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1、精品文档精品文档英语九年级（上）复习资料语法篇一、动名词的构成(一)Verb+-ing as subject(主语)【动名词在句子中可以充当主语的作用】动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动词要用单数例如：?Communicating is not just speaking.交流不仅仅是说话。?Sitting straight means a person is confident.端坐表明一个人是自信的。英语中有一些动词（短语）后面常接动名词作宾语。如：finish,enjoy,mind,keep,suggest,avoid,miss,practise,admit,deny,cant help等。
2、?He denied having stolen my bike.他否认偷了我的自行车。?When we heard the joke,we couldnt help laughing.当我们听到那个笑话时，我们忍不住笑了。常见的“动词介词+动名词”的短语有：prefer.to,be/get used to,look forward to,feel like,give up,keep on,insist on,succeed in等。?He doesnt feel like doing his homework.他不想做家庭作业。?You must give up smoking at onc
3、e.你必须马上戒烟。用于某些惯用法中。(1)be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”?Mother is busy cooking dinner in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房忙着做饭。(2)be worth doing sth“值得做某事”?The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。?(3)Its no use/good doing sth“做 无用/无好处”It s no use asking him for help.向他寻求帮助没有用。（二）Verb+-ing after a preposition【动名词放在介词后面作介词宾语】【练习一】（
4、一）选择最佳答案填空。()1.They insisted on _ another chance to try.A.got B.getting C.being got D.to be got()2.Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us.A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waited()3.My brother keeps _ my favourite book.And I want it back!A.to take B.take C.taking D.took 4.We should often practise _ Engl
5、ish with each other.A.to speak B.spoke C.speak D.speaking 5.What about _ to the concert with us?A.we go B.we going C.going D.to go()6.Only one of these books is worth _.A.to read B.being read C.of reading D.reading()7.She is very busy _ her papers.She is too busy _ shopping.A.to write;to go B.writin
6、g;to go C.writing;going D.to write;for going（二）连词成句。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档1.a,difficult,to,is,learning,computer,use,for,some,people 2.your,in,reading,sun,is eyes,bad,the,for 3.English,often,English,good,a,is,way,to,speaking,study 4.playing,of,are,basketball,they,and,fond,volle
7、yball 5.must,this,used,be,repairing,machine,without,not（三）翻译句子1.天天做早操有利于我们的健康。2.保持教室清洁是我们的职责。3.跑步和爬山通常是年轻人的爱好。4.他们去看电影了而不是看电视。（instead of）5.这件衬衣该洗了。(need)二、adjectives【练习二】1、Adjectives with for+noun/pround+to+verb eg1).It is difficult for me to choose the right hairstyle.-Then look at those photos.Th
8、ey might help you.2).Is it convienient for you to cut my hair now?-No.I m afraid you ll have to wait a few minutes.3).Is it important for me to eat a balanced diet?-If you want your hair to look healthy,it is.2、Adjectives with enough+to+verb Simon:Let me carry those books for you.Debbie:They re heav
9、y.Are you _ them?Simon:Sure.Where do you want them?Debbie:Up on the shelf.Are you _ it?Simon:No problem.I ll stand on this chair.Debbie:Thanks.Now what about some lunch?Simon:Good idea.Let s get a bus to Sammys.Debbie:No.Let s go to a place that s _ to.Idont want to get caught in a traffic jam.And I
10、 want to shop after lunch for a small camera.Simon:How small?Debbie:_ in your pocket.Its for my younger brother.Simon:Is he _ how to use a camera?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档Debbie:Yes,he s 13 and he s already an expert.3、Adjectives with of+noun/pronoun+to+verb I left home without m
11、y underground ticket.It _ my underground ticket.I met Mary,and she lent me￥20.It _ the money.A man stood up and offered me his seat on the train.It _ his seat.I dropped my books,and a boy picked them up for me.It _ for me.I fell when I got off my bicycle.It _ my bicycle.I met simon,and he laughed at
12、 my new hairstyle.It _ my hairstyle.4、Adjectives ending in-ing and ed（一）Mum:How were things at the travel agency today,Simon?Simon:Very _.I had nothing to do all day.No customers.I felt really _.Mum:No customers?That s _.You usually have lots on Saturdays.Simon:I know.Mr Young was very _.He looked u
13、nhappy all day.Mum:What do you plan to do tonight?Go out,I suppose?Simon:No,I think I ll just have a _ evening at home.Mum:Theres an _ film on at the cinema.Simon:No,thanks.I m not _.(二)1.What an _ story!I m _ in it.A.interested;interesting B.interesting;interested C.interested;interested D.interest
