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1、学习好资料欢迎下载2016 年中考英语第二轮复习专项训练学案(5)(数词)一、基数词(一)基数词的基本形式1.112 是基本的数词。_ _.2.13 19_是在 39 后分别加上teen,注意 13(thirteen)和 15(fifteen)的拼法。3.20_、30_、40_、50_、60_、70_、80_和 90_是由相应的个位数+ty 构成,注意20、30、40、50 和 80 的拼法。4.2199 中除整十外的数字是由十位数加个位数构成,中间由连字符连接。如:21 twenty-one35 thirty-five 44 forty-four 55 fifty-five 88 eight
2、y-eight 99 ninety-nine。5.101999 由百位数与上面的两位数合起来构成,在百位数和十位数之间要加and。如果十位数是零,则在个位数前加and。234_204_.6.千位数字只要在百位数前加上千位数,在百位和千位之间不加任何词或符号。如果百位数是零,则在千位数后加and。如:1,348one thousandthree hundred and forty-eight 5,076fivethousand and seventy-six 2,006two thousandand six。7.万位以上数字的读法:以分号为单位(由后向前,三位数加一个分号),第一个分号前是千(t
3、housand),第二个分号前是百万(million),第三个分号前是十亿(billion)。如:423,845,208,172four hundred and twenty-three billion,eighthundred and forty-five million,two hundred andeight thousand,one hundred and seventy-two。注 意:在 表 示“几 百;几 千;几 百 万”等 确 切 的 数 字 时,直 接 用 基 数 词+hundred/thousand/million;如:two hundred 表示“成百;数千;上百万”等不
4、确切的数字时,则用 hundreds/thousands/millions of 表达。(二)日期、时间、编号、年龄等的用法1.“数词十单数名词”相当于合成形容词作定语。如:a three-year-old girl 一个 3 岁大的女孩2.“整十”的基数词的复数形式可用于表示几十年代或在某人几十多岁时。如:in the 1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代in his twenties 在他 20 多岁时3.“another+基数词十名词复数”或“基数词+more+名词”表示在已有基础上再增加一定的数量。如:another two cakes=two more cakes 再增加两块蛋糕4
5、.“一两天”可表达为:a day or two 或 one ortwo days。有关“半”的表达:half an hour,“半小时”;three years and a half=three and a half years,“三年半”。5.表示编号时,用“单数名词十基数词”,名词的第一个字母通常要大写。如:Class Two 二班 Room 12 12 号房间 No.1 Middle School 第一中学Lesson One 第一课Page 10 第 10 页名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页,共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载例题 1(2015.泰州济川中学阶段性
6、试题)How do you say the number 567,043?A five hundred sixty-seven thousand forty-three B.five hundred sixty-seven thousand and forty-three C five hundred and sixty-seven thousand forty-three D.five hundred and sixty-seven thousand andforty-three【解祈】D 本题考查了万位数以上的数字读法。分号前用千“thousand”表达,且百位数和十位数之间要加and,分
7、号后百位数是零,仍需加and。故选 D 项。例题 2(2015.绥化)一 Whats five andseven?-It s _.A.twelve B.twenty C.thirty-five【解析】A 本题考查基数的词义辨析。句意:五加七等于几?十二。故选A。例题 3(2015.东营)It is reported that nearly _foreign kids joined a British boardingschool last year,and a third of them came fromChina.A.nine thousandB.nine thousands C.nine
8、 thousand ofD.nine thousands of【解析】A 本题考查大数字词的表达形式。当thousand 等大数字名词前有基数词修饰时,不可以用复数,而C 答案 of 后面应表示特指,故选择A。二、序数词序数词的构成:1.“第一(first)”、“第二(second)”和“第三(third)”与其基数词形式无关,“第四”至“第十”是在与之相应的基数词后加th _,但要注意“第五”_、“第八”_、“第九”_的拼法。2.序数词第11第19是在原基数词词尾加th,_注意第十二 _的拼法。3.20 90 的 整 十 位 数 的 序 数 词 是 将 其 相 应 的 基 数 词 词 尾ty
9、改 为tieth。_.4.21 以上的序数词是将个位数改成序数词。如:第二十一 twenty-first 第五十四fifty-fourth 第一百四十二one hundred and forty-second。注意:1.序数词表示顺序时,其前要加定冠词the,其后接单数名词。如:the second picture。2.序数词前也可用不定冠词a(an),表示“再;又 。”如:Ive tried twice,but Ill try a third time.我已试过两次了,但我将再试一次。例题 1(2015.镇江模拟)There are _ syllables(音节)in the word re
10、commend.And thestress(重音)falls on the _-syllable.A.two,second B.three,firstC.three,third D.three,second【解析】C 句意:单词recommend 有三个音节,重音落在第三个音节上。第一空用基数词 three,第二空用序数词third。故选 C 项。例题 2(2015.齐齐哈尔)一 Do you know thegirls who are in the living room?名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页,共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载-Yes,they are m
