《2022年主谓一致讲解及练习 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年主谓一致讲解及练习 .pdf（5页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、（九）主谓一致1名词作主语1）某些集体名词，如family,team 等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family _ a happy one.The whole family _ watching TV.这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。2）某些集体名词，如people,police,cattle 等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如：The police _ searc
2、hing for the thief.3）单、复数同形的名词主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如：A sheep _ over there.Some sheep _ over there.4）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years _ passed since then.5）不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl _ to go to the cinem
3、a.6）如果主语有more than one 很多非常 或 many a 许多构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：More than one student _ read the book.Many a girl _ been there.但是，“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如：More members than one _ against your plan.7）一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses
4、,chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of,a pair of,a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：A pair of shoes _ on the desk.8）this kind of book=a book of this kind（这种书），其谓语动词用单数；短语 this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(口语)（这一类人），但 this kind of men 的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind和 these kind of men 的谓语动
5、词用复数，all kinds of 后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：This kind of men _ dangerous.Men of this kind _ dangerous.9）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致原则，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有：means（方法），works（工厂），species（种类），Chinese，Japanese等。如：The(This)glass works _ set up in 1980.(这家玻璃厂建于1980 年。)The（These）glass works _ near the railway s
6、tation.（这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。）10）如果名词词组中心词是all，most,half,rest 等词语，所指的复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之，用单数。如：All of my classmates _(like)music.All of the water _ gone.11)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Between the two windows _(hang)a picture.2由连接词连接的名词作主语1）用 and或 both and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如：Walking and riding _ good exercise
7、s.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 5 页 -2）当主语后面跟有as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由引导词前面的主语而定。如：The teacher as well as the students _ reading in the library.3）以 or,eitheror,neithernor,not only
8、but also 等连接的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。如：Tom or his brothers _ waiting in the room.Either you or he _ to go.3分数、量词作主语1）“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of,lots of plenty of,a large quantity of,half of+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语，例如：Lots of damage _ caused by fir
9、e.About three-fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here _ women.和这种情况类似的还有“a number of+名词复数”谓语用复数译为大量，许多，the number of 中心词是 number,谓语用单数，译为的数量A number of students _ gone home.The number of pages in this book _ two hundred.注意：(large)quantities of 不可数名词，其短语作主语
10、时，谓语动词一般用复数，例如：Quantities of food(nuts)_ on the table.短语 in quantity,in large quantities 意为“大量”；in small quantities 意为“少量”。2）a great deal of,a large amount of 修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of 修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，例如：A large amount of(A great deal of)damage _ done in a very short time.
11、Large amounts of money _ spent on the bridge.3）表示数量的one and a half 后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，例如：One and a half bananas _ left on the table.4从句作主语1）由 what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，例如：What we need _ more time.What we need _ doctors.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 5 页 -Exercise
12、1.Three _ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.A.hundreds people B.hundred people C.hundreds peoples D.hundred peoples 2.Either you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out 3.I,who _ your cl
13、ose friend,will try my best to help you out of trouble.A.am B.is C.are D.be 4.The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _ in Beijing of China,which _ known to us all.A.is to hold;is B.is to be held;was C.are to hold;is D.are to be held;is 5.There _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _ u
14、p.A.were;it B.are;them C.was;it D.is;them 6.Three million tons of coal _ every year in the city.A.is exploited B.are exploited C.had exploited D.have exploited 7.Stories of the Long March _ popular with the young people now.A.is B.was C.are D.were 8.Mathematics _ the language of science.A.are B.are
15、going to be C.is D.is to be 9.Both rice and wheat _ grown in our country.A.is B.are C.was D.were 10._ either of your parents come to see you recently?A.Have B.Had C.Has D.Is 11.What the children in the mountain village need _ good books.A.is B.are C.have D.has 12.The whole family _ TV attentively.A.
