专题8 形容词与副词原级、比较级和最高级【讲义】-2022年中考英语语法细分命题点综合复习(课件+课后练习题).docx

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1、2022中考英语语法细分命题点复习专题8形容词与副词原级、比拟级和最高级PPT讲义目录考向一形容词副词原级1考向二形容词副词比拟级3命题点2.1比拟级一般结构3命题点2.2比拟级的修饰5命题点2.3比拟级+and+比拟级6命题点2.4 the+比拟级,the+比拟级7命题点2.5 比拟级+than+any other+名词 (单数) 9命题点2.6比拟级的否认表最高级10命题点2.7两者中较11考向三形容词副词最高级12命题点3.1最高级一般结构12命题点3.2 one of+the+最高级+名词(复数)13命题点 3.3 “序数i司+最高级”15考向一形容词副词原级+ as +形容词/副词原

2、级+as + B. A和B一样地.He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢).A. not+ as/so +形容词/副词原级+ as + B. A不如B.He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋)Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢).倍数表示:倍

3、数+ as+原级+ asCats sleep twice as much as people.猫的睡眠时间比人长一倍。/猫的睡眠时间是人的两倍。1. (2021 四川广元)Tina is as as her sister Tara.A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing【答案】A【详解】句意:Tina跟她的妹妹Tara一样的外向。outgoing外向的,形容词;more outgoing更加外向的,是比拟级形式;the most outgoing最外向的, 是最高级形式。这句话中使用了 asas结构,意为“和.一样,表示同级比拟,两个

4、as之间用形 容词或副词的原级。故应选A。【详解】句意:中国比非洲任何国家都大。考查any和any other的使用范围。根据句意中国和非洲的任何一个国家相比拟,不需要排除自身, 故用any强调“任何的。应选B。25. (2020黑龙江牡丹江)In my opinion, Chinese is any other language in the world becauseChinese has the most number of speakers.A. as important as B. more important than C. the most important【答案】B【详解】句

5、意:在我看来,中文比其他任何语言都重要,因为说中文的人是最多的。考查形容词比拟级的固定用法。as important as 0 一样重要;more important than比 更重要; the most important最重要。本句为“比拟级+than+any other+名词”句式,表比任何一个都 。根据 句子结构,空格处要填形容词比拟级+than, important是多音节词,比拟级在词前加more,所以是 more important than。应选 B。命题点2.6比拟级的否认表最高级一些比拟级的否认结构能实现最高级的作用。如:No one studies harder tha

6、n him.没有学习比他更努力。上个例句等效于He studies hardest.26. (2021 河北石家庄市第四十二中学二模)一 I hear Tony was chosen to be a member to go abroad.一 Sure. No one here speaks French himA. as quietly as B. as badly as C. worse than D. better than【答案】D【详解】句意: 我听说托尼被选为出国的一名成员。当然。这里没有人法语说得比他好。考查比拟级。as quietly as 一样安静;as badly as 跟

7、 一样差;worse than 比 更差;better than 比更好o 根据I hear Tony was chosen to be a member to go abroad”可知,此处表达没人比他说得更好,否认词+比拟级表示最高级的意思,应选D。27. (2021-山东滨州)一What do you think of this kind of clay art?一Great! I have never seen aA. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much beautiful D. most beautiful【答案】B【详解】句意:你觉得这种泥塑艺术

8、怎么样? 太棒了!我从没见过比这更漂亮的。考查形容词比拟级。根据I have never seen a . one.”可知此处用比拟级的否认表示最高级,beautiful 的比拟级是more beautiful。应选B。28. (经典真题) Nothing is than keeping trying if you want to achieve your dreams.A. very important B. more important C. the most important D. as important as【答案】B【详解】句意:如果你想实现梦想,没有什么比不断尝试更重要的了。考

9、查比拟级。nothing是否认词,否认词+比拟级,表示“没有比更的了,important的比拟级是 more important,应选 B。29. (经典真题)一How was your interview for the work?一Oh, I couldn feel any. I hardlyunderstood most of the questions they asked.A. happier B. better C. worse D. harder【答案】C【详解】句意:你工作面试怎么样了? 哦,我感觉最糟糕。我几乎无法明白他们问的大部 分问题。考查形容词的比拟级的用法。happi

