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1、船舶雾航须知Instruction for navigation in fog1 .适用范围本规那么适用于本公司所经营管理的船舶。Applying rangeThe regulations apply for all the ships managed by company2 .平时准备Preparation in normal time2.1. 船长和驾驶员应当对危险而且多雾航区的水道、潮流和特点，结合本船的性能，平时 悉心研究，作为雾中航行的参考。Captain and officer should research the dangerous and foggy channel, cur
2、rent, characters and own vessels character as reference.22 船长应当催促驾驶员和轮机员经常检查船上排水设备和水密设备，使其保持良好状 态。Captain should often supervise officer and engineer to check up the draining equipment and waterproof set and keep them in good order.3 .雾中航行Navigation in fog3.1. 船舶遇雾、霾、雪、暴风雨或者任何其他同样限制视距情况(以下简称“雾”)除应遵
3、守本规那么外，并应遵守海上避碰章程的规定，以及各海港的有关规定。装有雷达的船 舶，应注意雷达存在盲区的缺陷。When vessel meet fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rain-stoiTns or any other restricted visibility, causes(called “fbg” below), should comply with International regulations for preventing collisions at sea, relevant port regulations besides follow t
4、his regulations. Should heed the blind area for radar on board.3.2. 当值驾驶员在雾袭到以前，应当抓紧时机，利用航行仪器测定船位。Before meet fog, duty officer should timely fix the ships position by navigation instrument.3.3. 当值驾驶员在雾袭到的时候，应当立即采取以下措施，并且报告船长：When meet fog, duty officer should take the following measure and report t
5、o captain.3.3.1. 摇预备车，采取平安航速，并且将遇雾情况通知当值轮机员；Stand by engine, take safe speed and inform duty engineer the fog.3.3.2. 开始发放雾号；Launch fog signal3.3.3. 派遣水手到船首了望，如果风浪过大不能在船首了望，可以派他在驾驶台了望； Assign crewtotakealookoutinforedeck.Ifthe wind and wave are tooheavy to lookout infbre deck, may assign crew to take
6、 a look out on bridge.3.3.4. 根据情况，下令关闭全部或者局部水密门；As circumstances, should order to close all or part of watertight doors.3.3.5. 准备各类救生设备，以便随时使用，并准备至少救生艇一艘在立即下放的状态。Make (LSA) the life saving apparatus available at all time and keep at least one lifeboat in the ready state.3.4. 船长获悉雾袭后，必须立即到驾驶台亲自指挥。当值驾
7、驶员并将船位、四周环境和已 采取的措施告知船长。船长应当研究已采取的措施并应特别注意现行船速是否确当。After knowing the fog, captain should right now go to the bridge for command. Duty officer should report ships position, surroundings, taken measure to captain. Captain should analyze the taken measure and pay more attention to the current speed bei
8、ng right or not.3.5. 不管船速多少，当值轮机员应当使锅炉保持正常工作，以便在紧急情况下，能全速倒 车。Regardless of speed, duty engineer should keep the boiler in normal condition. In emergency, should be prepare for full astern.3.6. 保持全船寂静，严禁喧哗，以免扰乱驾驶人员的听觉。Should keep in silence. No produce interfering sound. Avoid to disturbing officers
9、hearing.3.7. 在本船发放雾号的时候，听到他船雾号，不应猝然中止，应当继续发放，以免他船发 生误会，但是再发雾号，应当力求防止同他船雾号声音重叠。While sounding fog signal, hearing other vessel, she shall keep sounding in order to avoid misunderstanding. Try to avoid overlap with others at next time.3.8. 他船雾号才停，本船切勿紧接发出雾号，免被他船误认为是他发出雾号的回声。If the other vessefs signal
10、 stops, she shouldnt sound signal following it in order to avoid be thought signal echo by other vessel.3.9. 本船停车后,且已不在水上行动的时候，才能发放两长声的声号(以下简称停车信号)。 After main engine stopped and no movement any more, she can sound two long horn (called as “stop engine signal“ bellow).3.10. 在没有看到他船的情况，不可以使用海上避碰章程“操纵
11、和警告信号”所规定的声号。 If no ship has been seen, she can not sound signal stipulated in steering and warn in .3.11. 除已断定不存在碰撞危险外，听到他船雾号在本船正横之前，应当立即停车，如有必 要，可以使用短时间的倒车，使本船很快的停车前进，然后仔细辨明他船航向；在未 辨明前，本船不应盲目转向避让或者前进。Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, When hear a fog signa
12、l forward ofher beam, she shall stop engine immediately and If necessary take all her way off by astern, then judge other vessels course. Before clear judgement, she should not change course to prevent collision or to be forward.3.12. 在有交叉航线地段，听到他船雾号的时候，应当特别注意。In the cross-course areas, when hear ot
