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1、高考高频词汇专题训练300 道真题附解析1. It is not profitable to provide bus services indistricts where the population is widely _. A. scattered B. dismissed C. separated D. spread 答案 A. scattered. 注释 scattered 是 scatter 的过去分词， 也可作形容词用，（=lying in different directions; not situated together,wide apart）分散的，散布在各处的。Separ
2、ate分开的， spread传播；摊开，dismiss 解雇。2. There are usually at least two _ of looking atevery question. A. ways B. directions C. views D. opinions 答案 A. ways. 注释 two ways of looking at everyquestions意指 “ 观察每个问题的两个方面” 。3. He left in such a hurry that I _ had time tothank him. A. almost B. even C. nearly D. s
3、carcely 答案 D. scarcely. 注释 scarcely(=hardly, not quite,almost not) 几乎没有。Scarcely 是否定副词，类似的有：hardly, barely, rarely,seldom, little 等。研究生入学考试中经常测试这类否定副词的用法。4. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the_ from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas. A. exposure B. d
4、istribution C. expansion D. emission 答案 D. emission. 注释 emission 散发物，发射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their health problems are the resultof years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他们认为，他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。) expansion 膨胀，扩大； Heat causes the expansion ofgas. 本题译文： 正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有
5、毒气体量也在增加。5. The book seems to have been _ from variousbooks and articles. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 29 页A. pieced together B. taken off C. broken away D. pulled out 答案 A. pieced together. 注释 piece together 拼合，拼凑； take off 起飞； break away from 脱离； pull out 拔出；驶出；（车）减速。6. We
6、had a marvelous holiday: only the last two dayswere slightly _ by the weather. A. damaged B. hurt C. ruined D. spoiled 答案 D. spoiled. 注释 spoiled 使.扫兴：A shower of rain spoiled our days outing. 7. I could tell he was surprised from the _ on hisface. A. appearance B. view C. sight D. expression 答案 D. e
7、xpression. 注释 expression 此处意指 “ 表情 ” 。Appearance 表示人的 “ 仪表，外表 ” 。8. Id like to take _ of this opportunity to thankyou all for your cooperation. A. profit B. benefit C. advantage D. interests 答案 C. advantage. 注释 take advantage of(=make useof sth. for ones own benefit)利用： take advantage of myignorance
8、( 利用我的无知 )。9. If you ever have the _ to go abroad to work,you should take it. A. possibility B. offer C. luck D. chance 答案 D. chance. 注释 chance(偶然的 )机会。Have 与 the(或 a) possibility 不能搭配；常用 There is a possibility for sb.to do sth. 表示客观存在的“ 可能性 ” 。10. Scientists think they have _ in their attemptto fin
9、d the causes of some major dieases. A. broken through B. worked out C. fallen out D. got round 答案 A. broken through. 注释 break through(=be successfulafter overcoming a difficulty)突破；取得重大成果：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 29 页Scientists hope to break through soon in their fightaga
10、inst heart disease.(科学家希望在与心脏病斗争中很快取得重大成果。) 本题译文：科学家认为他们在探索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。1. His test results are notvery _. He does well one week and badly the next. A. invariable B. consequent C. continuous D. consistent 答案 D. consistent. 注释 consistent 1)始终如一，前后一致：He is not consistent in hisstatements.(他的话并不前后
11、一致。) 2)与.一致： The story is not consistent with the facts. What you say is not consistentwith what you do. 2. The new safety regulations were agreed on after_ with the work-force. A. conference B. participation C. intervention D. consultation 答案 D. consultation. 注释 consultation 商议：hold a consultation
12、with sb. about sth. （与某人商谈某事） 。conference 讨论会； participation 参加，参与； intervention 干预，干涉。3. The room was so quiet thatshe could hear the _ of her heart. A. hitting B. beating C. tapping D. knocking 答案 B. beating. 注释 beating 此处是动名词，指“ （心）跳 ” ：Her heart was beatingfuriously. 4. During World War II Malta
