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1、甘肃省天水市田家炳中学2021-2022学年高二上学期第一阶 段考试英语试卷第I卷（选择题）一、单项选择（15分）How many nationalities our country?A. is; consisted ofB. does; make upC. is; made fromD. does; consist of1. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training center with her sister she wouldstay for an hour.A. whereB. whichC. whoD. whatW
2、hen she woke up, she realized that the things she had dreamt about could not havehappened.A. possiblyB. likelyC. hardlyD. usuallyBeing younger and thinner, she can cat super big hamburgers,I have to give up in the interest of my weight.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. whichNo matter how busy he is, Tom makes
3、a rule to see his grandparents every weekend.A. thisB. thatC. itD. himWhen the factoiy closes,will mean 7,000 workers will be out of work.A. whichB. itC. whatD. theymakes this shop different is that it offers more personal services .A. WhatB. WhateverC. WhoD. WhoeverNeither I nor Amy to attend the b
4、usiness conference if we are busy.A. wasB. wereC. isD. areThe experiment, though they had tried their best,to be a failure.A. turned upB. turned outC. turned inD. turned on2. The girl was lucky enough to the bad men and ran away.A. break away B. break away fromC. break out D. break into from51. A. s
5、ameB. strangeC.uniqueD.unusual52. A. repliedB. addedC.remindedD.thought53. A. braverB. shorterc.youngerD.cleverer54. A. powerB. qualityc.favorD.difficulty55. A. differentlyB. proudlyc.calmlyD.kindly第II卷(非选择题)五.短语互译(15分)56.得出结论 57.讲得通，有意义 58.对.严格的59清扫 60.力口速 61.挣脱，脱离62.省去，遗漏 63.to ones credit-64.apar
6、t from65consist of 66.break down67. take the placeof68.lose sight of 69.slide into 70.contribute to.语法填空(15分)When you step into a new environment, you might have some difficulty in fitting in. Here are some tips 71. might help you.Be confident. You are unique in this world. Spend some time thinking
7、about your 72.(strengthen) and you will be able to build up confidence step by step.Be kind to everyone. Kindness is the bridge to your own happiness. Always give more than you receive, and think more of others than of 73(you). A person who cares fbr others is popular everywhere.Be active in group a
8、ctivities. 74(vary) activities like playing football can help you to be known 75二 others. You may add more friends to your circle. At the same time, youll be amazed 76. (see) how much they like you.Be optimistic. Optimism 77(make) both you and others feel pleased. It helps you make 78-good first imp
9、ression. A pleasant smile costs the 79 (little) but does the most. If you follow the suggestions 80(mention) above, you will be accepted by people around you. And you will fit in very well and enjoy your new life.六 .短文改错(10分).假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除
10、或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Hello, everyone! I would like to share my travel experience for you.Last summer, ours school had an exchange programme with an American school, but I took part in it with many cla
11、ssmates.We stay at host families, that gave us an opportunity to learn more about America.The main part of our programme was to experience the school life in the America.Compare with Chinese students, American students were very open and active.Besides, they had less homeworks and fewer exains.Durin
12、g the visit, I made friends with some American students, who were very interesting in Chinese culture.I think the programme is of great benefit to us as well the American students.八、书面表达（25分）.假设你是校学生会主席李华，学校安排你下周末作为导游带着外籍教师Mr. Smith进行一 次近郊游。请你用英语给Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件，包括以下内容：1 .自我介绍；.出游的时间、目的地等信息；2 .需要提前
13、做的准备工作。要求：1.词数100左右:2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mr. Smith,Yours sincerely,Li Hua高二英语参考答案1. D2. A3. A4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C9. BIO. Bll. B12. D13. A14. A15. C 16. A17. B18. A19. D20. D21. C22. A23. D24. C25. A26. A27. A28. B29. B30. C31.A32.E33.F34.C35.G36.B37.C38.A39.B40.C4I.D42.D43.A44. B45. C46. A47. D48.
14、A49.D50.C51.A52.B53.C54.A55.D56-70 略that / which71. strength(s)yourself72. Variousto73. to seemakes74. aleast75. Mentioned67. Dear Mr. Smith,It is my honor to introduce myself to you. Tm Li Hua, Chainnan of the Student Union of our school. And I was asked to act as a tourist guide for you on next we
15、ekend. The schedule and details are as follows：Well have a wondcrfiil and well-organized trip, not far from the downtown. Since you arc new here, you will be amazed at the scenery and surroundings there. In terms of the meeting time, 8 oclock on the morning of Saturday will be fine. And at that time
16、, I will be waiting fbr you at the school gate. Remember not to take too many things. Just a bottle of water, some pieces of bread or other kinds of food, a cap or a pair of sunglasses will be enough. Also, youd better wear a pair of sports shoes.Looking forward to seeing you. I believe well have a
17、good day.Yours SincerelyLi Hua11. When to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous oranxious.A.exposeB.exposedC.to exposeD.exposing12. to get a ticket for the concert, George has been standing in a queue for two hours.A.DeterminingB.To be determinedC.To determineD.De
18、termined13. The old woman sat in her favourite chair and with her eyeson the window.A.fixedB.fixingC.to be fixedD.to be fixing14. My grandmother is over 90 years old,loss of memory.A.suffering fromB.suffered fromC.to suffer fromD.suffer from15. Your bike needs right now.A. to repairB. repairedC. rep
19、airingD. having repaired二、阅读理解（30分）Incredible Women You Didnt Learn About in History ClassHere are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should Maria Sibylla MerianBorn in Germany in 1647. Merian was fascinated by insects, and she began collecting, studying, and drawing them wh
20、en she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It was through her studycaterpillars（毛毛虫）ihai shediscovered the truth about their life cycles. Her work provided major contributions to the field of entomology （昆虫学）。 Murasaki ShikibuMurasaki Sh
21、ikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the worlds first novelist. She was a noble woman living in Japan around the year 10（X） AD. She wrote a two-part novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a common man.
