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1、Unit 5 Canada “ The True North ”单元要点预览 （旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. within / in 2. broad / wide / widely / broadly 3. in / on / to ( 表示方位 ) 4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth. 词形变化1. Canada n.加拿大Canadian adj.加拿大的 n.加拿大人2. multi- (构词成分 ) 有很多的multicultural adj.多元
2、文化的 multiracial adj.多种族的multicoloured adj.多 色的multimedia n.&adj. 多媒体 (的) 3. extreme adj.极度 (端)的；n.极端，过分extremely adv.极端地；非常地distantly adv. 淡然地4. slightly adv. 轻微地slight adj.轻微的；纤细的5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准confirmation n. 证实6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰富的wealthily adv. 富有地，丰富地wealth n. 财富7. distance n. 距离di
3、stant adj. 远方的8. tradition n. 传统，惯例traditional adj. 传统的，习惯的traditionally adv 传统上的9. approximately adv. 近似地，几乎正确地approximate adj. 大概的 vt.接近 vi.(to) 近似重点单词1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定n.c,u尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配6. ne
4、arby adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近7. terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓8. impress vt. 使印象深刻重点词组1. rather than 是而不是；与其不如；不愿2. settle down 坐下或躺下； （使）安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见4. have a gift for. 对有天赋5. in the distance 在远处；在远方6. as far as 远到，直到；至于重点句子1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some m
5、easuring over 90 metres. 2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world. 重点语法同位语从句（见语法部分）语言要点（模块）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 15 页. 词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1. within / in 【解释】within指在时间或距离范围之内，表示“在这一范围内”， “不到”或“不超过” ，常和一般将来时，一般现在时或一般过去时连用in 是经过若干时间，表示
6、“过多少时间”时，通常和一般将来时连用经典例句 I ll be there within an hour.（ 一小时之内） / I ll be there in an hour.（一小时之后）【练习】根据句子意思用within 或 in 填空。1). My birthday is six days away. = My birthday is _ six days time / is _ six days. 2) He finished drawing the horse _ _five minutes. 3). Keep the dictionary _ your reach. the gr
7、ound is all wet. 4). My house is_ walking distance of my university. 答案： 1). in; in 2). in / within 3). within 4). within 2. broad / wide / widely / broadly 【解释】broad adj. 宽阔的 (着重于幅面的宽广)；可修饰背、肩、胸、心胸等的宽阔；开朗wide adj.&adv. 宽阔的 (着重于一边到另一边的宽度)；广泛的widely adv. 很开 (阔)；广泛 (多用于引伸意义中) broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上(gene
8、rally) 【练习】根据句子意思用broad，wide，widely ，broadly 填空。1). The hotel manager was shocked and stoof there with his mouth _ open. 2). He was six feet tall, with _ shoulders. 3). English is _ used all over the world. 4). _ speaking, I agree with you. 5). The room is three metres long and two metres _. 答案： 1).
9、 wide 2). broad 3). widely 4). Broadly 5). wide / broad 3. in / on / to ( 表示方位 ) 【解释】in “在之内” ，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域 )之内。on “在端边” ，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖。to “在面” ，即一个地方在另一个地方的范围之外，互不管辖。尤其当两个地方相隔较远，且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔时，通常用to。把河流、山脉、铁路等事物当做两地的分界线或基点， 且不说明河流、 山脉、铁路等是属于哪一方，通常使用介词to， 译为 “以(方向 )” 。此
10、外，表示一个地方离另一个地方有多远，也用to。【练习】根据句子意思用in，on， to 填空。1). China faces the Pacific _ the east. 2). China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the east of Japan. 3). North Korea is _ the northeast of China. 4). Taiwan is _ the southeast of Fujian Province. 5). The little town lies about one hundred miles _ the west
11、 of Guilin. 答案： 1). on 2). in; to 3). on 4). to 5). to 4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 15 页【解释】manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth. difficult 设法做成某些困难的事try to do sth. = seek to do sth. 设法做某事（不一定做成）a
12、ttempt to do sth.= try to so sth. difficult设法做某些困难的事（不一定做成）【练习】根据句子意思用manage，try，attempt，seek的适当形式填空。1). He was stubborn, but we _ to persuade him. 2). He _ to swim across the river, but failed. 答案： 1). managed 2). tried/sought/attempted . 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. Canada n.加拿大Canadian adj.加拿大的n.加拿大人2.
13、multi- (构词成分 ) 有很多的multicultural adj.多 元 文 化 的multiracial adj. 多种族的multicoloured adj. 多 色 的multimedia n.&adj. 多媒体 (的 ) 3. extreme adj.极度 (端)的；n.极端，过分extremely adv.极端地；非常地distantly adv. 淡然地4. slightly adv. 轻微地slight adj.轻微的；纤细的5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准confirmation n. 证实6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰富的wealthi
14、ly adv. 富有地，丰富地wealth n. 财富7. distance n. 距离distant adj. 远方的8. tradition n. 传统，惯例traditional adj. 传统的，习惯的traditionally adv 传统上的9. approximately adv. 近似地，几乎正确地approximate adj.大概的 vt.接近vi.(to) 近似【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1). When asked, she _ (confirmation) that she was going to retire. 2). He left as a
15、poor, working class boy and returned as a _ (wealth) man. 3). Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a _ (distance) nod. 4). Britain is increasingly a _ ( 多元文化的 ) society. 5). Earthquakes are _ (extreme) difficult to predict. 6). The _ ( distant) between his house and school is quite
16、short. 7). The color black is _ (tradition) associated with mourning. 8). Nowadays many young people still have _ (tradition) family values. 9). Among my pen pals, two are _ (Canada). 10). The job will take _ (approximate) three weeks. 答案： 1). confirmed 2). wealthy 3). distant 4). multicultural 5).
