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1、-2008年12月大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析1-第 10 页2008年12月大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析(二)一、选词填空题第1题：To call something “marginal” means it is not very good. Farmers have their own way to1 marginal land: It is the last to be planted under good conditions, and has the2 to be avoided under poor conditions. Low 3 soil is not the only
2、reason land could be considered marginal. It might be in an area where rainfall is 4 or where a hillside might rise too steeply (陡峭地).There are uses for marginal land, however. Most often it is used as grassland. Grasses provide excellent5 for grazing(吃草)animals like cattle, sheep and goats. Grass s
3、eed can be bought from a foreign supplier or 6 grasses can be used. However, using marginal land for grazing is not a simple issue. There is a7 of overgrazing. Cattle can damage the crops by eating down to the roots. Also, the weight of the animals crushes the soil and can make it too hard for growi
4、ng. A(n) 8 way to reduce the harm is to move animals from one field to another. This method is known as rotational grazing (循环放牧)which is extremely important for marginal land.Another use for marginal land is for tree crops. Studies have 9 that the white pine and loblolly pine(火炬松)are two kinds of t
5、rees that grow well on such land. They grow fast and provide good quality wood. Another tree is the poplar(白杨),found in many parts of the world.Failure to take the care needed to protect marginal lands can make a bad situation worse.But good planning can10 a marginal resource into a highly productiv
6、e one.A)feed B) priority C) transplant D) effectiveE) limited F) define G) adequate H) transformI) discouraging J) quality K) native L) revealedM) prejudice N) hazard O) recovered【参考答案】：FBJEAKNDLH二、完型填空第2题：The term“quality of life”is difficult to define. It 1a very wide scope such as living environm
7、ent, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure and2 , and so on.3 speaking, the quality of life, especially as seen by the individual, is meaningful in 4 of the degree to which these various areas of life are 5 or provide satisfaction to the individual.
8、As activity carried 6 as one thinks fit during ones spare time, leisure has the following 7 : relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. The importance of these8 according to the nature of ones job and ones life-style. Thus, people who need to 9 much energy in their work wil
9、l find relaxation most 10 in leisure. Those with a better education and in professional occupations may11 more to seek recreation and personal development ( e.g.12 of skills and hobbies) in leisure.The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual.13 the same leisure activity may be u
10、sed differently by different individuals. Thus, the following are possible uses of television watching, a14 leisure activity, a change of experience to provide15 from the stress and 16 of work; to learn more about what is happening in ones environment; to provide an opportunity for understanding one
11、self by 17 other peoples life experiences as portrayed (描绘) in the programs. 18 leisure is basically self-determined, one is able to take 19 ones interests and preferences and get 20 in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.1. A) composes B) consistsC) covers D) constitutes2
12、. A) excursion B) reservationC) recognition D) recreation3. A) Basically B) GenerallyC) Primarily D) Frankly4. A) terms B) place C) means D) way5. A) adaptable B) approachableC) available D) agreeable6. A) out B) throughC) away D) off7. A) definitions B) identificationC) functions D) operations 8. A
13、) alters B) variesC) shifts D) changes9. A) provide B) hireC) consume D) exert 10. A) preferable B) desirableC) feasible D) rational11 A) tend B) preferC) select D) oblige12. A) training B) promotionC) nutrition D) cultivation13. A) Still B) YetC) Even D) So14. A) correct B) adequateC) precise D) pr
14、oper15. A) separation B) escapeC) flight D) isolation16. A) relief B) anxietyC) squeeze D) strain17. A) contrasting B) comparingC) matching D) measuring18. A) Although B) SinceC) Whether D) Therefore19. A) after B) onC) with D) to20. A) involved B) participatedC) attended D) employed1小题、【正确答案】：C2小题、
15、【正确答案】：D3小题、【正确答案】：B4小题、【正确答案】：A5小题、【正确答案】：C6小题、【正确答案】：A7小题、【正确答案】：C8小题、【正确答案】：B9小题、【正确答案】：C10小题、【正确答案】：B11小题、【正确答案】：A12小题、【正确答案】：D13小题、【正确答案】：C14小题、【正确答案】：C15小题、【正确答案】：B16小题、【正确答案】：D17小题、【正确答案】：B18小题、【正确答案】：B19小题、【正确答案】：D20小题、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无三、阅读理解第3题：Plastics are materials which are softened by he
16、at and set into lasting form when shaped in a mold. Some are natural; some are semisynthetic (半合成的), the result of chemical action on a natural substance; some are synthetic, built up from the constituents (成分) of oil or coal. All are based on the chemistry of carbon, with its capacity for forming c
17、hains. The molecules that compose them (monomers) link together in the setting or curing (加工) process to form chains (polymers), which give plastics their flexible strength. Some plastics retain their ability to be softened and reshaped: like wax, they are thermoplastic. Others set permanently in th
18、e shapes they are given by heat and pressure; like eggs, they are thermosetting.From industrial beginnings in the nineteenth century, plastics have struggled through a hundred and twenty years of glory, failure, disrepute, and suspicion on the slow road to public acceptance. Now at last, one call po
19、sitively say that plastics are appreciated and enjoyed for what they are; that they make modern life richer, more comfortable and convenient, and also more fun. Plastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch, and their transformation into things that come into contact with human beings
20、is entirely appropriate.The fact that there are plastic antiques comes as a shock to most people. How can a material that seems so essentially twentieth century, and one that is so much associated with cheap, disposable products, have a history at all? It is a young technology, and a great part of t
