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1、专题14构词法（基础小题狂练+语法填空+短文改错：限时40分钟）班级：姓名：Exercise 1单句语法填空l.My neighbour is his new house. The makes much noise every day. (decorate)2,Fm not saying it because you rejected me and hurt my feelings (terrible).3.And day after day, the once beautiful river has turned into a (smell) dustbin.4.Since then, th
2、ere has been no (office) communication with the kidnappers(绑架者).5.It was (extreme) difficult to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machine.6 . Your ideas are very interesting, but we need (practice) suggestions to get us out of trouble.7 .Men and women have to sit in separate a
3、reasthe men with the bridegroom, and the women with the bride, atwedding(receive).8 .A(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.9 .He found he could no longer deal with his(demand) job.10.1 must make an(apologize) to him for not g
4、oing to his party.1 l.Some media the conflict was under control, but there has still been no official . (confirm)12., I thought I could adapt to the climate there.(initial).Even if you once again, it doesnt suggest that you are a . (fail).Kara*s phone has been ringing. We are really bored with the.
5、(frequent)13 .Due to a small fire, the office will be closed, but it will be open very soon, (temporary).When food had been to the villagers, they complained that its was not fair, (distribute).Seeing the cat killed in the, the little girl trembled. (violent).The great united the small states into a
6、 powerful . (empire)18 .Her face was covered with , which made it look rather than usual, (dirty).Though with feet, the girl felt a bit cold, (bare)语要用形容词，本句中所用词用于修饰人，要用形容词pleasedo这是不寻常的一她通常开门,微笑着迎着我回家。根据下一句中的welcomes”可知，要用一般现在时。故填openso分析句子Mum said(sad)”可知,本句的sad为形容词，在本句中修饰动词，修饰动词要用副词。故要用副词 sadly,故
7、填 sadly o根据时间状语A month ago,”可知，要用一般过去时，故填buy的过去式boughto她总是喜欢坐在郁金香旁边,享受郁金香的(its)漂亮色彩和香味。是花的(its)颜色和香味，故填itso分析句子可知，本句中的give是表示目的的。故要用动词不定式。句意:她把郁金香放在窗前，把它从一个 地方移到另一个地方，目的是给它足够的阳光。因此要用动词不定式to giveo她每天早上起床的第一件事就是给郁金香浇水。分析句子可知，是起床之后，会给花浇水，故填when / aftero 她希望在她细心的照顾下，郁金香会变得越来越美丽。with great care为习惯搭配，意为“非
8、常小心，小心翼 翼”。故填witho她希望在她细心的照顾下，郁金香会变得越来越美丽。但是郁金香因为阳光、水和肥料太多而濒临死亡。 分析这两句可知，二者为转折，故填Bute分析句子可知,系动词be后面缺少表语，而harm为动词，故要用形容词harmful作表语，故填harmfuloExercise 3短文改错答案:My friend Wang Le and I planned to travel together. We agreed to - at the train station. The station wasmeetw q senterfilled with passengers wh
9、o - walking in a hurry toward the to the station. It took me aboutwereentranceni i /? ii tcq n d20 to get in. When the time came for check-in, I phoned Wang, -he didnt answer. After waiting formin utesb u I a quarter, still didnt show up. Time was running out ef, and I had to make a move myself. Jus
10、t when T washelplessgoing through the gate, there came a familiar voice一right before the gate was closed! He rushed in andhelplesslyexplained to me that he had overslept, making him run all way. ih(解析:1. meetingmeet【解析】考查非谓语动词。agree后接的to是不定式结构，要用动词原形。2. waswere【解析】考查主谓一致。定语从句中的who指代的是passengers,要用复数
11、的wee。3. enter entrance【解析】考查名词。此处前面是the,故用名词形式。4. minute-minutes【解析】考查名词单复数。此处前面是20,名词要用复数形式。5. and-but【解析】考查连词。根据句意，此处是转折关系。5.1- he【解析】考查人称代词。此处是指“我”的朋友Wang没有出现,而不是“我，去掉out后的of【解析】考查固定搭配。run out of需接宾语,而后面无宾语，故of多余。7. helpless-helplessly【解析】考查副词。此处要用副词形式作状语。8. overslept前加had【解析】考查时态。“睡过头”是发生在“解释”之前
