《2022年新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳说课讲解 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳说课讲解 .pdf（17页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳Unit 1 Whats the matter?重点短语:have a stomachache have a cold lie down take one s temperature have a fever go to a doctorto one s surprise agree to(do sth.)get into trouble be used to take risks run out(of)cut off get out of be in control of keep on(doing s
2、th.）give up 语言知识归纳：1.What s the matter(with you)?此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：Whats wrong with you?/Whats the trouble?matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。What does it matter?It doesnt matter.【例题】Does it _ if we cant finish it today?A.mind B.minds C.matter D.matters 2.I have a sore throat.have“患病”，常用“have a/an
3、+名词”.have a cold have a fever have a sore back have a stomachache have a cough【例题】()-Does he often have _ cold?-Yes.He also _a cough and a sore throat.A.a;hasB./;has C.a;have D./;have 3.Lie down and rest!躺下休息lie down 躺下4.That s probably why.那可能就是原因。probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。5.hurt v.使受伤
4、；伤害；疼痛He hurt his leg when he fell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didnt ask me to the party.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。6.The bus driver,24-year-old Wang Ping.公交车司机，24岁的王平 24-year-old 是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24 岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A_girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father.A.thre
5、e-year-oldB.three-years-oldC.Three years old7.expect vt.期待；预期；期盼expect 的常见用法:expect+名词/代词The old man is expecting his dau ghter s visit.expect to do sth.I expect to get a birthday present from my dad.单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie 说谎lied lied lying lie 躺，平放lay lain lying 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 17 页 -此文档
6、仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流expect sb.to do sth.Do you expect him to teach you English?expect+从句I expect that you will get there soon.【辨析】expect与 look forward to 两者都有期待的意思look forward to doing sth.I m looking forward to seeing Tom.8.But to his surprise.但是令他吃惊的是 to one s surprise 表示“令人惊奇的是”，相当于“主语+be+s
7、urprised”To his surprise,he found the girl was bind.=He was surprised to find the girl was blind.令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】in surprise 表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。The two girls looked at each other in surprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。be surprised at表示“对感到惊讶”。We are very surprised at the news.听到这个消息，我们很诧异。surprising 表
8、示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。9.They don t want any trouble.他们不想惹麻烦。trouble 用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。His life is full of trouble.他的生活充满了烦恼。Whats the trouble?怎么了？trouble 用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。I m sorry to trouble you.抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与 trouble 相关的短语in trouble 处于困境中get into trouble陷入困境Have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难【例题】-How is
9、 your English study?-Not bad.But I_learning English grammar.A.am interested B.am good at C.have a little trouble D.have no trouble 10.辨析used to do sth.与be used to sth./doing sth.过去常常 习惯于某事/做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get used to the weather here.In the end,I got used to doing hard wor
10、k.11.辨析 run out 与 run out of 人+run out of They have run out of the water.物+run out(不可用于被动语态）The money is running out.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项()Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumplings.I need to buy some now.A.ate up B.run out of C.ran of D.ran out of 12.make decisions=make a decision 作出决定decisio
11、n为 decide的名词形式make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth.13.be in control of 管理；控制A teacher should be in control of his class.重点语法：情态动词 should 的用法（1）should后接动词原形，变否定句在should后加 not,变一般疑问句时将should 提前。（2）should常用于以下两种情况：名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流提出建议You looked t