11、y classmates.They arecelebrating Lucys _ birthday.A.thirteen B.the thirteenth C.thirteenth【解析】C 本题考查数词的辨析。thirteen 为基数词,表数量,thirteenth 为序数词,表顺序。句意:你认识客厅里那些女孩吗?认识,她们是我同学,她们在庆祝露西的十三岁生日。这里应用序数词,而序数词前有了Lucys,所以不能用the 修饰。故选C。例题 3(2015.宜宾)David Beckham has _ children.Brooklyn Beckham is his _ son.A.third;
12、first B.three;one C.three;first D.third;one【解析】C 句意:贝克汉姆有3 个孩子,Brooklyn 是他的第一个儿子。前一空选基数词 three,后一空用序数词first。故选 C。三、分数1.分数的构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式。如:1/2 o ne-second;3/4 three-fourths;2/5 two-fifths。在英语中“四分之一”常表示为 a quarter;“四分之三”表示为 three quarters;“二分之一”表示为 ahalf。2.分数的用法:“分数+of+限定词十名词复数”作主语
13、时,谓语动词应用复数形式。如:One half of the students are from America inthis school.这所学校有一半学生来自美国。“分数+of+限定词十不可数名词名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。如:Two thirds of her money was spent on clothes.她把三分之二的钱花在了衣服上。3.百分数的表达方式是:基数词+percent。如:thirty percent of the students 30%的学生。例题 1(2015.南京溧水二模)一 Mum,_ of the apples _gone bad
14、.-Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.A.one third;have B.one third;has C.one three;have D.first three;has【解析】A 本题前一空考查分数。分数的构成是分子用基数词,分母用序数词;后一空考查主谓一致,主语“分数+of the apples”是复数,相应的谓语动词用复数形式。故选A 项。例题 2(2015.龙东)_of the girls will join the summer camp to visit England.A.Three fives B.Third fif
15、ths C.Three fifths【解析】C 本题考查分数的词的构成。词义为“五分之三”,分子用基数词three,分母用序数词fifth,由于分子大于一,所以fifth 要加一 s,即用 fifths。故选 C。例题 3(2015.随州)Its said that _ ofthe water around the world_ polluted.A.two thirds;hasB.two thirds;isC.two third;areD.two thirds;have【解析】B 本题考查分数词的用法及被动语态结构。句意:据说世界上三分之二的水被污染了。第一空用two thirds,由于分词
16、修饰的名词water 为不可数名词,动词用三单形式,水被污染,动词用被动语态,故选B。名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页,共 4 页 -学习好资料欢迎下载真题测试1.During the May Dayholiday,we stayed in a mountain villagewith _ trees around.A.thousand of B.thousandC.thousands D.thousands of 2.Tonys mum looks youngand beautiful.Its hard to imagine she isalready in her
17、_.A.fifties B.fiftyC.fiftieths D.fiftieth 3.Rose received a letter full oflove from her parents on her _ birthday.A sixteen B.sixteensC.sixteenth D.sixteenths 4.Basketball is so exciting that _ people play it for fun.A million B.two millionsC.million of D.millions of 5.-This is the _ time thatI come
18、 to see Paris.I have been here twice.-Me too.The world is so large that Iwant to see more of it.A.first B.second C.third 6.Its reported that there aremore than 300 _ smokers inChina,nearly a third of all the smokers inthe world.A.million B.millionsC.million of D.millions of 7.I live in Room 403.Saml
19、ives in the room right above mine,on the _floor.A.thirdB.threeC.fifthD.five 8._ of the land in that district is coveredwith trees and grass.A.Fifth two B.Two fifthC.Fifth secondD.Two fifths 9.The _ biggest earthquake in Nepal(尼泊尔)has killed more than 8,000 people.A.two B.secondC.twice 10.Its my _ ti
20、me tocome to the bookstore this month becausemost of the books in it are my favorite.A.forth B.four C.fourth 11.-How many friends willcome to yourbirthday party?-About _.A.fifteen;fifteenB.fifteenth;fifteenthC.fifteen;fifteenthD.fifteenth;fifteen 12.-Im going to take thissummer holiday in Taiwan.-Oh,really?Taiwan is _ abeautiful island that_ people inGuangdong go to visit it every year.A.so;thousandsB.so;thousands ofC.such;many thousandD.such;thousands of 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页,共 4 页 -