12、的动作，故要用过去完成时。lO.a-the【解析】考查冠词。all the way是固定搭配，意为“一路上，一直”。21 .The pretty girl looked , and no one could match with her . (elegant).He the skills required for the job, so we didnt admit him into our group due to of interest. (lack).My daughter described what she had heard and seen in the wildlife zoo
13、. (vivid)22 .My boss me to work overtime every day, and I had an to hit him. (urge).They are discussing how to build up a (power) government.23 .But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its(wonder).27 .(compare) with letters, e-mails are more convenient in c
14、ommunication nowadays.28 .Children are allowed much more (free) these days.29 .They fought a long battle against prejudice and (ignorant).30 .South Africa has submitted an (apply) to host the World Cup.31 l.He took a very (science) approach to management.32 .We moved into a cabin with (electric) hut
15、 no running water.33 .He remained the most popular (politic) in Arkansas.34 .The buildings have been designed to blend in with their (surround).35 .The authors(intend) is to keep everyone guessing until the bitter end.36 .His only chance of(survive)was a heart transplant.37 .Another argument against
16、 television is that it replaces reading as a form of(entertain).38 .Join us to taste a(various) of fresh local food and drinks.39 .Since most students are in need of a nap, proper(arrange) should be made so that students can have a good rest after a whole mornings hard work.40 .They believe the civi
17、lisation of a city can be judged by peoples(aware) of animal protection.41 .While I have only listed two of each, there are(obvious) many other situations that can arise.42 .The people in the hall seemed very nosy, keeping their eyes on me with(curious).43 .There are energy savings to be made from a
18、ll(recycle) materials, sometimeshuge savings.44 .Operators said the dark spot is about two times the(long) of the United States.45 .If she had been aware that the mushrooms were(poison), she would not have picked them for dinner.46 .Both locally and (global) , the continued spread of full-sun coffee
19、 plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.47 .However, the two zookeepers didn*t want to see the(extinct) of this precious species.48 .There are many ways to increase(agriculture) efficiency in the poorer areas of the world.49 .The(disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily c
20、aused by astronomical incidents.50 .The title will be(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.51 .This kind of soil is not (suit) for growing peanuts.52.It is essential to get good(profession) advice.53.The method is(specific) designed for use in small groups.54.1 think it was that they should
21、 have been aware of the of the rules, (significance)55.In the experiment, we want to know the data, so you must assure the . (accurate)1 am beginning to feel embarrassed at my complete(ignore) of world history.57 .This kind of soil is not(suit) for growing peanuts.58 .It is(legal) to drive after dri
22、nking alcohol in our country.59 .The fish is a bit(smell). We cant eat it.60 .(unfortunate), Chaplin and his friend didnt find any gold but were caught in a snowstorm.61 .The(fly) was cancelled as a result of the terrible weather.62 .His(careless) resulted in his failure in the math contest.Exercise
