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1、-国际贸易C 2. Unlike Adam Smith, David Ricardos trading principle emphasizes the: a. Demand side of the market b. Supply side of the market c. Role of comparative costs d. Role of absolute costsA 3. According to the principle of comparative advantage, specialization and trade increase a nations total ou
2、tput since: a. Resources are directed to their highest productivity b. The output of the nations trading partner declines c. The nation can produce outside of its production possibilities curve d. The problem of unemployment is eliminatedB 4. In a two-product, two-country world, international trade
3、can lead to increases in: a. Consumer welfare only if output of both products is increased b. Output of both products and consumer welfare in both countries c. Total production of both products, but not consumer welfare in both countries d. Consumer welfare in both countries, but not total productio
4、n of both productsD ?5. Using the data in Table 2.1, answer the question(s). Table 2.1. Output Possibilities for the U.S. and the U.K.Output per Worker per DayCountryTons of SteelTelevisionsUnited States545United Kingdom1020Refer to Table 2.1. The United Kingdom gains most from trade if: a. 1 ton of
5、 steel trades for 2 televisions b. 1 ton of steel trades for 3 televisions c. 2 tons of steel trade for 4 televisions d. 2 tons of steel trade for 5 televisionsD 6. Increasing opportunity costs suggest that: a. Resources are not perfectly shiftable between the production of two goods b. Resources ar
6、e fully shiftable between the production of two goods c. A countrys production possibilities curve appears as a straight line d. A countrys production possibilities curve is bowed inward (i.e., convex) in appearanceC 7. Assuming increasing cost conditions, trade between two countries would not be li
7、kely if they have: a. Identical demand conditions but different supply conditions b. Identical supply conditions but different demand conditions c. Different supply conditions and different demand conditions d. Identical demand conditions and identical supply conditionsD 8. Use the data in Table 2.2
8、 to answer the question(s). Table 2.2. Output Possibilities for South Korea and JapanOutput per Worker per DayCountryTons of SteelVCRsSouth Korea8040Japan2020Refer to Table 2.2. The opportunity cost of one VCR in South Korea is: a. ton of steel b. 1 ton of steel c. 1 tons of steel d. 2 tons of steel
9、B 9. Use the data in Table 2.2 to answer the question(s). Table 2.2. Output Possibilities for South Korea and JapanRefer to Table 2.2. According to the principle of absolute advantage, Japan should: a. Export steel b. Export VCRs c. Export steel and VCRs d. None of the above; there is no basis for g
10、ainful tradeD 10. Use the data in Table 2.2 to answer the question(s). Table 2.2. Output Possibilities for South Korea and Japan Refer to Table 2.2. With international trade, what would be the maximum amount of steel that South Korea would be willing to export to Japan in exchange for each VCR? a. t
11、on of steel b. 1 ton of steel c. 1 tons of steel d. 2 tons of steel11. If the international terms of trade settle at a level that is between each countrys opportunity cost: a. There is no basis for gainful trade for either country b. Both countries gain from trade c. Only one country gains from trad
12、e d. One country gains and the other country loses from trade12. International trade is based on the notion that: a. Different currencies are an obstacle to international trade b. Goods are more mobile internationally than are resources c. Resources are more mobile internationally than are goods d.
13、A countrys exports should always exceed its imports13. Use the graph shown in Figure 2.1 to answer the question(s).Figure 2.1. Production Possibilities ScheduleRefer to Figure 2.1. The relative cost of aluminum in terms of steel is: a. 4.0 tons b. 2.0 tons c. 0.5 tons d. 0.25 tons14. When a nation a
14、chieves autarky equilibrium: a. Input price equals final product price b. Labor productivity equals the wage rate c. Imports equal exports d. Production equals consumption15. According to Ricardo, a country will have a comparative advantage in the product in which its: a. Labor productivity is relat
15、ively low b. Labor productivity is relatively high c. Labor mobility is relatively low d. Labor mobility is relatively high16. The Ricardian model of comparative advantage is based on all of the following assumptions except: a. Only two nations and two products b. Product quality varies among nation
16、s c. Labor is the only factor of production d. Labor can move freely within a nation17. Introducing indifference curves into our trade model permits us to determine: a. Where a nation chooses to locate along its production possibilities curve in autarky b. The precise location of a nations productio
17、n possibilities curve c. Whether absolute cost or comparative cost conditions exist d. The currency price of one product in terms of another product18. Trade between two nations would not be possible if they have: a. Identical community indifference curves but different production possibilities curv
18、es b. Identical production possibilities curves but different community indifference curves c. Different production possibilities curves and different community indifference curves d. Identical production possibilities curves and identical community indifference curves19. Given a two-country and two
19、-product world, the United States would enjoy all the attainable gains from free trade with Canada if it: a. Trades at the U.S. rate of transformation b. Trades at the Canadian rate of transformation c. Specializes completely in the production of both goods d. Specializes partially in the production
20、 of both goods20. The equilibrium prices and quantities established after trade are fully determinate if we know: a. The location of all countries indifference curves b. The shape of each countrys production possibilities curve c. The comparative costs of each trading partner d. The strength of worl
21、d supply and demand for each good21. The best explanation of the gains from trade that David Ricardo could provide was to describe only the outer limits within which the equilibrium terms of trade would fall. This is because Ricardos theory did not recognize how market prices are influenced by: a. D
22、emand conditions b. Supply conditions c.Business expectations d.Profit patterns22. Under free trade, Sweden enjoys all of the gains from trade with Holland if Sweden: a. Trades at Hollands rate of transformation b. Trades at Swedens rate of transformation c. Specializes completely in the production
23、of its export good d. Specializes partially in the production of its export good23. Because the Ricardian trade theory recognized only how supply conditions influence international prices, it could determine: a. The equilibrium terms of trade b. The outer limits for the terms of trade c. Where a cou
24、ntry chooses to locate along its production possibilities curve d. Where a country chooses to locate along its trade triangle24. Given the terms of trade data in Table 2.3, answer the question(s). Table 2.3. Terms of TradeExport Price IndexImport Price IndexCountry1990200419902004Mexico100220100200S
25、weden100160100150Spain100155100155France100170100230Denmark100120100125Refer to Table 2.3. Which countries terms of trade improved between 1990 and 2004? a. Mexico and Denmark b. Sweden and Denmark c. Sweden and Spain d. Mexico and Sweden25. Under free trade, Canada would not enjoy any gains from tr
26、ade with Sweden if Canada: a. Trades at the Canadian rate of transformation b. Trades at Swedens rate of transformation c. Specializes completely in the production of its export good d. Specializes partially in the production of its export good-第 7 页C 1. The mercantilists would have objected to: a. Export promotion policies initiated by the government b. The use of tariffs or quotas to restrict imports c. Trade policies designed to accumulate gold and other precious metals d. International trade based on open markets