21、he fun of collecting plastics is that beautiful pieces of historical interest can still be found very cheap.1. Which of the following groups of adjectives best concludes the characteristics of plastics?A) Inexpensive, convenient and historic. B) Disposable, rare and interesting.C) Inexpensive, conve
22、nient and disposable. D) Rare, beautiful and unbreakable.2. According to the first paragraph, plastics can be classified into .A) monomers and polymersB) flexible plastics and inflexible plasticsC) thermoplastics and thermosetting plasticsD) natural plastics and synthetic plastics3. When plastics we
23、re invented a hundred and twenty years ago, .A) people found they were cold materials B) their shapes were set permanentC) people accepted them at once D) they did not enjoy immediate popularity4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to this passage?A) There has been ups and downs
24、 in the development history of plastic technology.B) Nowadays plastics help people to live a more convenient life in modern world.C) Since plastic technology does not have a long history, there are no plastic antiques at all.D) Collecting cheap but beautiful plastic antiques can be funny sometimes.5
25、. The word “sympathetic” in the last sentence of the second paragraph is closest to .A) favorable B) pitiable C) easy D) harmless1小题、【正确答案】：C2小题、【正确答案】：C3小题、【正确答案】：D4小题、【正确答案】：C5小题、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：1. C 综合归纳题文章最后一段的第二句话是一个反问句，“cheap”“disposable”正是塑料制品的特点。A)、B)、D)三个选项都与其无关，所以答案是C。2. C 关于塑料的分类，第一段主要谈了两种
26、，一种是按照制作方法分成三类，另一种是按照是否可变形分成两类。四个选项中，C)项概括了第二种分类，而D)项的概括是不完整的;A)项和B)项则是错误的。3. D 细节题由第二段最后一句可知A)项是错误的;而第一句证明C)项是不准确的。此外，第一段最后一句说明B)项的概括是不全面的。只有D)项可以通过第二段第一句证明是正确的。4. C 综合判断题A)项的依据在第二段开头：“plastics have struggled through a hundred and twenty years of glory, failure, disrepute and suspicion”说明塑料工业的发展经历了
27、沉沉浮浮(ups and downs)。B)项可以在第二段第二句找到依据：“they make modern lifemore comfortable and convenient”。D)项的依据在本文最后一句：“a great part of the fun of collecting plastics is that beautiful pieces of historical interest can still be found very cheap.”而C)项，否认有塑料古董的存在，这与第三段第一句中“the fact that there are plastic antiques”
28、相矛盾，因此是错误的。5. A 语义判断题“sympathetic”这个单词一般情况下被理解成“表示同情的”，但是这篇文章主要讨论塑料的作用，与情感无关，所以首先排除B)项。“Plastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch”，本句中前提是“塑料是暖性材料”，只有A)项才符合这个前提。第4题：A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history
29、classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities
30、of our ancestorsor of people very different from our owncan be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the
31、political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective; it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political” artist. In his well known pain
32、ting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picassos Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, and David Alf
33、aro Siqueirosas well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinesdepicted these Mexican artists deep anger and sadness about social problems.In the same way, art can reflect a cultures religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches
34、and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldnt read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was and st
35、ill is its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the islamic belief that statues are unholy.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) The difference between general history and art history.B) What we can learn from art history.C) The superiority of art history to general history.D) The
36、influence of artists over history.2. One can learn more about a culture from a study of art history than from general history classes because art history .A) shows us the religions and emotions of a people in addition to political valuesB) does not focus on objective politics, or economics, or warC)
37、 gives us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a placeD) provides us with information about the daily activities of people3. “Art, , is subjective” (Line 2, Para. 2) means that .A) history is presented in it in a personal and emotional viewB) it can easily rouse our negative feeling
38、s towards societyC) history books only cover facts about politics of a countryD) it will find a ready echo in peoples hearts easily4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A) Pablo Picasso expressed his political ideas with the symbolic images in his paints.B) Unlike Fra
39、ncisco Goya, Mexican artists did not really express the political opinions in their works.C) History books are objective because they often reveal political opinions.D) Bible remains as the only type of art in Europe for centuries.5. It may be concluded from this passage that .A) most Europeans unde
40、rstand the Bible through church paintingsB) history teachers are more objective than artistsC) it is more difficult to study art history than general historyD)Islamic artists might adopt images of flowers or geometric forms for architectural decoration1小题、【正确答案】：B2小题、【正确答案】：C3小题、【正确答案】：A4小题、【正确答案】：A
41、5小题、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：1. B 文章主旨题A)项的对比只是第一段的主要论述方式，第一段主题为最后一句“In short,”,也可以看作是全文中心。第二段虽以history books开头，可后面的例证可以证明重点在“Art, on the other hand,”。这些均阐明主题“What we can learn from art history”。2. C 细节题答案在第一段中。本段通过对比通史和艺术史的不同，说明艺术史更能让人深刻理解历史，原因在于艺术史除了讲述通史讲述的政治、经济和战争之外，还涉及民族政治观、宗教信仰、情感心理，人们的日常活动等。3. A 语义辨析题本题
42、要求考生选出“Art,， is subjective”的原因，答案就在后面一句“it reflects emotions and opinions”中。故选A)项。B)项孤立地概括三个例子，没有反映出例证在上下文中的作用，不正确;C)项是文中提到的事实，但与本题无关，也不正确;而D)项则完全与本文无关。4. A 细节题B)项的错误在于没有认识到这三个例子都是为了证明艺术反应艺术家的个人观点;C)项的意思和原文完全相反，可参考第二段第一句话，而A)项正好是这句话的例子;D)项与文中说法有差异，表达得过于绝对，不是正确答案。5. D 综合判断题本题解题关键在倒数第二句，欧洲与中东的不同在于穆斯林不
43、像欧洲人那样将人物和动物雕刻在石头上，我们自然可以推断出中东建筑物上只有植物图案或几何图形了。四、阅读理解第5题：Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES)if the statement agrees with information given in the passage;N (for NO)if the state
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