23、 2 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或使用括号中单词的正确形式。Whats the matter, Mum?As soon as I entered the door, I found that my mother was not (please). It was unusual 一 she usually (open) the door and welcomes me with a smile!Shes dying, Mum said (3)(sad). I knew what she said. The tulip (郁金香)，my mothers favo
24、rite, is dying.A month ago, we moved into our new house and Mum (buy) a very beautiful tulip in a flower shop. Mum liked it very much. Whenever she was free, she would sit in her armchair beside the tulip and enjoy (it) beautiful colour and nice smell.She regarded the tulip as a baby and looked afte
25、r it carefully. She put the tulip by the window and moved it from one place to another (give) enough sunshine to it. The first thing she did she got up every morning was to water the tulip. Mum also fertilized it many times.She hoped that great care, the tulip would become more and more beautiful.th
26、e tulip was dying because of too much sunshine, water and fertilizer.Its true that mother loved the tulip. But this kind of love must be (harm).Too much love can sometimes kill what you love.Exercise 3短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)
27、,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2,只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。My friend Wang Le and I planned to travel together. We agreed to meeting at the train station. The station was filled with passengers who was walking in a hurry toward the enter to the station. It to
28、ok me about 20 minute to get in. When the time came for check-in, I phoned Wang, and he didnt answer. After waiting for a quarter, I still didnt show up. Time was running out of, and I had to make a move myself. Just when I was going through the gate helpless, there came a familiar voice一right befor
29、e the gate was closed! He rushed in and explained to me that he overslept, making him run all a way.参考答案Exercise 1单句语法填空.答案：decorating ； decoration.答案：terribly解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用terrible的副词形式修饰动词“hurt”，意为“非常地，很厉害地”。 故填 terribly。2 .答案：smelly解析：考查形容词。句意为：日复一日，这条曾经美丽的河流已经变成了发臭的垃圾桶。此处应用形容词 修饰名词dustbin
30、，smelly意为”有臭味的，有难闻气味的”，符合句意。故填smelly。3 .答案：official解析：考查形容词。句意为：从那时起，便没有了与绑架者（进行）的官方的沟通。此处应用形容词修饰 名词communication。故填official。4 .答案：extremely解析：此空并不是系动词was后的表语，作表语的是difficult,空格处所填的词修饰difficult,故应填副词。注 意以e结尾的形容词转换为副词的拼写规律:除以le结尾的形容词和true等以“元音字母+e”结尾的词外，其他 都是直接加ly,不能去e。5 .答案：practical解析：此处表示可是我们需要切实可行
31、的建议帮我们脱离困境，故此处用practice的形容词形式practical 作定语修饰名词suggestionso因为有些考生对need doings need to be done结构比较熟悉，故容易忽视语境 而误填practicing。6 .答案：receptions解析：考查名词。句意：在婚宴上，男人和女人必须坐在不同的地方一新郎这边坐的是男人，新娘这边坐 的是女人。根据areas可知，空格处应该用名词复数，分析句子成分可知，此处at wedding receptions是地点 状语，意为在婚礼宴会上”。故填receptions。7 .答案：retired答案：demanding.答案
32、:apology解析：此处是一个固定短语，make an apology to sb,向某人道歉，所以需要apologize的名词形式，即apology.8 .答案：confirmed, confirmation.答案：Initially.答案：fail, failure.答案：frequently, frequency9 .答案：temporarily.答案:distributed, distribution.答案：violence, violently.答案：emperor, empire10 .答案：dirt, dirtier.答案：bare, barely.答案：elegant, el
