高中英语情态动词导学案(7页).doc

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1、-高中英语情态动词导学案Module1 Grammar Period four : the modal auxiliaryDate of Lesson Preparation:.Date of Teaching:Knowledge and skillsTo master the grammar and get more informationProcess and MethodsQuestion-and-answer activity and task-based method can help the Ss to go through with the grammarEmotion and

2、ValuesTo master the usage of the modal auxilidaryImportant and Difficult PointsHow to use the modal auxiliaryKnowledge LinksTo review and remember the modal auxiliary learned beforeLearning GuidanceDo some related exercises and cooperate with partners.Learning procedure: To study main points and mas

3、ter the usage.can, could，be able to 译为“能、可能” 1) 表示能力 Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt use the computer last year.Ill not be able to come this afternoon.He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 总结：表示现在的能力用 ，表示过去的能力用 .当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用 ，不能用can。

4、表示“将来能”用 。2) 表示请求和允许。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can.（ No, you cant. ）- Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 总结：could 不是can的过去式，只是语气 ，在答语中用 代替。 3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于 和 句中。 Can that be Mike? I thought he was in Greece. This cant be done by him. How can this be tr

5、ue? I thought the story could not be true.注意：can偶尔用语肯定句中译为“有时候会”，表示大部分时间不是这样，只是偶尔发生的事情。 It can be very cold in this part.4) could have done用在 句中可以表示本来能做某事但没做，can/could have done用在 和 句子中表示对过去情况的推测。 I saw Mr.Zhang just now. He couldnt have gone to Beijing. You could have done better, but you didnt try

6、 your best. You cant have left so soon.5) 常用句式总结 can +否定词+too/enough表示 You cant be too careful.你越小心越好 You cant remember enough English words.你记越多的英语单词越好。 cant but do sth表示 I cant but admire your bravery.我不得不佩服你的勇气 I could not but choose to go.may, might译为“也许”1) 表示请求和允许。-Might/ May I smoke in this ro

7、om? - No, you mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you may. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 总结：might比 may语气 ，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用 或 ，表示“不可以，禁止”。注意：用May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功 祝你快乐！ 3) 表示推测、可能性。 He may /might be very busy now. Your mother m

8、ay /might not know the truth. 总结：表示推测用于 和 句中，疑问句用 代替。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may 。4）may/ might have done可能做了某事(猜测) He may/might have gone home. 注意You might have told me earlier!你本可以早点告诉我(实际没有告诉) might have done 表示“过去本可以做某事而没有做。5) 常用句式总结不妨，倒不如 You may as well ask him. You might as well stay with us.很可能 H

9、e may well be proud of his son. We might well get injured.must译为“必须”, have to译为“不得不”1) 表示必须、必要 You must come here on time. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.- Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must.（ No, you dont have to / you neednt.） 总结：表示义务即必须时must强调主观，而 have t

10、o 强调 需要。must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（ ），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. 3) 表示推测、可能， 只能用于 句中。其中must have done表示 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now. I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.4) 表示“偏偏”表示很不巧，通

11、常都是令人不愉快的事。翻译句子：We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. .need译为“需要”1）You neednt come so early. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 总结：need 作情态动词用时, 常用于 和 句中。2）neednt have done 表示 Tom neednt have done it yesterday. 注意need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。The house need

12、s to be painted. Students need to finish their homework today. .shall1) shall 用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示说话人： 。 What shall we do this evening? What shall he do next?2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的 。 You shall fail if you dont work hard. He shall have the book when I finish it. He shall be punished. .should, ought to

13、译为“应该”1) 表示劝告、建议。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。 翻译句子：You should / ought to go to class right away. 2. Should I open the window? 2) 表示推测 通常指有事实依据，常理推断Its nearly seven oclock. He ought to/should be home by now.3）should表示惊讶、遗憾有时与why/who/how等疑问词连用译成“居然、竟然”翻译句子：why should you think so? 4) should/oug

14、ht to have done 表示 否定形式表示 You should/ought to have paid more attention to your lessons. Tom shouldnt/ought not to have told me secret.will, would译为“愿意、要”1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。 Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? 2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3

15、) 区分would和used to During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. She would play here. When we were children, we would/ used to go skating every winter. He used to like you. He used to be a quiet boy. I used to get up early.（过去起早，现在可能不起早了）总结：当表示过去习惯性的动作时，二者 。used to可以与状态动词连用， 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾

16、向。若强调过去与现在的对比，用 。4) will 常用与第三人称表示习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water.5)would like/love have done本打算做sth但做了别的事情。I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. .dare译为“敢”1）She darent even look out. Dare you go school by yourself? 总结：dare 作情态动词用时, 常用于 和 句中。dare的特殊句式“我想、我猜” I dare say he

17、 will come.巩固训练一、基础题（level A）1总结：猜测: must, may, might, can, could用于肯定句,非常肯定的猜测是 ；用于肯定句,表示可能的猜测是 用于否定/疑问句,过去时用could的是 ；表示预测“应当” 的是 2翻译下列情态动词的否定形式mustnt ；neednt (=dont have to) cant ；may not ；shouldnt（=ought not to） 3总结：情态动词+ have done 本应该做而没做 ；本不该某事而做了 本可以做而没做 ；不必做的做了 可能做了某事(猜测) ；一定做了(猜测) 一定没有做(猜测) 达