10、er更高兴的;better更好的;worse更糟糕的;harder更努力的; 根据I hardly understood most of the questions they asked.可知我的情况不好,否认副词+形容词的比拟 级,表示形容词的最高级,应选C。命题点2.7两者中较.表示两者中教的,比拟级一般要加the。Of the two sisters, Betty is the younger one,两姐妹中,Betty 是更年轻的一个。30. (2021 重庆八中模拟预测)The twin sisters are almost the same. But the elder sist

11、er is theA. as tall as B. the tallest of C. the taller of D. much taller than【答案】C【详解】句意:这对双胞胎姐妹长得几乎一样。但是姐姐是两个中个子较高的。考查形容词比拟级。as tall as跟一样高;the tallest of最高的;the taller of较高的;much taller than比更高。根据“but”可知,后面转折说明她俩的差距,排除A选项。比拟级中的固定用法:the+ 比拟级+of the two, “两者中较的一个,应选C。31. (2020湖南长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校三模)Si

12、nce they believe in you, I think you are the person of the two to solve the problem.A. good B. better C. best【答案】B【详解】句意:既然他们相信你,我认为你是两个人中能更好解决问题的人。考查形容词比拟级。good好的,形容词原级;better更好的,形容词比拟级;best最好的,形容词 最高级。根据题干中“the person of the two”可知此处用“the+比拟级+of the two(+名词复数)”结构 表示“两者中较”,此处用better符合题意。应选B。考向三形容词副

13、词最高级命题点3.1最高级一般结构命题点3.2oneof+the+最高级+名词(复数)命题点3.3 “序数词+最高级”命题点3.1最高级一般结构最高级的一般构成:主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(the) +形容词/副词最高级+in/of.The Changjiang River is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流)He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)注意:介词。f在最高级中变范围,意为“在中,32. (2020湖北襄阳)一Wang Lin did in the final exa

14、m this term again. Thats notstrange. He always gets full marks in all of his subjects.A. worst B. worse C. best D. better【答案】c【详解】句意: 王林这学期期末考试考得又是最好的。这并不奇怪。他所有科目总是得满 分。考查情景交际及最高级。worst最差的,最高级;worse更差的,比拟级;best最好的,最高级;better 更好的,比拟级。根据答语“He always gets full marks in all of his subjects”可知,王林所有科目都是满

15、分,所以他期末考试考得最好,故应用最高级best。应选C。33. (2021 四川遂宁)一Whats mountain in the world?一Qomolangma. It is 8848. 86meters high according to the latest report.A. higher B. highest C. the highest D. high【答案】C【详解】句意:世界上最高的山是什么? 珠穆朗玛峰。据最新报道,它的高度为8848.86 米。考查最高级。根据in the world”及语境可知,此处应用最高级形式,形容词的最高级前要加定冠词 the,应选C。34.

16、(2021 湖南岳阳)Huawei Mate 40 is of the three mobile phones.A. expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive【答案】C【详解】句意:华为Mate40是三款手机中最贵的。考查形容词最高级。根据of the three mobile phones”可知,三者之间比拟用最高级,应选C。35. (2020湖南株洲)There are a few towers in Zhuzhou, and the TV tower near the Yandi Square is theA. tall B. t

17、aller C. tallest【答案】C【详解】句意:株洲有一些塔,在炎帝广场附近的电视塔是最高的。考查形容词是最高级。tall高的,形容词原级;taller更高的,形容词的比拟级;tallest最高的,形 容词的最高级,前面需要加定冠词the。由上文的a few towers可知是几座塔进行比拟,因此定冠词 the后使用形容词的最高级形式tallesr最高的,应选C。命题点3.2 one of+the+最高级+名词(复数)oneof+the+最高级+复数名词+比拟范围,表”中最之一如:Tom is one of the tallest boys in his class.Tom 是他班里最

18、高的男孩子之一。注意:one of后名词用复数。36. (2021 广西灌阳县教育局教学研究室二模)Taobao. com is one of shopping websites inChina.A. the largest B. larger C. largest【答案】A【详解】句意:淘宝网是中国最大的购物网站之一。考查最高级。the largest最大的,最高级;larger较大的,比拟级;largest最大的,最高级,前面一 般需要加定冠词the。根据题干可知,本句考查固定句型:one of the+形容词的最高级+名词复数,表 示“最之一”,应选A。37. (2021 重庆)Prot