22、The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature. Ada LovelaceAda was working to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she also was first to suggest that thes
23、e computers might be able to do more than, well, calculate. She imagined them doing everything, from producing images to composing music. Lucy StoneBorn in 1818, Stone married a fellow activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held (he belief that a wife should n
24、o more take her husbands name than hers. She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery.16. What can readers learn about from The Tale of
25、 Genji?A. Ancient Japanese culture.B. Development of computer.C. Research on living things.D. Modern life of Japanese women.17. What do Maria Sibylla Merian and Ada Lovelace have in common?A. They were pioneers in computer.B. They devoted themselves to science.C. They created masterpieces of literat
26、ure.D. They made progress in studying InsectsWhich of the following women fought for human rights?A. Lucy StoneB. Ada LovelaceC. Murasaki ShikibuD. Maria Sibylla MerianAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the
27、home is very important of course. However, being forced lo recycle often means we already have more material (han we need. We are dealing with (he results of that over-consummion in ihe greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not bring so much material home in the first place.The
28、 total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK. for exampl
29、e, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a seriou
30、s problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a tew of (hem are coming round to the idea that (his cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have
31、learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us rec
32、ycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.18. What does the underlined word over-consumption/z refer to?A. Using too much packaging.B. Recycling too much waste.C. M
33、aking more products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.19. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteihe increase of packaging recyclingB. the rapid growth of supermarketsthe fact of packaging overuse20. What can be inferred from Para
34、graph 4?A. Unpackagcd products arc of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products arc better packaged than food.21. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.B. Needless material is most
35、ly recycled.C. People like collecting recyclable waste.D. The author is proud of his consumer culture.Have you ever wondered when dogs first became mans best friendz， and the worlds favourite pet? If you have then youre not alone. When and where dogs first began living side-by-side with humans are q
36、uestions that have stirred hot debate among scientists. There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated （驯养）by humans. They came to life some 15, 000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture.Beyond that, there
37、is little agreement. The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs and not wolves date from 14,000 years ago. However, 30,000-ycar-old skulls （头骨）have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves and that some scientists think could be dogs.With such puzzling evidence, many
38、 scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated. In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world. The plan is to compare them with those of wolves. Ifs even possible to analyse DNA from ancient b
39、ones. Tiny pieces of the 30,000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved （进化）from Asian wolves, not American ones.Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative th
40、an the DNA of living dogs. Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins. This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe o
41、r Africa.But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is （hat dogs domesticated themselves, originally living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out. Today, this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs world
42、wide.22. Which of (he following is the statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?A. They originally were used as farm animals.B. They evolved from wolves found in Europe.C. They helped the development of agriculture.D. They were the first animal to be trained by humans.23. Why does t
43、he writer first mention the 30.000-year-old animals skulls?A. To show that dogs were much larger in the past.B. To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.C. To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.D. To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.24. How did scientists dete
44、rmine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?A. By examining the animals, DNA.B. By analyzing the age of their bones.C. By studying the shape of their skulls.D. By comparing them with modern clogs.25. Why did dogs start living with humans?A. Because they were attracted by food.B. Because th
45、ey were trapped by humans.C. Because they couldnt survive in the wild.D. Because they were trained to protect the villages.Scientists have always been interested in the high level of organization in ant societies. American researchers have watched ants build life-saving rafts to keep afloat during f
46、loods. They also have recorded how ants choose their next queen the female whose job is to produce eggs.New technology is helping to improve researchers understanding of the insects. But there is still a lot to be learned.Fire ants living in Brazilian forests are perfectly at home in an environment
47、where flooding is common. To save themselves, the insects connect their legs together and create floating rafts. Some ant rafts can be up to 20 centimeters wide.David Hu is an engineer with the Georgia Institute of Technology, also known as GeorgiaTech, saying, If you have 100 ants, which means 600
48、legs, 99 percent of those legs will beconnected to a neighbor. So theyre very, very good at keeping this network.David Hu and other Georgia Tech researchers wanted to study ants and the secret of their engineering. They froze ant rafts and then looked at them with the help of computed technology, or CT images. The pictures showed that larger ants serve in central positions to which smaller ants hold. The larger ants create pockets of air that keep the insects afloat.Scientists say small robots or materials that can c