18、标训练二、强化题 （level B）( )1. -May I sit beside you, sir? - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt ( )2.- _ I speak to Mary, please? -Sorry, she_ come to the phone because she isnt in.A. Might; wont B. Cant; mustnt C. May; cant D. Couldnt; shouldnt( )3. - I want to

19、 know if I _ smoke here. - No, you_ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?A. can; neednt B. must; cant C. shall; wont D. may; mustnt( )4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up. A. must B. should C. would D. has to( )5. - _ you pass me the English magazine, please

20、? - Sure. Here you are.A. Could B. Need C. Must D. Might三、提升题（level C）( )1. A computer _think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not( )2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to( )3.-W

21、here is my uncle, Mary? -He _ in the bedroom.A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been( )4.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will( )5. -That must be a mistake. -No, it _ a mistake.A. must not be B. neednt be C. can not be D. wou

22、ld not be( )6. Its nearly 7 oclock. Dad _ come home soon.A. can B. could C. would D. should( )7.-Are you coming to Jeffs party?-Im not sure. I _ go to the concert tonight. A. must B. would C. should D. might( )8.I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She _ at the meeting.A. mustnt have sp

23、oken B. shouldnt have spoken C. neednt have spoken D. couldnt have spoken( )9.Johnny, you_ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt, must D. cant; shouldnt( )10.I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been四、

24、实战演练（level D）( )1. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. could( )2. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to( )3. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to( )4. Co

25、uld I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _.A. might B. will C. can D. should( )5. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _.A. may B. must C. might D. canReflection:一批二批1) 表示能力 总结：表示现在的能力用 can ，表示过去的能力用 could.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用 was able to ，不能用can。表示“将来能”用 will be able to 。2) 表示请求和允许。 总结：c

26、ould 不是can的过去式，只是语气 更委婉 ，在答语中用can 代替。 3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句 和否定句句中。 4) can/could have done 用在肯定 句中可以表示本来能做某事但没做，用在疑问和否定 句子中表示对过去情况的推测。 5) 常用句式总结 can +否定词+too/enough表示 越越好、再怎么也不过分 cant but do sth表示 不得不1) 表示请求和允许。总结：might比 may语气更委婉 ，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用 mustnt 或 cant ，表示“不可以，禁止”。注意：用May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式

27、和客气，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功 祝你快乐！ May you be happy!3) 表示推测、可能性。 总结：表示推测用于肯定句 和否定句 句中，疑问句用can 代替。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may 小。不妨，倒不如may as well You may as well ask him. You might as well stay with us.很可能may well He may well be proud of his son. We might well get injured.1)

28、表示必须、必要 总结：表示义务即必须时must强调主观，而 have to 强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt不准、禁止，而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. 3) 表示推测、可能， 只能用于肯定 句中。其中must have done表示 可能一定做过某事4) 表示“偏偏”表示很不巧，通常都是令人不愉快的事。翻译句子：We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. 我们正准备离开，但孩子偏偏感冒了.need译为“需要”1）Yo

29、u neednt come so early. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 总结：need 作情态动词用时, 常用于 否定 和 疑问句中。2）neednt have done 表示本不必做某事但做了 Tom neednt have done it yesterday. 1) shall 用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示说话人：征求对方的意见。 2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的允诺、威胁、命令、警告。 .should, ought to译为“应该”翻译句子：You shou

30、ld / ought to go to class right away. 你应该马上去上学了2. Should I open the window? 我可以打开窗户翻译句子：why should you think so?你为何这样想呢4) should/ought to have done 表示 过去本应该做某事而没做 否定形式表示过去不该做某事却做了 总结：当表示过去习惯性的动作时，二者皆可。used to可以与状态动词连用，would 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。若强调过去与现在的对比，用used to。 .dare译为“敢”1）She darent even look out.

31、 Dare you go school by yourself? 总结：dare 作情态动词用时, 常用于 否定和疑问句中。dare的特殊句式“我想、我猜” I dare say I dare say he will come.巩固训练用于肯定句,非常肯定的猜测是must；用于肯定句,表示可能的猜测是may用于否定/疑问句,过去时用could的是can；表示预测“应当” 的是should2翻译下列情态动词的否定形式mustnt禁止、不准；neednt (=dont have to) 不必要、没必要 cant 不可能 ；may not可能不、或许不；shouldnt（=ought not to）

32、不应该3总结：情态动词+ have done 本应该做而没做should/ought to have done；本不应该做而做了shouldnt/ought not to have done本可以做而没做could have done；不必做的做了neednt have done 可能做了某事(猜测) may/might have done；一定做了(猜测)must have done一定没有做(猜测)cant have donePeriod4:强化题：1A2C3D4D5A提升题：1A2D3B4B5C6D7D8D9B10B 实战题1C2D3A4C5A-第 7 页English Leaning Paper of Grade Two