去请thanks for 因感谢名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 4 页 -3 wait for 等待work for 为工作(4)介词为 of consist of 由组成convince sb.of sth 使相信cure sb.of 治好hear of 听说know of 了解到be
11、 made of 用做的remind sb.of 提醒rob sb.of sth 抢夺speak of 说到talk of 谈到take care of 照顾think of 考虑,想到warn sb.of 告诫(5)介词为 with agree with 同意某人的意见begin/end with从开始/结束 compare with 与相比deal with 处理,应付do with 处理help sb.with 帮助provide sb.with 向提供share with 与分享talk with 和交谈keep in touch with 保持与 联系end up with 以 而告
12、终come up with追上；想出（主意）；找出（答案）get on/along with与相处go on with 继续keep/catch up with 赶上（超过）make friends with 与交朋友be connected with 与相联系(6)介词为 from benefit from 受益于die from 死于hear from 收到的来信keep/stop/prevent sb.from 阻止learn from 向学习,从了解到separate from 与分离(7)介词为 into break into 闯入turn into 变成change into 变成
13、burst into 爆发divide into 分成translate into 译成knock into 撞到run into 偶然遇到get into 进入、陷入3.“动词+副词+介词”catch up with 追上,赶上come down to 归结起来(为)come up to 达到come up with 想出,提出date back to 追溯到,从开始do away with 废除,消灭,get down to 开始认真处理,对待go in for 参加grow out of 产自,从发展live up to 符合标准,不辜负look down on 看不起(某人)look
14、forward to 期望,盼望look out for 搜寻(某人或某物),试图得到(某物)look up to 抬头看(某人或某物),尊重/敬仰(某人)put up with 忍受,容忍walk away fron 从走开add up to 总计为rule out of声明 不参加 set out for 动身去(某地)4.“动词+名词+介词”attach importance to重视get rid of 除掉,去掉,摆脱lose sight of 忽视,忘记,看不见make fun of 嘲弄,取笑make room for 给让出空地方pay attention to 注意,关心se
15、t fire to 放火烧,点着了take care of 照顾,对付,处理take hold of 握住,控制住,吸引,对有影响力take note of 注意,留意take part in 参加,参与活动do harm to 伤害；对有害5.“be+形容词+介词”be friendly to 对很友好be close to 靠近,接近名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 4 页 -4 be harmful to 对有危害be similar to 与相似be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于be useful to 对有用be filled wi
16、th 被填满be satisfied with 对感到满意be busy with 忙于做be pleased with 对感到高兴be angry with sb.生某人的气be strict with sb.对某人严格be worried about 对感到担心be excited about 对感到兴奋be anxious about 为担忧be far from 距离远be different from与不同be full of/be filled with充满be proud of 对自豪be careful of 当心,小心be afraid of 害怕be short of 短缺be sure of 对有把握,肯定be famous/known for/as因/作为 而著名be ready for 为作准备be good/bad for 对有益/有害be late for 迟到be suitable for 对合适be weak/poor in在方面薄弱be interested in 对感兴趣be angry at/about sth.对感到生气be good at 擅长be mad at sb.生某人的气be surprised at.对感到吃惊名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 4 页 -