13、managed to _ most of Italian and German bombers by throwing up an effectiveanti-aircraft screen. A. put out B. shut out C. come across D. get across 答案 B. shut out. 注释 shut out(=prevent from comingin; block)排除，排斥：They shut out our dust by having double windows.( 他们用双层窗户防尘。) put out 扑灭； get across越过；
14、使人了解；come across偶然遇到。本题译文： 第二次世界大战中，马耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德国的轰炸机侵入。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 29 页5. I think we should let Mariago camping with her boyfriend. _, shes a big girl now. A. Above all B. After all C. First of all D. For all 答案 B. After all. 注释 after all 毕竟。“ for a
15、ll + 名词 ” 意为 “ 尽管 ” : For all his wealth, he was unhappy.( 尽管他富有，但他并不幸福。 ) 6. Jims close _ to his brother made peoplemistake them for one another. A. confusion B. similarity C. resemblance D. imitation 答案 C. resemblance. 注释 resemblance n. 像（ to） 。 resemble(vt.)像；She resembles her mother.(=She takes
16、after her mother.) imitation 模仿；仿效； confusion 混乱，混淆；similarity 相似性。7. It has been decided thatthis company has the _ right to print Mr. Smiths novels. A. eventual B. versatile C. extensive D. exclusive 答案 D. exclusive. 注释 exclusive(=reserved to theperson(s) concerned) 独有的；This bathroom is for the pr
17、esidents exclusive use. eventual 最终的； versatile 通用的，万用的；extensive 广泛的。8. He has recently _ chessto provide himself with some relaxation. A. taken on B. taken up C. held on D. held up 答案 B. taken up. 注释 take up 开始从事9. What a terrible experience!_ , you are safe, thats the main thing. A. Somehow B. An
18、yhow C. Somewhat D.Anywhere 答案 B. Anyhow. 注释 anyhow(at= any rate; in anycase) 无论如何，不管怎样。10. John always tries to _people who are useful to him professionally. A. develop B. provoke C. correspond D. cultivate 答案 D. cultivate. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 29 页注释 cultivate sb. 结
19、识（有地位的人） ，培养与 .的友谊：He always tries to cultivate rich and famous people.( 他总是极力结识有钱的知名人士。) 本题译文：约翰总是力图结识在职业方面对他有用的人。1. Although he hasnt any formal qualifications, Betas _ to do well for himself. A. managed B. succeeded C. arranged D. convinced 答案 a. managed. 注释 manage to do sth.(=succeed indoing sth
20、.) 设法做成某事：1)He managed to escape to South America.(他设法逃到了南美。) 2)We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.(我们反正设法得到了需要的东西。) 3)Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport?(你能设法给我弄到一份护照吗？) 本题译文：虽然他没有正式的资历，但他收入很多。Do well for oneself 吃香，收入多，改善自己的社会地位。2. The family is a cooperative enterprise for w
21、hich it is difficult to _ rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways to deal with its own problems. A. set up B. put down C. keep up D. lay down 答案 D. lay down. 注释 lay down 制定。3. After a short holiday, he_ himself once more to his studies. A. applied B. converted C. engaged D. exerted
22、 答案 A. applied. 注释 apply oneself to“致力于 ”apply ones mind to( 专心于 ) apply to sb. for aid( 向某人求援 ) apply a theory to practice( 把理论应用于实践) 4. She felt _ of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldnt help laughing. A. guilty B. crazy C. miserable D. ashamed 答案 D. ashamed. 注释 be ashamed
23、of 因.感到羞耻，惭愧：1)He is ashamed of what he was done. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 29 页2)She felt ashamed of having done so little.(=She felt ashamed that she had done so little.) 3)John was ashamed to ask for help.(他不好意思向人求助。) 4)Jim was ashamed to have troubled me with so many q
24、uestions. Be guilty of 犯有 .罪，过失：1)He was found guilty. 2)I am not guilty of this crime. 5. The driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air conditioning in summer to suit his own _. A. leisure B. preference C. convenience D. selection 答案 B. preference. 注释 preference 偏爱，更加喜欢：My preference is f
25、or beef rather than for lamb.( 我更喜欢牛肉面不是羊肉。) 6. There is not much time left; So Ill tell you about it _. A. in detail B. in brief C. in short D. in all 答案 B. in brief. 注释 in brief(=in a few words) 简短地（作状语）,例如：He told me in brief what had happened. （他简短地向我讲了已发生地事情。）此处 in brief 等于 briefly 。此处， in brie