19、ecting ourselves is one of things we must do.A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important【答案】D【详解】句意:保护自己是我们必须做的最重要的事情之一。考查形容词最高级。此处构成“oneofHhe+最高级+名词复数”结构,应选D。38. (2021 云南元阳一模)一What do you think of the book you borrowed yesterday?一Oh! Its one ofbooks Fve ever read.A. inter

20、esting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting【答案】D【详解】句意:你觉得你昨天借的那本书怎么样? 哦!这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。考查最高级。one of the+最高级+名词复数”表示最之一,固定句型,最高级常与定冠词the 连用。应选D。39. (2021 北京顺义二模)Sam is one of students in our class. He likes helping others.A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the mo

21、st popular【答案】D【详解】句意:Sam是我们班上最受欢迎的学生之一。他喜欢帮助别人。考查形容词最高级。popular流行的,受欢迎的,是一个形容词。由句意和句子结构可知,该句使 用了。ne of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,意为“最的之一: 应选D。40. (2020青海西宁)In Viking(维京)times Constantinople was one of in the world.A. richer city B. richer cities C. the richest city D. the richest cities【答案】D【详解】句意:在维京时代君士坦丁堡

22、是世界上最富有的城市之一。考查形容词最高级。oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最之一,固定用法;rich,富 有的,形容词,最高级形式为richest; city,城市,可数名词,复数形式为cities。应选D。41. (2020西藏)We believe that China will become one of in the world.A. the strong countries B. the strongest country C. the strongest countries D. the strong country 【答案】C【详解】句意:我们相信中国将成为世

23、界上最强大的国家之一。考查最高级。由.one of.in the world”可知,本句为“on of the+最高级+名词复数”句式,故此处应为 the strongest countrieso 应选 Co命题点3.3 “序数词+最高级”“the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+比拟范围。表”中第最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。42. (2021 天津河东一模)A journey by air is the and the second, but you need to goto the air

24、port. It also takes time.A. faster; cheaper B. fastest; cheaper C. fastest; cheapest D. faster; cheapest【答案】c【详解】句意:乘飞机旅行是最快的,也是第二廉价的,但是你需要去机场。这也需要时间。考查形容词的最高级。第一处有定冠词the修饰,使用最高级,排除AD; “第几怎么样”应该 使用“the+序数词+最高级:应选C。43. (2021 辽宁模拟预测)India is the third producer of books in the language of English in th

25、eworld.A. large B. larger C. the largest D. largest【答案】D【详解】句意:印度是世界上第三大英语书籍生产国。考查形容词的最高级,比拟范围是in the world全世界,是三者以上相比用最高级,观察句子,这 里有“the third”那么应该用“the序数词十最高级”的结构表示,应选D。44. (2020-四川资阳)The Yangtze River is longest river in the world.A. three B. third C. the three D. the third【答案】D【详解】句意:长江是世界第三长河。考查

26、序数词。此处表示顺序,用序数词,third表示“第三”,前面需加定冠词the。应选D。45. (2019辽宁鞍山)-What does Jim look like? He is the second student in our class. ButIm than him.A. taller; tallest B. the tallest ;the taller C. tallest ;taller D. tallest ;the taller【答案】C【详解】句意:吉姆长的什么样? 他是我们班第二高的学生。但是我比他高。根据in our class可知,表示三者以上作比拟,可知第一空用形容词

27、最高级tallest; the second tallest student表示第二高的学生。第二空根据than可知用比拟级,tall的比拟级是taller。表示两者中较 高的,用介词of时,比拟级前面用定冠词the,根据题意,应选C。2 . (2020广西)可7也)Jim is good at running. He can run as as his friend Bob.A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest【答案】A【详解】句意:吉姆擅长跑步,他能跑得和他的朋友鲍勃一样快。考查副词原级。动词“run”用副词修饰。根据asas”可知表达的是

28、“和一一样”,用“as+形容词或 副词原级+as”的结构。空处填副词的原级fast。应选A。3 .(经典真题)Wang Wei speaks English as as Yang Lan. They both study English hard.A. good B. well C. better D. best【答案】B【详解】句意:王伟的英语讲的和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。A为形容词的原级;B为副词的原级;C为比拟级;D为最高级。此题考查同级的比拟。asas中 间用形容词或副词的原级,排除C/D;此处是副词修饰动词speak。应选B。4 .(经典真题) He speaks Fren