14、ing;interesting 2.What _ news it was!-Yes,all of the children were _.A.excited,exciting B.exciting,excited C.exciting,exciting D.excited,excited 三、Object clause（宾语从句）1在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,He said he was good at drawing.(动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down.(动词宾语)Miss Zha
15、ng is angry at what you said.(介词宾语)2 宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1)以 that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句，that 可以省略。eg,The radio says(that)the clouds will lift later on.She told me(that)she would like to go with us.(2)以连接代词which,what,who 等或连接副词how,where,why 等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序eg,Could you tell me whats the matter with u?名师资料总
16、结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档I want to know how soon it will begin.(3)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,I wonder if/whether u have told the new to Li Lei.3宾语从句的时态(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,I want to know what time he got up this morning.You a
17、re telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow?(2)当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。eg,They asked what Jean was doing now.Linda said that the train had left.(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg,Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.Polly said no news is a good news 注意：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用，但有
18、些情况例外。1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用 if eg,We are talking about whether well go on the pinic.2.引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用 whether.eg,Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?3.if 当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg,You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting.【例题解析】1.The
19、teacher asked the students _.A.if they were interested in dinosaurs B.when was Albert Einstein born C.what they will do with the computers D.how many trees they have planted 解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案 B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C 和 D,答案 A 中的 if 意为如果.应选 A 2.Could you tell me _?A.what the matter is with
20、 you B.what was the matter with you C.hats the matter with you D.whats the wrong with you.解析：what 就是从句的主语，whats the matter with you 本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案B;wrong 前不用加the,因此此题选C.3.He asked me _ I could sing the song My Heart will Go On.A.if B.weather C.what D.that 解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词
21、，故删去D；weather 意为天气，根据句意应选 A.4.Our teacher told us that the moon _ round the earth.A.went B.turned C.go D.turns 解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选 D 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档5.It makes no difference _.A.whether will you come tomorrow.B.Whether or not will be pass the exam C.If he will
22、come to the meeting or not D.Whether he will come to the meeting or not 解析：答案A 和 B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if 不能与not 连用。因此此题选D 6.They dont know _ their parents are.A.that B.what C.why D.which 解析：what 表示职业，因此选 B.7.I am sure _ you said is true.A.what B.that C.which D.who 解析：根据句意应用what,做 said 的内容，你所说的话。应选A.8.The ol
23、d man told us _ and _.A.to do what,to do how B.what to do it,how to do it C.what to do,how to do it D.what to do,how to do 解析：疑问词 what 即连接不定式，又做do 的宾语；而在 how 引导的不定式短语中，how 表示方式，do 为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确应选 C【练习三】1.-Do you know when the World Cup _ next week?-Next Friday.When it _,I will ring you.A.begins,be
24、gins B.begins,will begin C.will begin,will begin D.will begin,begins 2.-Today or tomorrow?-What are you talking about?-We are talking about _ to give a talk on WTO.A.how B.where C.when D.what 3.I wonder _.A.where does he live B.where he live C.he lives where D.where he lives 4.-Are you sure you have
25、 to?Its been very late.-I dont know _ I can do it if not now.A.where B.why C.when D.how 5.-Would you please tell me _?-In a small village near Niingbo.A.where was your mother born B.where your mother was born C.when was your mother born D.when your mother was born 6.The photograph will show you _.A.