26、f(=in a word, in short) 简言之（作插入语）1)It is a long letter, but in brief, he says No.(这是一封长信，但简言之，他说“ 不 ” 。) 2)John is smart, polite, and well-behaved. In brief,he is admirable. 此句中 in brief 意为 in a word 或 in short. in short 作插入语，其意思是in a word( 总之 )。In detail 详细地。In all 总计，总共：There are 20 in all. 7. She
27、 got married although her parents had not given her their _. A. allowance B. consent C. permit D.appreciation 答案 B. consent. 注释 consent n. 同意，赞成；consent (to) vi. 同意，如： consent to a plan(同意一项计划)。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 29 页allowance 津贴。 permit 执照，许可证。8. The rain was heavy
28、 and _ the land was flooded. A. consequently B. constantly C. continuously D. consistently 答案 A. consequently. 注释 consequently (as a result)因而，所以。9. Magnificent views over the countryside have often _ people to write poems. A. convinced B. inspired C. induced D.attracted 答案 B. inspired. 注释 inspired
29、鼓舞，激励，产生：1)His speech inspired us to try again. 2)He inspired confidence in me.( 他使我产生信心。) 3)The good news inspired us with hope.( 这个好消息使我们产生希望。) 10. From the cheers and shoutsof _, I gathered that he was winning the race. A. stimulus B. urgency C. encouragement D. promotion 答案 C. encouragement. 注释
30、encouragement 鼓励，支持：shoutsof encouragement(鼓励的欢呼声)。本题译文：从欢呼声和鼓励声中，我猜想他正在赢得这场竞赛。1. She once again went through her composition carefully to _ all spelling mistakes from it. A. withdraw B. abandon C. diminish D.eliminate 答案 D. eliminate. 注释 eliminate(=get rid of, doaway with)消除，排除，淘汰：1)Can the governm
31、ent eliminate poverty? （政府能否消除贫困？）2)eliminate slang words form an essay( 从文章中去掉俚语词)。2. When the little child caught sight of the young woman _ in white he started brawling immediately. A. dressed B. wearing C. worn D. putting on 答案 A. dressed. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 29
32、页注释 be dressed in 穿这 .衣服。Wear 意为 “ 穿着 ” 是及物动词， 语法结构上与本题不符。Put on 穿上，强调的动作。3. Some areas, _ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated. A. due to B. but for C. in spite of D. with relation to 答案 A. due to. 注释 due to 由于。有些语言专家认为due to 引导的短语，在句中只能作表语，如：1)His absence was due to the storm. 2)T
33、he delay was due to heavy traffic. 3)This accident was due to his carelessness. 但现代英语里due to 引导的短语可以作状语用，如：1)He failed due to carelessness. 2)Due to heavy traffic, he was late for an hour or so. 4. Many university courses are not really _ to the needs of students or their future employers. A. associ
34、ated B. relative C. geared D.sufficient 答案 C. geared. 注释 be geared to 与.相连接的，与.搭配得上的。Be relative to 与.有关的：This is not relative to the accident.( 这和这次事故无关。) 本题意指courses(课程 )是否与needs(需要 )挂得上钩，而不是一般得有点关系，故应选geared. 5. If we can _ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A. get off
35、 B. come across C. come over D. get over 答案 D. get over. 注释 get over (difficulties) 克服（困难） 。6. Be careful how you _that jug, it will break very easily. A. pour B. operate C.handle D. employ 答案 C. handle. 注释 handle 意为 “ 用手拿 .” :Wash your hands before you handle my books.7. We suddenly saw the bus abo
36、ut to leave and had to run _ to catch it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 29 页A. hardly B. awkwardly C. hard D. strongly 答案 C hard. 注释 run hard 意为 “ 使劲跑 ” ，句中 hard 是副词。 Hardly “几乎不 “ ，是否定副词，与本题不符。8. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army _. A. for long B. onc
37、e in a while C. for good D. once upon a time 答案 C. for good. 注释 for good (=permanently) 永久地：He says hes leaving the country for good. for long 长久地。按本题题意，用for long 不妥。 once upon a time 从前。 once in a while 偶尔。9. This year the farmers were just able to gather in the _ before the fine weather came to an