29、ch well, but of course he doesnt speak a person from France.A. as clear as B. clearer than C. as clearly as D. the more clearly【答案】C【详解】句意:虽然他法语说得很好,但是他当然不如法国人说得清晰。考查副词的原级比拟。首先,根据下文句首but表示转折关系,可知上文表达他法语说得好,下文 表达的就是不如法国人说得好,“不如”要用not asas”表述,中间要用形容词或副词的原级; speak表示“说、是动词,要用副词修饰,所以asas中间要用副词的原级;clear表示

30、“清楚的”,是 形容词,对应的副词要在词尾加ly,即clearly;应选C。5. (2020-四广元)Sam didnt jump so as Jim in yesterdays sports meeting.A. high B. higher C. highly【答案】A【详解】句意:在昨天的运动会上,Sam跳得不及Jim高。考查原级比拟。high高;higher更高;highly非常,高度地。asso.as.意为“和 一样 ”, 中间用形容词或副词的原级,故排除B。high是adj./adv.,表达具体的高;highly是副词,表达抽 象意义的高。此处修饰jump,是实际的高度,应选A。考

31、向二 形容词副词比拟级命题点2.1比拟级一般结构命题点2.2比拟级的修饰命题点2.3比拟级+and+比拟级命题点2.4the+比拟级,the+比拟级命题点2.5比拟级+than+any other+名词(单数)命题点2.6比拟级的否认表最高级命题点2.7两者中较.命题点21比拟级一般结构比拟级、最高级的规那么变化类别构成方法原级比拟级最高级单音节词和局部双音节词般在词尾加-er, -estyoungtallyounger talleryoungest tallest以不发音的字母e结尾的加-r, -stnice largeNicer largernicest largest单音节词和 局部双音

32、节词以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只 有一个辅音字母时.,双写该辅 音字母,再加-er, -estbig fat hotbigger fatter hotterbiggest fattest hottest以辅音字母加.y结尾的双音节词,变-y为i,再加-er, -esthappy easy earlyHappier easier earlierhappiest easiest earliest多音节词和部 分双音节词在词前加more, mostimportant careful interestingmore important, more careful , more interestingmos

33、t important, most careful , most interesting比拟级、最高级的不规那么变化原级比拟级最高级good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest1 .比拟级的一般结构:主语(A)+谓语动词+形容词/副词比拟级+than+(B)+.A modern train is faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快)(比拟) Thi

34、s book costed me more than that one .(这本书花费我的钱比那本多)2 .注意:一种比拟级的否认形式:(A,)+谓语动词+ less+(多音节形/副)比拟级+than + (B)+.I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)(比拟)Do you think it lessimportant to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗?)6. (2020-四川甘孜)一Which is, the blue one or the red one?一The

35、blue one.A. good B. better C. best【答案】B【详解】句意:哪一个更好,蓝色的这个还是红色呢? 蓝色。考查形容词比拟级。good好;better更好;best最好。根据the blue one or the red one可知是2个 内容在比拟,应用比拟级,应选B。7. (2020贵州铜仁)一Your handwriting is beautiful.一Thank you, I write than before.A. careful B. more careful C. more carefully D. carefully【答案】C【详解】句意:你的字写得很

36、漂亮。谢谢你,我写得比以前更仔细了。考查副词比拟级辨析。careful细心的,形容词,more careful是其比拟级;carefully细心地,副词, more carefully是其比拟级。write写,动词需用副词修饰,可排除前两项。than比,用于比拟;根据 句意结构,可知本句需用比拟级,应选C。8. (2021甘肃天水)I cant keep up with him, he runs than me.A. much faster B. even worse C. less carefully D. more carefully【答案】A【详解】句意:我跟不上他,他跑得比我快多了。考

37、查副词辨析和副词比拟级。much faster更快;even worse更糟糕;less carefully更不细心;more carefully更细心。根据力cant keep up with him”可知,他跑得更快,所以跟不上,应选A。9. (2021 贵州毕节)My brother Bob is hard-working than me, but I am than him.A. most; funnier B. most; funniest C. more; fun D. more; funnier【答案】D【详解】句意:我哥哥鲍勃比我勤奋,但我比他有趣。考查形容词比拟级。两句均有t

38、han表示比拟级,hard-working的比拟级是more hard-working, funny 的比拟级是funnier。应选Do命题点2.2比拟级的修饰在比拟级+ than的结构前可以加上某些副词类和表示倍数的词,以对其进行修饰,如:far (远),even (甚至),much (许多),still (更,还),a lot (许多),a little / bit (一点),rather (相当地),slightly (略微),three times (三倍)等。常考的有 much/a lot/a little.A modern train is much faster than a c