12、ired.You should lie down and rest.表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Wait a minute.I think he should come in a minute.Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks.重点短语:clean up by oneself cheer up put off give out put on used to give away take after set up make a difference care for come up with 语言知识归纳：1.give out 分发，发放【
13、拓展】give 构成的短语还有：give away 赠给，赠送give in 屈服，投降give up 放弃give off 发出（气味、光、热等）e up with 提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相当于 think of I think she can come up with a good idea(2)come up with还可表示“赶上”,相当于 catch up with.We should study hard to come up with them【例题】()We must _a plan to improve your math.A.pick up B.catch u
14、p with C.come up with D.make up 3.Iv run out of it.我已经把它用完了。run out of 表示“用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。【拓展】run out of 还可表示“从跑出来”。Bill ran out of the room.Bill 从房间里跑出来。run 构成的短语还有run away 逃走run after 追赶run into difficulties 遇到困难【例题】()When your money_,please come to me for some.A.runs out of B.runs out C.is running
15、 out of D.is run out 4.I take after my mother.我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】take after 与 look like take after意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的长辈。The boy takes after his father.这个男孩长得像他爸爸。look like 可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher.这个男的看起来像我们的老师。The rainbow looks like a bridge.彩虹看上去像一座桥。【拓展】take 构成的短语tak
16、e up take off take place take one s time take care【例题】()-Youve really beautiful blond hair.-Thank you.I _my mother.A.look after B.take after C.take from D.look for 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流5.set up 创办，建立set up 为副词短语，与start,establish同义Theyve set up a company.他
17、们创办了一家公司。与 set 相关的短语还有：set out 动身，开始（做某事）set off 出发，引起，激发6.You helped to make it possible for me to have lucky.对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有Lucky.it 是形式宾语You made it possible for me to catch up with others.你让我有可能赶上其他人。【例题】()He found _hard to go to sleep with the light on.A.it B.that C.he D.him 7.Lucky makes a
18、 big difference to my life.Lucky 对我的生活产生了很大的影响。make a big difference 意为“对产生很大的影响”，difference 在此为“影响”的意思。【例题】()The heavy snow didnt _ the international airlines.A.pay attention to B.add to C.make a difference to D.keep to 8.imagine v.想象，假想；以为，认为imagine（v.想象）imagination（n.想象）imaginative(adj.富于想象力的）9.h
19、elp.out 帮克服困难，帮 分担工作The teacher often helps his students out.那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。10.be excited about.对兴奋I m excited about the game of Li Na.我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。exciting 修饰物重点语法：动词短语动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：(1)动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with,ask for,arrive at,hear of,look at,take after,listen to 等。这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I
20、m looking for my pen.Dont laugh at the poor man.(2)动词+副词这类动词短语有：find out,give out,look up,put on,turn on/off,wake up,work out 等。这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词前面。Please pick up the pen.=Please pick the pen up.It took him two hours to work it out.(3)动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有：have a look at,make frie
21、nds with,pay attention to,take care of,look forward to等。在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.(4)动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语有：be angry with,be busy with,be good for,be different from,be interested in,be good at等。【例题】(1)()When you dont know a word,you can _in the dictionary.A.loo
22、k it up B.set it up C.give it up D.pick it up 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流(2)()We will have dinner at the restaurant,which is famous _its sea food.A.of B.to C.for D.as Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?重点短语:take out the rubbish make the bed all the time bo
23、rrow some money help with housework hang out with.a waste of time in order to as.as.take care of in surprise do the dishes as a result 语言知识归纳：1.work on 从事于；着手干The writer is working on a new book.那位作家正在写一本新书。She is going to work on her physics project.她打算从事她的物理项目。【例题】()The scientists are_inventing so
24、me methods of producing electricity.A.working on B.working out C.working at D.working for 2.at least 至少at least 修饰时间、距离、长度等，以加强语气。翻译短语位 at most,意为“至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3.all the time 一直；总是Things are changing all the time.事情一直在变化。【拓展】time 相关