26、what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 7.-Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us?-I think theyll come if they _ free.A.will come,will be B.will come,are C.come,are D.come,will be 8.-Where does he come fr
27、om?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档-Pardon?-I asked where_.A.did he come fromB.he came from C.he comes from D.does he come from 9.She wondered _.A.how much he cost the computer B.how much he paid for the computer C.how much the computer will cost him D.how much did he spend on the compu
28、ter 10.-Do you know _?-Im not sure.Maybe he is a businessman.A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do 四、Comparative&Superlative of adverbs 1、常用副词比较级与最高级的构成：规则变化:单音节词：比较级:词尾+er;最高级:词尾+est e.g.high higher highest 双音节和多音节词：比较级:词前+more；最高级:词前+most;e.g.slowly more slowly most slowly 2.The
29、 Irregular Form 原级比较级最高级good,well better best bad,ill worse worst many,much more most little less least old older elder olest eldest far farther further farthest furthest 3、常见用法1)副词的同级比较肯定式用：“A as+副词原级+as B;否定式用：A not+as/so+副词原级+as B。含义为：“A 与 B 一样，或：“A 与 B 不一样”Charlie 和 Bruce 跳得一样高。Charlie jumps as
30、highly as Bruce.他没我跑得快。He doesnt run as/so fast as me.2)副词最高级前可加the，也可不加the.e.g.Berry sings(the)best in English of all.Who works(the)hardest in your class?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档当所比较的动作是相同的时候，第二个动词可以省不写，也可以用助动词do 来代替。e.g.Ben got up earlier than I(did)this morning.Lucy runs more
31、 slowly than Debbie(does).Peter did it more successfully than I(did).3)比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越”e.g.I am becoming fatter and fatter.The more you ask,the more knowledge you will get.4)the more.,the more.”句型常表示“越 越”是一个复合句,其中前面的句子是状语句,后面句子是主句。the 用在形容词或副词的较前,more 代表形容词或副词的比较级。The more he gets,the more he want
32、s.他越来越贪。The more she learns,the more she wants to learn.她越学越想学。“the more.,the more.”句型,主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。The higher the ground is,the thinner the air becomes.离地面越高,空气就越稀薄。The harder he worked,the more he got.他工作越努力,得到的就越多。若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要一般现在时表示将来。The harder you work,the greater progress yo
33、u will make.你越用功,进步就越大。The longer the war lasts,the more people there will suffer.战争持续得越久,那里的人们受难就越多。若比较级作表语且不位于句首时,可以不用the。When we are more in danger,we should be braver.越是危险,我们越应勇敢。在这种句型中,主句在程度上随着从句变化而变化,常把被强调部分提前。例如:The faster you run,the better it will be.你跑得越快越好。这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略。特别是语、俗语,只要意义明确
34、,越简练越好。The more,the better.多多益善。The sooner,the better.越早越好。5)若表示“越 越不”时,常用“the more.,the less.”句型。The more she flatters me,the less I like her.她越逢迎我,我越不喜欢她。若表示“越不 就越”时,常用“the less.,the more.”句型。The less he worried,the better he worked.他越不烦恼,工作就干得越好。6)副词或形容词比较级前可用much,a little,a bit,even,far 等来修饰。The
35、re is no school tomorrow.You can sleep a little/a bit longer.He plays much better than I.She can type it much more quickly.Michel writes even more beautifully than usual today.7)说明比较范围时，注意介词的使用.副词最高级 of all（或用 in 引导的语）。所有人中，Catherine 唱得最好。Catherine sings best of all.所有男生中，他跑的最快。Of all the boys，he ru
36、ns fastest.班上 Mark 学习最努力。Mark studies hardest in his class.8)A+行为动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+B”表示:“A 比 B 几倍”或“A 是 B 的 几倍”。e.g.Shelly跑步比我快两倍，是我的三倍。Shelly runs two times faster than I.And Shelly runs three times as fast as I do.9)“A+行为动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示：“A 比同一范围名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，
37、共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档的任何一个人/物都”含义是“A 最”e.g.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早=Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.=Mike gets to school earliest in his class.【练习四】（一）1.There is _ milk in this cup than in that one.A.less B.a li
38、ttle C.fewer D.a bit 2.Tom studies much _ than he did before.A.careful B.carefully C.more carefully D.more careful 3.Kola is one of _ animals in the world.A.quietest B.the quietest C.the most quieter D.the most quiet 4.Bill Gates has _ money in the world.A.many B.more C.the most D.much 5.The books a
39、re not _ to be published.A.enough interesting B.interesting enough C.so interesting D.too interesting 6.I think oranges are _ of all the fruits.A.delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.the most delicious 7.Is Chinese _ English?A.so useful as B.as useful as C.more useful as D.less useful as 8.