13、her vessel fog signal, special attention should be paid.3.13. 在本船已停止，准备让他船驶过的时候，可以发放国际信号的声号(一短声、一 长声、一短声)，以表示“我船已停止前进了，你可以小心探索经过我船LWhen she has stopped to let othervessel pass across, she can sound R horn(one short, one long, one short) to display that I have stopped and you can pass across me caref
14、ully.3.14. 在雾中航行，应当充全利用航行仪器和助航设备，并应时时校对船位。During navigation in fog, should utilize the navigation instrument and navigation-aid equipment and collate the ships position ever and again.3.15. 在雾中航行，无线电操作员在船长指示下，应按有关规定与附近船舶取得密切联系并 掌握该船舶的船名、位置、航速、航向和雾情的资料。During navigates in fbg, the radio officer shall
15、 duty in radio room as masters order to contact with the other vessel and hold the name, situation, speed, course and fog in fog area.3.16. 在雾中航行的计划航线，对岸边、岛屿、礁石或者其他障碍物要比平时保持较多的距 离。During navigation in fog, planed sailing line should keep more distance with shore, island, rock or other obstacle than
16、usual.3.17. 雾中航行到达转向点，必须进行数次测位、测深，查看水深、底质，对船位有一定把 握后，再行转向。对雷达测定的转向点，也应当进行测深核对。During navigation in fog, on turn point, should several check position, depth ofwater, grounds. Turn after hold on ships position. Turn point checked by radar should double check the water depth.3.18. 雾中在岸边、岛屿、港口或者狭窄航道附近航行
17、的时候，应当加密测位、测深，注意 潮流的作用和雾号的回声，准备双锚缓速前进。如果对船位有疑问时: 切勿盲目航行，在 条件许可下，应当立即下锚，或者转向相反航向缓速行驶，以待视线转清。During navigation in fog, when approaching to shore, island, passing narrow, shallow channel, ports, should fix position, sounding more frequently and heed the current and echo of fog signal, should stand-by t
18、wo anchors at the bow of vessel s. If couldnt hold the ship position, blindness navigation isnt permitted. If permitted, should drop anchor at once or turn back with slow speed to wait good visibility灯塔灯标所发的雾号，只能作为方位的参考，不能作为判断船位的根据。Fog signal from lighthouse and light beacon only ca n be as referenc
19、e to position. Ships position can not be judged by them.3.19. 雾起和雾散的时间，计程仪的示数，测深的时间，减速、停车的时间，发放停车雾号和“R声号的时间，派在船首了望人的姓名，统须详细记录记载在船舶日志中。Time of fog commencing and time of fog terminating, display in distance log, time for measuring depth, time for reduce, time for stop engine, time oflaunching fog sig
20、nal, time ofR horn, name of look out in fore deck should be filled in log book.3.20. 雾航中使用甚高频 ，应在16频道保持守听，定时播报本船船位，动态、雾情， 并与附近船舶交换各自情况，动态、协调避让意图、行动等。During navigation in fog, should turn on VHF and keep on channel 16. In time, broadcast own position, movement, fog and change information with other v
21、essels and coordinate avoidance intention and action.3.21. 随时与附近交管中心取得联系，听从交管中心指挥。At any time should contact with traffic center and follow the command of traffic center.3.22. 能见度受限时，由值班驾驶员将情况记录在航海日志上。When restricted visibility, duty officer should fill all record in log book.4 .雾航注意Notice to naviga
22、tion in fog4.1. 每一船舶在任何时候均应用平安航速行驶，以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行为，并能 在适合当时环境和情况的距离以内把船停住。Every vessel should sail with safe speed so that she can take effective action to prevent collision and stop the vessel if needed.由经验证明，声音在雾中传播，不是直线的、水平的、垂直的，并且有静止区，因此我们不能 作出以下的结论：4.1.1. 假假设在应听到的范围中，听不到它的声音，就认为这个装置停止；声音低弱就认为距离
23、远，声音很大就认为距离近。It has been proved that sound transit in fog is not direct, horizontal, vertical. There is static area.So we can not get the following conclusion,The object is thought stopped if it can not be heard where it should be heard.It is long distance due to low sounding and short distance due to high sounding.