25、的短语on time 准时at the same time同时in time 及时From time to time 偶尔the first time 第一次【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。()I always go shopping on Friday.A.all the time B.all the same C.all along D.all the way 5.I m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累。as.as意为“和一样”,表示同级比较。as.as中间要用形容词或副词原级。This story is as interesting as that
26、one.这个故事和那个一样有趣。否定式为 not as/so.as,意为“不如”。The garden is not so beautiful as you thought.【例题】()He speaks French well,but of course not_a person born in France.A.as clear as B.clearer than C.as clearly as D.the more clearly 6.For one week,she did not do any housework and neither did I.一个星期，她不做家务，我也不做家务
27、。so,neither 倒装句型So+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语Neither+助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况，后面某人（物）也是这样。助动词/be 动词/情态动词在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复形式由后句的主语决定。So依附于肯定句，neither 依附于否定句。Bill watched TV last night.So did Ann.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流Lily isnt a teacher.Neither is Mary.【例
28、题】()-I never drink coffee.-_.A.So do I B.So did I C.Neither did I D.Neither do I 7.辨析 borrow 与 lend borrow sth.from sb.向某人借（入）某物lend sth.to sb./lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人【注】borrow,lend 都是非延续性动词，如果要表示“借多长时间”要用 keep。【例题】()Although you like the book,you may only _it for two weeks.A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.stay
29、 8.spend v.花费（金钱；时间）spend+钱/时间+on sth.在上花费时间或金钱spend+时间+(in)doing sth.花时间做某事【例题】()Yang Feng _ every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old peoples home.A.costs B.takes C.pays D.spends 8.provide v.提供；给予provide sth.The restaurant provide the best service.provide sb.with sth.The parents provide the
30、children with food and clothes.provide sth.for sb.The schools provide desks and chairs for the students.【例题】()To protect the environment,supermarkets dont _ free plastic bags to shoppers.A.take B.show C.provide D.carry 10.depend on 依靠；依赖；相信depend on为固定短语，不能用进行时态，也不可用被动语态As we know,good results depen
31、d on hard work.You can t depend on your parents forever.10.The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better it is for their future.孩子越早学会独立，对他们的将来就越好。the+比较级.，the+比较级.“越就越”The harder you work at your study,the better grades you will have.【例题】()-There was thick haze(雾霾)in our city this spring.What
32、 do you think of it？-I think _cars we drive,_pollution our city will have.A.the fewer;the fewer B.the fewer;the less C.The more;the fewer D.the more;the less 11.in order to 的用法(1)in order to 意为“为了”，强调目的，后接动词原形。In order to let the students hear him,he spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pa
33、ss the exam.In order not to be late for school,she took a taxi.(2)含 in order to 的句子可以转变为由so that或 in order that 引导的状语从句。She ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could catch the bus.12.as a result的用法as a result用于引出结果，常
34、用于两个句子之间，其中一个是另一个的结果，且前后用标点符号名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流将两个句子隔开，意为“结果是”。He didn t listen carefully.As a result,he couldnt work out the maths problem.【注】as a result of 的意思是“由于，因为”，相当于 because of。Peter was late as a result of the heavy rain.=Peter was late becaus
35、e of the heavy rain.【例题】()The boy studied hard._,he passed the exam.A.Ia fact B.On time C.After all D.As a result Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?重点短语:look through work out get on with cut out compare.with in one s opiniona big deal so that get into a fight communicate with not.until.call s
36、b.up instead of 语言知识归纳：1.Why don t you talk to your parents?Why dont you do sth.=Why not do sth.“为什么不?”【拓展】提出建议的句型What/How about doing sth.?做某事怎么样？Shall we do sth.?我们做某事好吗？Youd better(not)do sth.你最好（不）做某事。Why dont you do sth.为什么不做某事呢？Would you mind doing sth.?你介意做某事吗？2.allow v.允许，许可 allow sb.to do s
37、th.“允许某人做某事“My parents allow me to play computer game on weekends.allow doing sth.“允许做某事”She doesn t allow smoking in her house.allow+名词We cant allow such a thing.【例题】()Do you often allow_until 11:00 p.m.A.to stay up B.stay up C.staying up D.and stay up 3.work out 产生效果，进展 Things worked out quite wel