40、The dress is _ beautiful,but its _ more expensive than that one.A.much;much B.very;very C.very;much D.much;very 9.Last night my father went back _ later than before.A.quite B.very C.even D.much more 10.I am much _ today,but she is even _.A.well;ill B.well;worse C.better;ill D.better;worse 11.This cl
41、assroom is _ as that one.A.not as bright B.not so brighter C.not bright D.as not bright 12.This is _ one among the four.A.an expensive B.a more expensive C.a most expensive D.the most expensive 13.Have you anything _ to say?A.many B.much C.must D.more 14.I think there are _ students in Class 5 in ou
42、r grade.A.many B.more C.the most D.much more 15.This room is _ to hold thirty people.A.bigger enough B.enough bigger C.enough D.big enough 16.I _ get up _ my mother.A.cannot,early than B.don t,so early asC.can,as earlier as D./,not so early as 17.Our English lessons are getting _.A.more and more dif
43、ficult B.more difficult and more difficult C.more difficult an difficult D.difficulter and difficulter 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档（二）1.She cant walk as fast as you.=You can walk _ than she.2.Nancy draws the best in her class.=Nancy draws better than _ _ _ in her class.=Nancy draws
44、better than _ _ _ in her class.=Nancy draws better than _ _ in her class.=Nobody else draws as _ as Nancy in her class.3.Belly sang better than Linda.=Linda sang _ than Belly.=Linda didnt sing as _ as Belly.4.She plays the piano the worst of all the students.=She doesnt play the piano as well as the
45、 other students.=All the other students play the piano_ _ she.5.Tim spoke more accurately than Lucy.=Lucy spoke _ accurately than Tim.=Lucy _ speak so/as accurately as Tim.五、Questions tag(反意疑问句)（一）含义:在陈述句之后附上一个简短的疑问句,对陈述句提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫反意疑问句.如果前部分是肯定形式，后部分用否定形式。或者前部分为否定，后部分为肯定。原则是“前肯后否，前否后肯”-You can
46、help him,cant you?Yes,we can.你们能帮助他，是不是？是的,我们能帮助他。反意疑问句的前后两部分在时态,人称和数上都要保持一致。-Your sister isnt coming back today,is she?-No,she isnt.你姐姐今天不会回来，是吗？是的,她今天不会回来。回答时,只要事实是肯定的,就用 yes,如果事实是否定的,就用 no。（二）具体用法1.如果陈述句有系动词be，助动词,情态动词等，其简短问句的谓语要与陈述句中的谓语保持一致。You haven t seen that film,have you?Jim will go to Engl
47、and,wont he?He can t swim,can he?2.陈述部分含情态动词must be 表示“猜测”时，疑问部分用aren t/isnt+主语；如果 must表示“必须”时，疑问部分则用needn t；当陈述部分有 mustn t 表示“禁止”时，疑问部分要用 must.The bike must be yours,isn t it?You must be hungry,aren t you?She must go home,(必须)needn t she?You mustn t play soccer in the street,（禁止）must you?3.陈述部分的主语是
48、this,that 时,疑问部分的主语多用it;陈述部分的主语是these,those时,疑问部分的主语多用they。如:This is a dictionary,isnt it?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共 13 页 -精品文档精品文档Those are my stamps,arent they?4.陈述部分是“there be”结构的,疑问部分用there 省略主语代词。There is something wrong with your watch,isn t there?There won t be more pollution,will there?5
49、.陈述句中含有not,no,no one,hardly(几乎没有),seldom(不常),neither,few,little,never,nothing 等否定意义的词时,疑问部分常用肯定形式。Few people knew the news,did they?Tom has never been to England,has he?6.陈述句中如果带有否定意义的前缀和后缀的单词时,整个句子仍视为肯定句,反意疑问部分多用否定形式。如：She is unhappy,isn t she?This is an unimportant question,isn t it?7.如果主语是I m,后面反
50、意部分用aren t I?I m late,arent I?8.Had better+动词原形，疑问部分用hadnt you?You d better read it by yourself,hadnt you?9.You d like to+动词原形，疑问部分用wouldnt you?You d like to go with me,wouldnt you?10.如果陈述句的主语是something,nothing,anything,everything 等不定代词时,疑问部分的主语多用it.Everything goes well,doesn t it?Nothing can stop u