16、are watching B.is watching C.is seeing D.are seeing 13.Nothing but several glasses _ bought by my father the day before yesterday.A.was B.were C.have been D.would be 14.At the bus stop _ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.A.were B.was C.is D.sits 15.If law and order _,neither
17、 the citizen nor his family is safe.A.are not preserved B.is not preserved C.were preserved D.have not been preserved 16.There _ little change in that middle school.A.have B.had C.have been D.has been 17.What such a sunset is _ strange to us all.A.going to be B./C.is D.that 18.Seventy-five percent o
18、f the earths surface _ with water.A.is covered B.is covering C.were covered D.are covered 19.The following _ some other mental diseases.A.being B.are C.was D.were 20.Not only you but also I _ able to help him out.A.are B.is C.am D.were 21.“The Kites”_ us a story of the kites history.A.have told B.te
19、lls C.were told D.was told 22.You and I _ twin sisters.A.were B.are C.is D.am 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 5 页 -23.A teacher of English and class teacher _ us something about volunteer workers.A.are telling B.is telling C.are given D.were given 24.Thousands of tons of rubbish _ over a large period
20、 of time.A.rots away B.rot away C.has rotted away D.are rotted away 25.Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.A.is cleaning B.are cleaning C.were cleaning D.have cleaned 26.Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.A.have known B.knows C.is known D.are known 27.The defen
21、se works _ built long ago to keep the enemy away.A.were B.has been C.had been D.was 28.“Have you all studied the passageUsing the Mind against Disease？”“_.”A.Nobody of us has B.Nobody of us have C.None of us has D.None of us did 29.A group of Italian soldiers _ quickly towards their position.A.were
22、advancing B.were advanced C.was advancing D.advancing 30.Everyone,men and women,old and young _ sports and games.A.is enjoy B.were enjoying C.enjoys D.enjoy 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 5 页 -1.解析：选B.hundred 一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s 2.解析：选 D.当 either or 连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词在人称和数上和后一个主语保持一致。“be+不定式”表示按计划或安排将要发
23、生的动作。3.解析：选A.who 为引导定语从句的关系代词，其先行词是I,所以谓语动词要用am.4.解析：选 D.主语 the Olympic Games 意为：奥运会，谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式；后半部分为 which 引导的非限制情定语从句，其谓语动词要用单数形式。5.解析：选C.there be 句型中 be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语，a lot of rubbish(不可数名词)，因此后面谓语动词要用单数。6.解析：选A.主语为 coal,是不可数名词。根据题意，此处要用被动语态。7.解析：选A.主语 Stories of the Long March 是书名，谓语动词要用第三
24、人称单数形式。8.解析：选C.此处 mathematics 为学科名词，作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。9.解析：选B.both-and-连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。10.解析：选C.either 是主语部分的中心词，助动词要与either 要数上保持一致。11.解析：选 B.what 引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来决定，此处要用非第三人称单数形式。12.解析：选A.此处指：家里的各个成员，所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。13.解析：选 A.此处 nothing 句子的主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。14.解析：选 A.此句为
25、倒装句，句子的主语是a soldier and two young people.15.解析：选 B.此处主语law and order 指的是同一个概念，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.16.解析：选 D.此处 there be结构中的主语little change 是不可数名词。17.解析：选 C.本句是主语从句，缺谓语，所以要用第三人称单数形式。18.解析：选 A.本句缺谓语，主语percent后面是不可数名词，所以要用第三人称单数形式。19.解析：选 B.本句的表语是复数形式，所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形。20.解析：选C.根据就近一致性原则，谓语用am.21.解析：选 B.本句
26、的主语是书名，从整体考虑，谓语是第三人称单数形。22.解析：选 B.用 and 连接两个并列主语时，谓语用非第三人称单数形.23.解析：选B.本句主语是同一个人，谓语用第三人称单数形式。24.解析：选B.本句主语是tons,是复数形式，rot 是不及物动词，不可用被动形式。25.解析：选A.本句主语 Mayor 是单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。26.解析：选 B.主语 many a student 意思是复数，形式是单数。谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。27.解析：选 D.主语 works 是集合名词，当成整体考虑，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。Long ago 表示过去.28.解析：选 C.因为问句是完成时态，答句要用完成时态回答，另外主语不可用nobody of us.29.解析：选A.主语 a group of 在本句中表示具体每个人。30.解析：选 C.本句主语是不定代词everyone，为单数主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 5 页 -