38、l for us.对我们来说，事情进展很好。He worked out the maths problem.他算出了这道数学题。Can you work out the problem alone?你一个人能把问题搞清楚吗？municate v.交流信息；沟通I can t communicate with them at the moment.此刻我无法同他们进行交流。communication n.交流People can t get on well with each other without communication.没有交流，人们就无法相处得好。【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一
39、项。()People choose to keep in touch with their friends by e-mail.A.write B.read C.agree D.communicate 5.argue vi.争论；争吵名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流argue with sb.与某人争论Dont argue with your parents.不要和你的父母争论。argue的名词形式是“argument”,have an argument with sb.与某人辩论。Alice
40、hand an argument with her best friend.【例题】()I never argue _my parents.A.in B.to C.for D.with 6.instead adv.代替，顶替If you are busy,you may come another day instead.【辨析】instead 与 instead of instead 副词舍前取后，可单独使用，位于句首或句末。instead of 介词短语舍后取前，后面常跟名词，代词及动词ing。He didn t answer.He asked his father instead.We e
41、at rice instead of noodles.【例题】()What a nice day!We should go sightseeing _watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.out 7.offer v.提供；提出；建议 offer 做“提供”讲时，可接双宾语。offer sth.to sb.=offer sb.sth.向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea to the man.=The waitress offered the man a
42、 cup of tea.offer 还有“提出，建议”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主动提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the boy some money.【例题】()The little boy _ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A.lent B.offered C.took D.brought 8.And they are always comparing them with other pare 作动词，意为“比较，和相比”。compare.with.把同相比较Parents shouldnt al
43、ways compare their children with others.父母们不该总是把自己的孩子同别人相比较。compare.to.把比作People often compare the life to a stage.人们常把生活比作一个舞台。【例题】()My handwriting can not be compared_ my fathers.A.to B.with C.on D.for 11.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.return 意为“归还”，其后可接双宾语return sb.sth.=return
44、 sth.to sb.Dont forget to return me the keys.return 还有“返回”的意思，相当于go back,后接地点时需要介词to。He returned to Shanghai a week ago.【例题】那本书你还给图书馆了吗？Did you _the book_the library?()I dont know when we will _Hong Kong.A.return back B.return to C.return back to D.return Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstor
45、m came?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流重点短语:go off pick up fall asleep die down make ones way in silencetake down at first wait for in a mess the rest of have meaning to basketball competition as well make sure 语言知识归纳：1.while 当的时候作连词引导时间状语从句，在while 引导的从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续
46、性动词，强调主从句中的动作或状态同时发生。While I was watching TV,someone knocked at the door.when意为“当时”，动作有一前一后的意思。When I passed that room I heard someone singing.while 作连词时也可理解为“然而”，表示转折关系。I like apples while my sister doesnt.【例题】()Tom likes reading a newspaper_he is having breakfast.A.until B.while C.because D.though
47、()Mary was talking on the phone _someone knocked at the door.A.while B.before C.when D.after 2.make sure 查明；确信 make sure of sth.make sure to do sth.make sure that+从句【例题】()Read your English paper again and _there is no mistake in it before you hand it in.A.make sure B.turn up C.come out D.look for 3.
48、I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.get意为“到达”时，是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，要加介词to。How can I get to the nearest supermarket?表示“到达”的三种形式：arrive 意为到达at+小地点arrive in+大地点 get to 后接地点名词。He got to school at 7:00 this morning.reach意为“到达”，是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。When did you reach America?【例题】()Please write to me a
49、s soon as you _ your school.A.get to B.reach to C.arrive D.come()-When did your aunt_in Shandong?-Yesterday afternoon.A.reach B.get C.arrive D.come 4.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.hear动词,意为“听说”。常用结构为：名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 9 页，共
50、17 页 -此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流 hear sb.do sth.听见某人做某事 hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事 hear of/about sb./sth.听说某人或某事 hear from sb.收到某人的来信 hear+that从句听说【例题】()Tom likes to _others but he never writes to them.A.hear B.hear of C.hear about D.hear from()-When did you _the news?-Just now.A.hear about B.he