33、egance.答案：lacked, lack11 .答案：vividly.答案：urged, urge.答案：powerful解析：修饰名词government应用形容词，根据句意可知此处表示“强大的，故填powerful。12 .答案：wonderful解析：句意：然后我们收到了官方的来信，我们大吃一惊，我们为她骄傲。那太棒了。根据句子结构可知，在 系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderfulo.答案：Compared解析：句意:和信件相比，如今电子邮件更方便交流。分析句子结构可知,compare与句子主语e-mails构成逻辑 上的动宾关系，故填Comparedo13 .答案：
34、freedom解析：句意为:现在，孩子们被给予了更多的自由。句中的allow是双宾动词,用法为allow sb sth,故此处应使 用名词形式freedom o.答案：ignorance解析：句意为:他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。句中and表示并列,连接的是名词prejudice和设空处, 故此处应使用名词形式ignorance。14 .答案:application解析：句意为:南非已经提交了举办世界杯的申请。此处应使用名词形式作宾语。15 .答案:scientific解析：句意为:他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法。此处应使用形容词来修饰名词approacho.答案:electricity解
35、析：句意为:我们搬进了一间有电但是没有自来水的小木屋。此处应使用名词作介词with的宾语。16 .答案：politician解析：句意为:他仍是阿肯色州最受喜爱的政治家。此处前有形容词popular修饰且指He,应使用名词 politician o.答案：surroundings解析:句意为:这些建筑物设计巧妙,与周围环境浑然一体。表示“环境;周围的事物”时应使用名词surroundings, 且其为复数形式。17 .答案：intention解析：句意为:这位作者的意图是在最终悲痛的结尾前让所有人都猜不透。此处应使用名词作主语。18 .答案：survival解析：句意为:只有进行心脏移植，他才
36、有机会活下去。此处应用名词作介词of的宾语。19 .答案：entertainment解析：句意为:另一个反对电视的论据说，它作为一种消遣的形式替代了阅读。a form of意为“一种的形 式”，后面要接名词作宾语，故填entertainmento.答案:variety解析：句意为:加入我们，一起来尝一尝各种各样的当地的新鲜食物和饮料。a variety of意为“各种各样的”, 相当于形容词various o20 .答案：arrangements解析：设空处在句中作主语，应用名词,arrangement作“安排，准备”讲时为可数名词，且常用复数形式。故填 arrangements o.答案：a
37、wareness解析：句意为:他们认为一个城市的文明可以通过人们保护动物的意识来评价。设空处作介词by的宾语，应 用名词，故填awareness o21 .答案：obviously解析：句意为:尽管我只分别列出了两个，但显然还有很多其他的情况可能出现。此处要用obvious的副词形 式obviously修饰be动词are。22 .答案：curiosity解析：句意为:大厅里的人们似乎非常爱管闲事，一直好奇地看着我。介词with后应用名词作宾语。23 .答案：recyclable解析：句意为:所有可回收的材料都可以节省能源,有时被节省下来的能源量是巨大的。此处需要形容词，修饰 空后的materi
38、als,表示“可回收的材料”，故填形容词recyclableo.答案：length解析：句意为:操作员表示，这个黑斑大约有横跨整个美国的长度的两倍长。此处考查倍数的表达:“A + be + 倍数+ the +名词+ of+ B”,意为“A是B在某个方面的多少倍”，故填length。24 .答案：poisonous解析：句意为:要是她之前意识到了蘑菇是有毒的，那么她就不会把它们摘下来当晚餐了。此处应用形容词, 表示“有毒的”，与空前的be动词构成系表结构，故填poisonouso.答案:globally解析：句意为:但无论是从当地还是从全球来看，全日照咖啡园的持续扩张都可能意味着对热带雨林生态的
39、破 坏。此处修饰后面的句子，应用副词，同时根据and前的locally也可知应填副词。25 .答案：extinction解析：句意为:然而，这两名动物园管理员不愿意看到这种珍贵物种的灭绝。此处作see的宾语，应用名词，故填extinction o.答案:agricultural解析：句意为:人们有许多可以提高世界较贫困地区农业效能的方法。agriculture意为“农业;此处需要形容 词，修饰空后的efficiency（效率;效能），故填agriculturalo.答案：disappearance解析：句意为:恐龙的灭绝并不一定是由天文方面的事件导致的。disappear是动词，此处应填名词,
40、作主语，故 填 disappearance,意为“消失”。26 .答案：officially解析：句意为:这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上被正式授予我。此处需要填入副词,修饰句子的谓语部分will be given to,故填officially,表示“官方地;正式地”。27 .答案:suitable解析：句意：这种土壤不适合种植花生。be suitable for意为“适合.答案：professional解析：句意为:获得好的专业建议是非常重要的。设空处修饰后面的名词advice,需填形容词。28 .答案：specifically解析：句意为:这个方法是专为小组使用而设计的。设空处修饰动词des
41、igned,需用副词。29 .答案：significant, significance.答案：accurate, accuracy.答案：ignorance解析：考查名词。句意:我开始因自己对世界历史的一无所知感到尴尬。根据空前形容词complete及空后介 词of可知,本空应用名词ignorance“无知30 .答案：suitable解析：考查形容词。句意:这种土壤不适合种植花生。本空在句中作表语,故应用形容词suitable“适合的”。besuitable fbr适合.答案：illegal解析：考查形容词。句意:在我们国家,酒后开车是违法的。本空在句中作表语，根据句意可知,本空应用形容词i
42、llegal违法的工.答案:smelly解析：考查形容词。句意:这条鱼有点儿臭了。我们不能吃它了。本空在句中作表语，根据空前a bit可知，本 空应用形容词smelly“有臭味的工31 .答案：Unfortunately解析：考查副词。句意:不幸的是,卓别林和他的朋友没找到任何金子，却遇上了暴风雪。本空位于句首修饰整 个句子，故应用副词;根据句意可知，本空应用副词Unfortunately“不幸地”。32 .答案：flight解析：考查名词。句意油于糟糕的天气，这次航班被取消了。本空在句中作主语，故应用名词flight“航班”。33 .答 案：carelessness解析：考查名词。句意:他的粗心导致了他在数学竞赛中的失败。本空在句中作主语，故应用名词carelessness“粗心Exercise 2 语法填空答案：pleased opens sadly bought its to give when / after with But harmful解析：分析句子I found that my mother was not（please）可知,本句中的动词please在句子中作表语，作表