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1、小学英语时态讲解一、现在进行时1意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。2构成 : be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词 -ing 形式肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词 V-ing (+ 其他) I m doing my homework now .否定句：主语 +be+not+动词-ing + 其他. Im not doing my homework now.一般疑问句： Be+主语+动词-ing + 其他？Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not . 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +be+主语+动词-i
2、ng+ 其他？ What are you doing now ? 3. 现在分词的构成：（1）一般在动词末尾直接加ing, （2）以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，先去掉e, 再加 ing ，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have having ride riding come coming（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jog
3、ging sitting getting forgetting letting 4. 时间标志 now ，句前的 look ,listen 二、一般现在时1. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态2. 构成及变化（1）.be 动词的变化。肯定句：主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语 + be + not +其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如
4、： Where is my bike? （2）. 行为动词的变化。 A 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do 肯定句：主语 +动词原形 (+其它) 。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语 + dont+ 动词原形 (+其它) 。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句： Do +主语+动词原形 +其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +以 do
5、开头的一般疑问句？如： What do you often do after school ? B 当主语为第三人称单数时, 助动词为 does 肯定句：主语 +动词三单式 (+其它) 。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语 + doesnt+动词原形 (+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句： Does +主语 +动词原形 +其它。如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +以 does 开头的一般疑问句？如： How does your father go to wor
6、k? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - 3第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1) 多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs.(2) 结尾是 s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母 , 结尾加 es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brus
7、hes (3) 动 词 末 尾y 前 为 辅 音 : 将y改 为i加es: study studies fly flies carry carries crycries但在 y 前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says 4时间标志： always , usually , often , sometimes ,every三、一般过去时1、意义 : 表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ) last night (week, month, year),a mome
8、nt ago , a week ago, three years ago just now, 2构成及变化（1）.Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。 （was not=wasnt ）are 在一般过去时中变为were。 （were not=weren t ）带有 was或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在was或were 后加 not ，一般疑问句把was或 were 调到句首。（2）. 行为动词在一般过去时中的变化肯定句 ： 主语+动词的过去式 . I watched a film last Sunday .
9、 否定句：主语+ didn t + 动词原形 . I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑问句： Did + 主语 +动词原形 ? 如：Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑问句：疑问词 +以 did 开头的一般疑问句 ? 如： What did you do last Sunday ? 3. 动词过去式变化规则：A.规则动词的过去式(1) 一般在动词原形末尾加ed helped ，looked , played, worked , listened(2) 结尾是辅音字
10、母不发音的e，加 d lived hoped use-used like - liked tasted loved closed (3) 双写末尾的字母 , 再加 ed stop-stopped plan-planned (4) 结尾是辅音字母 +y , 先变“y”为“i ”, 再加 ed study-studied carry -carried cry - cried try-tried B.动词过去式的读音规则(1) 在轻辅音后加 ed 读轻辅音 /t/ asked cooked worked looked talked picked watched passed jumped helpe
11、d surfed (2) 在浊辅音及元音后加ed 读浊辅音 /d/ lived listened closed opened stayed watered played (3) 在/t/ /d/之后读 /id/ started wanted needed tasted collected C.不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, go-went, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, swim-swam, sit-sat get-got, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12、- - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, read-read, make-made, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, find-found tell-told stand-stood think-thought buy-bought teach-
13、taught 四、一般将来时1、. 意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow , soon , next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening2、. 构成及变化一般将来时常用的两种结构be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。shall will+ 动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况， 没有太多的计划性 , 还用来表示意愿A. be going to +动词原形(1
14、). 肯定句 主语+ be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形 +其它成份 My sister is going to learn English next year.我姐姐准备明年学英语。(2). 否定句主语+be（am / is / are）not going to +动词原形 +其它成份 I am not going to（go to ）the cinema tonight.我今天晚上不打算去看电影。(3). 一般疑问句Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+ 动词原型 +其它成份?Is your father going to play b
15、asketball with you ?No , he isnt.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。(4). 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 (Wh-)+一般疑问句 ? Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.?春节你打算在哪过？(5). 注意: be going to结构后面习惯上不跟 go ， come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如 : He s going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约 . B. will /shall +动词原形（在书面语中，主语是第一人称时，常用shall ,在口语中，所有人称都可以用
16、will ）(1). 肯定句主语+will/shall+动词原形 +其它成份 I (shall) write to him next week.下周我将给他写信。(2). 否定句 主语 + will /shall+ not +动词原形 +其它成份They wont watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。(3). 一般疑问句will/shall+主语 +动词原形 +其它成份Will you stay at home with us tomorrow？ 明天你和我们呆在家里好吗？(4). 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 (Wh-) + 一般疑问句When will your fa
17、ther be back?你爸爸什么时侯回来？3 、 Shall I /we 常用来征求对方意见，而问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请，常用Will you ?他们的回答比较灵活。（1） Shall we go to the park ? 肯定 Sure , lets go . 否定 No , lets go to the cinema. (2). Will you please come to my birthday party next week ? 肯定 Yes, I will. / Sure . 否定 I m sorry. Im afraid I cant.4、时间标志： tomorr
18、ow , soon , next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - 英语时态练习（ 用适当形式填空）1. He _ back a month ago. (come) 2. My mother often tells me _ in bed. (not read) 3. I must t
19、ake it back the day after tomorrow. You can only _ it for 24 hours. (keep) 4. Why have you kept me _ here for so long a time? (wait) 5. Please come to our meeting if you _ free tomorrow. (be) 6. She _ to the Great Wall several times. (go) 7. In his letter, he said that he _ us very much. (miss) 8. T
20、he film _ for nearly fifteen minutes when I got to the cinema. (be) 9. He said he became _ in physics. (interest) 10. This film is worth _. (see) 11. He went to school instead of _ home. (go) 12. In the old days it was difficult for the poor to _ a job. ( find) 13. Its cold outside, so youd better _
21、 your coat. (put on) 14. He is hungry. Please give him something _. (eat) 15. Please dont waste time _ TV every evening. You should word hard at English. (watch) 16. We found the window _. (break) 17. You have dropped your pencil. _. (拾起它 ) 18. Mother often tells me _ too late. (not come home) 19. Y
22、ou had better _ by bus, or you will be late. (go) 20. I will _ Li Ming the good news as soon as I see him.( tell) 21. Great changes _ in our country since 1978. (take place) 22. I _ my daughter since last month. (hear from) 23. It _ me two days to write the article. (took) 24. Dont touch that _ chil
23、d. (sleep) 25. Every time he tried to start the car, the wheels _ deepersintosthe mud. (sink) 26. When I got home, I found that my room _ breaksintosand a lot of things _. (steal) 27. If I had arrived there earlier, I _ him. (meet)28. I didnt remember _ her the book before. (give) 29. He called at every door, _ people the exciting news. (tell) 30. Yesterday Mary couldnt finish her homework, so she has to go on _ it this afternoon. (do) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -