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1、- 高考英语必背词组(附例句)-第 22 页 absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉Absence of mind in chemical experiments may cause a serious accident. be absorbed in 全神贯注于（近义词: be lost in ; be buried in; be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on） Newton was so absorbed in his laboratory work that he often
2、 forgot to eat. 牛顿全神贯注地在实验室工作,常常连吃饭也忘了。 (be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有Fish is abundant in the river.河里鱼很多。 access (to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解There is no access to the street through that door.穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。 on account(credit) 赊账If you buy something on account, you pay nothing
3、or only part of the cost at first, and pay the rest later. on account of 因为(because of)You use on account of to introduce the reason or explanation for something. on no account不论什么原因也不On no account should the mixture come near boiling. take sth into account 把考虑进去The direction of the prevailing winds
4、 should be taken into account. give sb an account of 说明, 解释 (理由) account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明The suspect couldnt account for his time that night.嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排 accuse sb of(=charge sb with; blame sb for; blame sth on sb ; complain about) 指控,控告They were accused of unlawf
5、ul assembly. be accustomed to doing sth (=be in the habit of doing sth, be used to sth)习惯于I am not accustomed to being interrupted. be acquainted with 了解; 熟悉He was well acquainted with the literature of France, Germany and Holland. act on 履行Both countries failed to act on recent UN resolutions. 双方均未
6、能履行联合国近期的决议。 act as 担当Act as an agent to record the accounts. adapt oneself to (=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于He adapted himself to the cold weather.他适应了寒冷的天气。 adapt(for) (=make sth suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)A graded reader(年级课本, 分级读本)is a story which has been adapted for people learning to
7、 read or learning a foreign language. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外Theres a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge. adjust to (=change slightly)调节; 适应They are unable to adjust themselves to their environment. have an advantage over 胜过This custom-built kitchen h
8、as many advantages over a standard one. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from)欺骗、利用She took advantage of him even after they were divorced. agreed to同意, 允诺She agreed to my idea她同意我的想法。 agree on 对意见一致We agree on this count这一点上,我们的意见一致。 agree with 一致；相符合I quite agree
9、with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。 agree with sb 同意某人的观点 I agree with you about the gun situation. in agreement with 同意, 一致 Not all scholars are in agreement with her, however. ahead of 在之前, 超过 Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane. 我们公司制造飞机零部件比别家的业绩好。 in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体,
10、 悬而未决2)在谣传中 3)到处弥漫 Excitement was in the air. 到处充满了兴奋之情 Rumors about the celebrity are still in the air.关于那个明星的流言还在谣传。 above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的 Above all, do not be too proud to ask for advice. in all adv. (=altogether) 总共, 总计 In all some 15 million people live in the
11、 selected areas. after all 毕竟,到底; It has turned out to be a nice day after all. 天气终于转晴了。 (not) at all 一点也不; Im not at all sorry I came, Im glad! 我来了一点也不遗憾，我很高兴。 all at once(=suddenly)突然; I feel terribly sleepy all at once. once and for all 一劳永逸; The problem can be solved once and for all, if you do
12、that.（如果你那样做，问题就可能一劳永逸地得到解决。） above all 最重要的; allow for 考虑到, 把算进去 We must allow for his inexperience我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。 amount to (=to be equal to) 总计、等同于 The banks have what amounts to a monopoly（垄断）. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责、保证(guarantee) I will answe
13、r for the truth of what he has said. 我保证他所说的话是真的。 apologize to sb for sth 为向道歉 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. 我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。 appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力 Does the film appeal to you? apply for申请 I want to apply for the job. 我想申请这项工作。 approve of doing(= be in favor of, favor, agree to)赞成 My par
14、ents dont approve of me smoking cigarettes. 我的父母不准许我吸烟。 arise from(=result from) 由引起 Mistakes arose from a basic misunderstanding. 出自于基本上是误解的错误 arrange for sb to do sth 安排做 It has been arranged for him by his family to marry a girl of his own class. 他家已就婚姻问题为他做好安排，要他娶一个门当户对的女孩 be ashamed of 以为羞耻 I b
15、ehaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself) now. 我昨天表现不好，我现在感到很惭愧。 assure sb of sth 向保证, 使确信 I assure you its quality. 保证质量 attach (to) 缚, 系 ,结 We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。 make an attempt at doing sth (to do sth) 试图做 If you make an atte
16、mpt to do something, you try to do it, often without success. attend to (=look after) 关注；注意： Well attend to that problem later. 稍后我们将关注那个问题 attributeto(=to believe sth to be the result of)把归因于 David attributed his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their persevering hard work. 大卫说他们公
17、司之所以获得成功是由于全体员工的团结和坚持不懈努力工作的结果。 on average平均 On average, American firms remain the most productive in the world. American shares rose, on average, by 38%. be aware of (=be conscious of , beware)意识到 I was not aware of the fire. 我没有意识到火。 turn ones back on sb (=close ones eye to sb) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 If th
18、e world turns its back on you, you turn your back on the world. be based on / upon 基于 This news report is based entirely on fact. 这篇新闻报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。 on the basis of 根据, 在基础上 On the basis of the above results, we may establish attractor viewpoint of process of the long-range atmosphere and climate.