39、ar.(现代的火车比轿车快多了)This book costed me a little more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱比那本多一点点)10. (2021 吉林二道一模)The High Speed Rail is amazing. It makes travel a lot.A. high B. higher C. convenient D. more convenient【答案】D【详解】句意:高速铁路很神奇,它让旅行更方便。考查形容词辨析及形容词比拟级。high高的;higher更高的;convenient方便的;more convenient 更方便的;根据句

40、中的“a lot”可知,此处应使用形容词的比拟级;根据It makes travel a lot”及结合 选项可知,此处使用more convenient,表示“更方便”符合语境。应选D。1 L (2021 湖北枣阳市教学研究室一模)一 Fm getting a COVID-19 vaccine (接种新冠疫苗)this afternoon.一Everyone should take a vaccine, or we will be in even danger.A. biggest B. bigger C. smaller D. smallest【答案】B【详解】句意: 我今天下午要去接种新

41、冠疫苗。每个人都应该接种疫苗,否那么我们将面临 更大的危险。考查形容词及比拟级辨析。biggest最大的;bigger更大的;smaller更小的;smallest最小的。根据 题干“Everyone should take a vaccine, or we will be in even.danger”,可知不接种疫苗将面临更大的危 险,even修饰比拟级,应选B。12 .(经典真题)一 Do you know that China is one of countries in the world? 一 Yes, I do.Its older than America.A. the olde

42、st; very B. old; very C. the oldest; much D. old; much【答案】C【详解】句意: 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?是的,我知道。它比美国更古 老。考查形容词最高级以及比拟级修饰词。固定搭配:one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词,表示“最 之一。very非常;much许多。第二空修饰比拟级older,要用副词much,应选C。13 . (2021 重庆巴蜀中学一模)Because of the serious pollution, the river gets than before.A. more dirtier B. dirt

43、y C. much dirtier D. the dirtiest【答案】C【详解】句意:由于严重的污染,这条河变得比以前脏多了。考查形容词比拟级以及比拟级的修饰词。根据空后than可知,空处应用形容词dirty的比拟级形式 dirtier,更脏,故排除B、C项;形容词的比拟级可以用much来修饰,而不用more,故排除A项。 应选Co命题点2.3比拟级+and+比拟级“比拟级+and+比拟级”表示“越来越注意:多音节词和局部双音节词,写成“more and more + adj/adv”.The weather is getting warmer and warmer天越来越温暖了My ho

44、mework is becoming more and more beautiful.我的家乡越来越美丽了。14 .(经典真题)The weather is becoming.A. hotter and hotter B. more hot and hot C. hoter and hoter D. more and more hot【答案】A【详解】试题分析:句意:天气变得越来越热了。此题考查比拟级+and+比拟级表示越来越。hot的比拟级hotter;根据句意,应选A。15 .(经典真题)I like Meishan because it is becoming.A. well; beau

45、tiful and beautifulB. better; more and more beautifulC. well; more and more beautifulD. better; beautiful and beautiful【答案】B【详解】句意:我更喜欢眉山,因为它变得越来越美丽了。考查副词比拟级以及形容词比拟级。well好地,副词原级;better更好,副词比拟级。第一空表示 更喜欢眉山,有比拟之意。比拟级+and+比拟级表示“越来越.”,应选B。16. (2021黑龙江平房,模)With the development of the society and technolo

46、gy, smart phones seem to be popular. However, we students should use them in a correct way.A. less and less B. fewer and fewer C. more and more【答案】C【详解】句意:随着社会和科技的开展,智能手机似乎越来越普及。但是,我们学生应正确地使用 它们。考查形容词比拟级的应用。“比拟级+and+比拟级”或“more and more+形容词原级”表示事物本身程度 的逐渐增长,意为“越来越, less and less越来越少, fewer and fewer越

47、来越少,more andmore越来越;根据With the development of the society and technology.”可知,社会和科技都开展了,所以智能手机这类科技应是越来越普及。应选C。17. (经典真题)一I talked with my little uncle on the computer last night.The Internet makes theworld .A. small and small B. smaller and smaller C. small and smaller D. smaller and small【答案】B【详解】句意:我昨晚和我的小叔叔在网上聊天了。网络让世界变得越来越小了。考查形容词比拟级的用法。“越来越.”英语表达是“比拟级+and+比拟级”;根据句意可知此处要 表

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