38、 end. A. collection B. harvest C. flower D.plant 答案 B. harvest. 注释 gather in “收获 (庄稼 ) ” : The farmers are gathering in the corn. 10. A successful scientist needs _ if he wants to make hypothesis (假设 ) of how processes work and how events take place. A. permission B. penetration C. imagination D. co
39、nvention 答案 C. imagination. 注释 imagination 想象力； penetration 穿透； permission 允许；convention 惯例，常规。1. Motorists _ of speeding may be banned fromdriving for a year. A. convicted B. arrested C. charged D. judged 答案 A. convicted. 注释 be convicted to 被判有 . (罪) ：He was convicted of murder. ( 他被法院判有谋杀罪。 ) 2. T
40、he reason why he adapted to the new situationsquickly is that he has a _ attitude. A. changeable B. alternate C. movable D. flexible 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 29 页答案 D. flexible. 注释 flexible 灵活的 , 可变通的 ; We need a foreign policy that is more flexible. 3. Will all those _ t
41、he proposal raise theirhands? A. in relation to B. in excess of C. in contrast to D. in favor of 答案 D. in favor of. 注释 in favor of 赞成。 in excess of 超过。 in relation to 关系到。 in contrast to 与.相对照。例如：1) Everyone in the class voted in favor of the party.(=All of the children voted to have a party.) 2) We
42、 got $5000 in excess of the fixed sum. ( 我们盯定额多收入5000 美元。 ) 3) This appears small in contrast to (with) that. ( 这个同那个对比起来显得小了。) 4) I have a lot to say in relation to that affair. ( 我对那件事有许多话要说。) 5) We must plan in (with) relation to the future. (我们定计划时要考虑到将来。) 本题译文：请所有赞成此项建议的人举手。4. An early typewrit
43、er produced letters quickly andneatly; the typist, _ couldnt see his work on his machine. A. however B. therefore C. yet D. although 答案 A. however. 注释 however 然而。本题译文：早期的打字机打起字来又快又整齐, 然而打字员不能看着机器键盘打字。5. We are interested in the weather because it _us so directly - what we wear, what we do, and even
44、how we feel. A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. effects 答案 C. affects. 注释 affect (=have an influenceor effect on) 影响：The climate affected his health. ( 气候影响损害 了他的健康。) 注意 affect vt. 影响。effect n. (=influence) 影响 , 作用： Some films have a misleading effect on children. effect vt. (=bring about) 实行 , 进行
45、, 产生 .后果 : 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 29 页1) I will effect my purpose: no-one shall stop me! 2) We hope to effect an improvement. ( 我们希望能引起改进。) 注意两个常用的习语: 1) to that effect 那个意思的(话) ：She said she hated spinach, or words to that effect. ( 她说她不喜欢吃菠菜或那个意思的话。) 2) to the effect
46、 that. 意思是说 , 表示下述意思： I said a few words the effect that all he had told us was already well known. ( 我说了几句话 , 意思是说他告诉我们的一切都已众所周知。) 6. I can meet you at eight oclock; _ you can call for me. A. incidentally B. actually C. alternatively D. accordingly 答案 C. alternatively 注释 alternatively (=as analtern
47、ative) 作为一个替代办法：If however is used, but is not needed; or alternatively omit however. ( 如果使用 however,就不需要 but;或者作为一个替代办法省去 however。) 注意 alternately 和 alternatively 的区别 : alternately (交替地 ) ： At a Chinese dinner, the guests and the hosts sit alternately at a round table. 7. He has the _ of an athlete
48、: he really goes allout to win. A. instants B. instances C. instincts D. intelligences 答案 C. instincts. 注释 instinct 天生的本领。 instant n. 瞬间 , 时刻 ; adj. 立即的 , 直接的。如： instant coffee 速溶咖啡 ; instant food (s) 方便食品。例如：Spaceships are stocked with a variety of instant foods. (宇宙飞船上备有各种个样的方便食品。) 8. A university
49、 is an educational institution which_ degrees and carries out research. A. rewards B. awards C. grants D. presents 答案 B. awards. 注释 awards sb. sth. 授于某人某物。如：They awarded John the first prize. ( 他们授于约翰一等奖。 ) 对比：reward sb with sth. 以某物酬谢某人, 须加介词with; They rewarded the boy with $5 for bringing back the
50、 lost dog. ( 他们给这男孩5 美元酬谢他把丢失的狗找回来。) grant (=consent to give or allow what is asked for) 同意(给予 ) , 答应(请求 ) ： The firm granted him a pension. (公司同意给予他退休金。) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 29 页present sb. with sth. 赠送：Our class presented the schoolwith a picture. ( 我们班给学校送了一幅画。 )