《大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习(最新)(10页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习(最新)(10页).doc（10页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、-大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型匹配题练习(最新)-第 10 页大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型匹配题练习1Caring for elderly parents catches many unpreparedA Last July, Julie Baldocchi，s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasnt prepared for. “I was flying by the seat o
2、f my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldnt handle her mothers care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasnt willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents home cr
3、eated other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldnt do it all,” she says. “But I didnt even know how to find help.”B With help from the Family Caregiv
4、er Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, youre never ready for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mothers stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide f
5、amily caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.C While many parents lack an advance care directive, its the most basic and important step they
6、can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on anothers behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical tre
7、atment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “Its invaluable for the kids, because its hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser D
8、ubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the cour
9、t to be appointed the parents legal guardian, says AgingC.D Its important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents，preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But its not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes
10、 suspicious of their childrens financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decis
11、ions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In
12、February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.E Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesnt pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private
13、 room at a nursing home in 2011 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home. F Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities g
14、enerally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, its not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isnt covered by Medicaid.G If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to
15、stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi
16、put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.H Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parents finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant
17、and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mothers home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasnt able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no children. “I always knew that this was the role t
18、hat I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,” says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. “When you get into the trenches, its literally baptism by fire,” she says. “New things come up. Its not just abou
19、t advance planning for finances or medical care. Its everything,” she says.I Caregivers need to also watch their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout, ” Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study on working careg
20、ivers by MetLife. “Its a hard job,” Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always there for me when I needed a helping hand. Its only natural that I be here for her now.”46. When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending t
21、hem to an adult care facility.47. To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their childrens financial motives.48. Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.49. The difference between
22、a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment.50. Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.51. Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday
23、activities in the USA in 2009.52. If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.53. Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed.54. One will have to petition the court to be the parents legal
24、guardian, if there is no advance directive.55. The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid. 答案与解析Section B46. G。题干意为，当上了年纪的父母住在家里不安全时，他们的孩子可以改变他们的家，而不是将他们送 到成人看护中心去。注意抓住题干中的关键词live at home safely和adult care facility。文章段落中，G段提 到了上了年纪的父母住在家里不安全和成人看
25、护中心的内容，该段第二至四句提到，如果上了年纪的父 母住在家里不再安全，对于孩子来说将他们送到成人看护中心也很难，不过有另外一种选择可以改 变他们的家以适合他们在那里度过晚年。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为G。47. D。题干意为，谈论长期护理问题并不容易，因为有时老年人会怀疑自己孩子有金钱方面的动机。注意 抓住题干中的关键词talk about long-term care、suspicious of和financial motives。文章段落中，D段提到了 谈论长期护理和老年人会怀疑自己孩子的内容，该段前三句指出，家庭成员谈论长期护理问题是很重要 的，这样才能了解父母的喜好和
26、意愿等，但是这并不容易，有时候父母会怀疑子女有金钱方面的动机。由 此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为D。48. H。题干意为，除了提前进行资金和医疗方面的规划，家庭护理人员还有其他许多责任。注意抓住题干 中的关键词planning for finances or medical care和many other responsibilities。文章段落中，H 段首先就提到 了家庭护理人员要承担许多责任，该段最后指出，家庭护理不仅仅要提前做好资金和医疗规划，一切问题 都要考虑到。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为H。49. C。题干意为，永久授权书和医疗保健代理委托书的区别在于，后
27、者允许某人做出有关医疗方面的决定。 注意抓住题干中的关键词a durable power of attorney和a health care proxy。文章段落中，只有C段提到了 这两个专有名词，该段第二句指出，护理指示应该包含a durable power of attorney、a health care proxy和a living will。在介绍health care proxy时提到，它与durable power of attorney相似，只是它允许某人做出有关医?疗方面的决定。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为C。50. A。题干意为，Baldocchi不想将母亲送
28、到疗养院，但是她又很难照顾她。注意抓住题干中的关键词 Baldocchi和nursing home。文章段落中，有几段都提到了 Baldocchi,但是提到她不想将母亲送往疗养院但 自己照顾母亲又有困难的只有A段。题干内容是对原文第一段的总结，故答案为A。51. B。题干意为，2009年，美国有超过4200万护理人员帮忙照料成年人的日常生活。题干中的关键词为Over 42 million caregivers和help an adult with everyday activities。文章段落中，B段倒数第三句提到 了 More than 42 million Americans provi
29、de family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities,其中 More than 42 million和daily activities分别与题干中的Over 42 million和everyday activities为同义互换。故答案为B。52. D。题干意为，如果一个家庭需要解决纠纷的信息或帮助，他们可以向很多人求助。注意抓住题干中的关 键词sort out disagreements和call on。文章段落中，D段倒数第二句提到，如果一些家庭需要解决纠纷的信息或 者帮助，他们可以向老年法律师、金融规
30、划师、老年人护理经理和护理人员组织求助。由此可知，题干是对 原文的同义转述，故答案为D。53. I。题干意为，家庭护理人员应该注意自己的身体健康，否则他们可能会累垮或者变得心情抑郁。注意抓 住题干中的关键词their own health、burn out和depressed。文章段落中，提到要护理人员注意自己身体的是I 段，该段前三句指出，家庭护理人员也要注意自己的身体，有的时候护理者可能会累垮。对年龄在50岁及以 上的女性护理人员的调查显示，有20%的人称自己有抑郁症状。由此可知，题干是对原文这三句话的同义转 述，故答案为I 。题干中的 pay attention to their own
31、 health和原文中的 watch their own health对应。54. C。题干意为，如果没有提前准备一份护理说明，那么想成为父母的合法监护人需要向法庭申请。注意 抓住题干中的关键词petition the court、parents legal guardian和no advance directive。本题比较简单，这几个关 键词均在文章C 段中直接出现，该段最后一句提到，Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parents leg
32、al guardian。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案 为 C。55. F。题干意为，2011年，全国生活协助的平均花费为39，135美元，而且这项花费也不在医疗补助计划的范 围之内。注意抓住题干中的关键词2011、$39，135和Medicaid。本题也比较容易，扫读全文，可以发现在F 段出现了2011和$39，135这两个关键词，并且后面也提到生活协助并不包含在医疗补助计划之内。由此可 知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为F。 练习2Beauty and Body Image in the MediaA Images of female bodies are everywhere
33、. Womenand their body partssell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Womens magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pou
34、nds, theyll have it allthe perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.B Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal d
35、ifficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. And its no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight, for sure theyre all aging, says the Q
36、uebec Action Network for Womens Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.C The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimat
37、ed that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90% to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight). On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, los
38、s of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.D The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight controlincluding fasting, skipping meals, excessive e
39、xercise, laxative (泻药)abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Womens Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conduct
40、ed by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of di
41、eting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activ
42、ist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight.” E Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but
43、 a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowe
44、l. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea (慢性腹泻)and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls w
45、ho seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.F Researchers report that womens magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles
46、promoting weight loss than mens magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of womens magazines include at least one message about how to change a womans bodily appearanceby diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a wo
47、mans worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about
48、wearing a sack?，)，and 80 percent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.G There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck (才氐制，反抗)the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the worlds biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thin models were banned from