19、to begin with (=firstly) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语) To begin with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly.首先,我们必须全面地考虑全体员工的素质。 on behalf of以名义 Secret Service officer Robin Thompson spoke on behalf of his colleagues. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处 We benefit from daily exercises. 我们得益于每天做操。 for the ben
20、efit of 为了的利益(好处) in the interests of 符合的利益 It is not his fault. He did it for your benefit.这不是他的过错。他是为了你的利益才这样做的。 All the donations are for the benefit of the disabled children.所有的捐款都是为了帮助残疾儿童。 for the better 好转 Her condition took a turn for the better. 她的情况有所改善 give birth to 出生 His hobby of collec
21、ting coins gave birth to his successful business. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机 We went on board. 我们登上了轮船/飞机。 Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. 飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。 boast of (or about) 吹嘘 brag about Nobody should boast of his learning. 谁也不应当夸耀自己的学识。 i
22、n brief(=for short, In summary)简言之 In brief he says No 他简短地说了一个不字。 on business 出差办事 (对应for pleasure) Im here on business. last but one 倒数第二 Jack was the last but one to arrive.杰克是倒数第二个到达的。 but for (=without) 要不是(表示假设) But for my brothers help, I would not have finished. 要不是我兄弟的帮助，我是无法完成的。 buy sth fo
23、rmoney 用多少钱买 She bought her friend a present for 50 RMB. 她花了50元买了一件礼物给她的朋友。 be capable of 能够, 有能力 Are you capable of climbing that tree? 你能爬上那棵树吗？ in any case(at any rate, at any price, at any cost, anyhow)无论如何 Its too late, in any case. 无论如何太晚了。 in case (=for fear that) 万一; Take along an umbrella,
24、just in case. 随身带一把伞，以防万一 in case of (=in the event of, if)如果发生万一 This is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 这只是个愚蠢的例子,并非不诚实。 in the case of 在.的情况 What to do in the case of an eye injury? in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句) In no case do we recommend that much physical exercise. by chance(=accidentally, by
25、 accident)偶然 They met by chance on a plane. 他们在飞机上不期而遇 for a change换换环境(花样等) Eat early for a change. 变化一下提早吃饭 chargefor 因索取(费用),charge sb with sth 控告某人犯有 The barber charges ten dollars for a haircut. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地 This is a terrific mission a
26、nd we are very busy doing science round the clock. comment on sth评论 Everyone commented on her new hat. 大家都在评论她的新帽子。 commit oneself to致力于 I commit myself to strive for grades of “A” to commit oneself to a promise 受诺言的约束 keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和要好 If you keep company with
27、 a person or with a particular kind of person, you spend a lot of time with them. by comparison(with) 比较起来 Agricultural productivity remained low by comparison with advanced countries like the United States. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和比起来 They were living rather well, in comparison with p
28、eople elsewhere in the world. compensate for (=give sth to make up for) 补偿, 赔偿,弥补 Nothing can compensate for the loss of ones health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。 compensate sb for sth 赔偿,弥补 Management compensated us for the time we worked. 资方补偿我们工作时间的报酬 complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨 Jean is always complaini
29、ng about something. 琼总是满腹牢骚。 be concerned about 关心 关注 Were rather concerned about fathers health. 我们相当担心父亲的健康。 on condition that (=if) 以为条件, 假如 Ill lend you the book on condition that you return it on Monday. in that = because 因为 I do it in that I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 now that = since 既然 I will tel
30、l you, now that you ask. 你既然问，我就告诉你。 in / out of condition 健康状况好/不好 He was too out of condition to clamber over the top. in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 He had deluded himself that he kept in condition but now he knew differently. confess (to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth wrong)承认, 供认; confess to
31、a crime 承认罪行 She confessed stealing the money. She confessed to stealing the money. 她承认偷了钱。 with confidence 满怀信心地; The band is on excellent form and brimming with confidence. have confidence in 对有信心 Its a tragedy that one lacks confidence in himself. 一个人如果缺乏自信心,那就是悲剧。 be confident of对有信心Peter is con
32、fident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director. 彼得确信他能获得总经理助理的职位。 confineto 把限制在某范围内 The sick child was confined to bed. 这个生病的小孩不能离床 be confronted with(=face up to) 面对, 面临 I am confronted with many difficulties. 我面临很多困难。 congratulate sb on sth祝贺 Let me congratulate you on the b
33、irth of your daughter. 我祝贺你喜获千金。 be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道 I was conscious of her presence. 我知道她在场。 in consequence (=as a result) 结果 You studied hard, and in consequence you passed the test. 你学习努力，所以通过了考试。 in consequence of (=as a consequence of) 由于的缘故 As a consequence of being in hospital,
34、 Shelly decided that she wanted to become a nurse. 由于在医院的缘故，谢莉决定当一名护士。 under consideration 在考虑中 Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly(州众议院). takeinto consideration (=take account of, takeinto account)考虑到, 把考虑进去 consist of(=comprise及物动词)由组成的 Our class consists of 50 students
35、.Our class is comprised of 50 students. consist in主要在于 The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity. 这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴 consult sb on/ about sth 向征求方面的意见, 就向请教 I must consult my principal on this matter.这件事我必须与委托人商量一下。 to ones hearts content心满意足 Although the houses are old, the lighting
36、 is good and rent is low. To his hearts content, there is a place for shelter房屋虽有些破旧，但采光好且租金低。有个可以住的地方令他心满意足。 be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于 be content to do sth 愿意做某事 My parents would be content with my academic performance. 父母会满意我在学校的表现的。I am content to leave the details about the plan fo
37、r your further discussion.我愿意把计划的详细信息留给你们进一步讨论。 on the contrary 相反 On the contrary, I admire her intellectual honesty and her pursuit of self-knowledge.相反的是，我欣赏她充满智慧的直白和对自我认识的追求。 contrast A with B 把与相对(对照) It is interesting to contrast the two writers. 将这两位作家加以比较是很有意思的. in contrast to/with 和形成对比 His
38、 white hair was in sharp contrast to his dark skin. 他的白头发与黑皮肤形成了鲜明的对比. by contrast 对比之下 She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well. 她考试差点不及格, 而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好. contribute to 有助于 Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的著作
39、极有助於我们对这个困难问题的了解. under control(被)控制住 out of control无法控制 They have got flood waters under control他们已使泛滥的洪水受到了控制。 The lorry ran down the hill out of control.卡车失去控制直往山下冲去。 at ones convenience 在方便的时间或地点 With a caravan, you can stop at your own convenience; youre not dependent on hotels. 开着一辆大篷车, 可以随意停下
40、来, 不用住旅馆。 be convenient to / for 对方便 Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 你明天开始工作方便吗? convince sb of (=cause sb to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb)使某人确信, What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的一番话使我认识到我错了. try to persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做 (into doing sth / out of
41、 doing sth)You try and persuade her to come out with us. 你去试试劝她跟我们一起出去吧. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理 The mayor should take steps to cope with the holiday rush市长应采取措施解决假日食宿交通繁忙的问题。 at all costs不惜任何代价 He will attain his goal at all costs他将不惜一切代价达到目的。 at the cost/expense of 以
42、为代价 He saved the lives of his friends at the cost of his own他牺牲自己而挽救了朋友的生命。 a matter of course 理所当然的事 It is a matter of course that industry will bring us success, wealth and good luck. in due course (At the proper or right time) 正好的时间 A formal contract will be sent to you in due course. 正式的合同将在适当的时
43、候寄给你。 cure sb of + 某种疾病 治好某人的疾病 Now doctors believe they have cured him of the disease. be in danger (of)处于危险中; The bridge is in danger of collapse. 桥要塌了。 be out of danger脱离危险 If necessary, the airship can stay up there for days to keep out of danger. date back to可追溯到 If something dates back to a pa
44、rticular time, it started or was made at that time. date from从某时期开始 The present controversy dates from 1986. deal with 安排, 处理, 涉及, 做生意 How would you deal with an armed burglar? 遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？ on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中 on the increase 在增加 The number of robberies in the area is on the decline. 这地区的
45、劫案在减少.The demand for consumer goods is ever on the increase对消费品的需求日益增长。 to ones delight 令某人感到高兴to ones regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇; delight in sth (=take great pleasure in doing sth) 因高兴 She delights in cooking lovely meals. 她以烹饪美食为乐。 take delig
46、ht in sth喜欢干, 以为乐 Our monitor takes delight in helping others我们的班长乐于助人。 be dependent on 依靠 She is completely dependent on her daughter for money. 她花的钱完全靠从她女儿那里得到。 deprive sb of sth 剥夺某人某物 The court ruling deprived us of any share in the inheritance. 法庭裁决剥夺了我们全部的继承权 derivefrom(=obtainfrom)由来的 She derives great pleasure from her st