17、extremely 6). distance 7). traditionally 8). traditional 9). Canadians 10). approximately . 重点词汇 （旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊典例 1). What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麽? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 15 页2). I had a long chat with her (about her job). （关於她的工作）我和
18、她聊了很久。重点用法 chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。1). She often spends hours on the phone _ (chat) to her friends. 2). We had a nice chat _ (介词 ) a cup of tea. 答案： 1). chatting 2). over 2. eastward adv. 向东adj. 向东的；朝东的典例 1). They were traveli
19、ng eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飞机向东边飞去。词语归纳 eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地northeastwar
20、d(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向 东 北的，向东北地练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices( 徒弟 ) traveled _ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture. 2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an _ di
21、rection. 答案： 1). westward(s) 2). southward(s) 3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕surrounding adj. 周围的surroundings (常用 pl.)环境典例 1). Trees surround the pond. 树木围绕着池塘。2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。重点用法 surround.with. 用包围be surrounded by/with. 周 围 都是练习 用 surround 的短语或其适当形式填空。1). _ by a grou
22、p of children, he felt happy. 2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the _ areas. 3). She has always been _ _fashionable friends. 4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _. 5). With the house_, the thi ef couldn t flee and was caught.答案： 1). Surrounded 2). surrounding 3). surround
23、ed with 4). surroundings 5). surrounded 4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定n.c,u 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 15 页典例 1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗? 2). It s hard to measure his ability when we haven t seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。重点用法 me
24、asure A by B 用 B 衡量 A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4 米宽 2 米measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服练习 用 measure 的短语填空或翻译句子。1). The tailor made a suit _ _ _. 2). Success isn t _ _ how much money you have. 3). 我们教室的尺寸是长10 米宽 6 米。_ 答案： 1). to my measure 2). measured by 3
25、). Our classroom measures 6 metres by 10 metres. 5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配mixture n.u,c 混合（物）；混合状态典例 1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。2). Oil and water don t mix. 油和水不能混合。3). Oil won t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。词语归纳 mix 的短语：mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物mix sth. i
26、n/into 把某物掺进去be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起练习 用 mix 的短语的适当形式或介词填空。1). Don t try to _ business _ pleasure. 2). Mix the eggs _ the flour. 3). I don t want to _ _ _ in the affair. 答案： 1). mix; with 2). into 3). be mixed up 6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近典例 1). Her mother lived in a nearby tow
27、n. 他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的妈妈住在附近。重点用法 nearby 作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby. 7. terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓terrified adj. 恐惧的；受惊吓的terrifying adj. （令人）可怕的典例 1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。2). Her
28、 husband s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。重点用法 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 15 页be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）练习 用 terrify 的适当形式或介词填空。1). She _ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam. 2). She was terrified _ the thought that Ronnie wou
29、ld kidnap Sam. 3). It was a _ experience. 答案： 1). was terrified that 2). at 3). terrifying 8. impress vt.使印象深刻； 使铭记impression n.c 印象； 感想impressive adj.给人印象深刻的典例 1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工
30、作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。重点用法 impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物make/give/crate an impression on/upon. 给一个印象have/get the impression that 有的印象练习 用 impress 的短语或介词填空。1). Father _ _ me the value of hard work. 2). One candidate in particular _ us _ her knowledge. 3). You _ an excellent _ _
31、us. 4). When I first met him I _ _ _ _ he was a humorous man. 答案： 1). impressed; on 2). impressed; with 3). made; impression upon 4). had the impression that . 重点词组 （旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）1. rather than. 是而不是；与其不如；不愿典例 1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he
32、 sold them at half price 与其让蔬菜烂掉， 他半价把它们卖掉。重点用法 do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做 B 却做 A A rather than B 是 A 而不是 B would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做 A 而不做 B prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A 而不做 B would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事注意：ra
33、ther than 表示客观事实， 它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、 介词 (短语 )、动名词、 分句、 不定式、 动词等。 后接不定式时， 不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但 rather than 位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。练习 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。1). He came running all the way _ _walking. 2). Rather than _ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ (ride) a bicycle. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总
34、结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 15 页3). I d rather you _ _ (not come) yesterday. 4). She likes to keep things in the house _ _ throw them away, though many are useless. 5). I think Tom, _ _ you, _ _ _ (blame). 6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_ 答案： 1). rather than 2). ride; to ride 3). hadnt come 4). rather than 5). rather
35、than; is to blame 6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street. 2. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下； （使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等典例 1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麽时候结婚过上安定生活? 短语归
36、纳 与 settle 相关的短语：settle down to 使某人安下心来做settle (down) in . 在定居下来settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端 /争论 /问题练习 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。1). Something is disturbing him, so he can t _ _ _ (安下心来 ) his work. 2). He finally settled down to _ (do) his homework. 3). They have finally _ _ _ Canada. 答案： 1). se
37、ttle down to work 2). doing 3). settled down in 3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见典例 He was happy to catch sight of an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。短语归纳 sight 短语：lose sight of 看不见；不再看见keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离at (the) sight of 一看到（就）in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内out of sight 看不见；在视线外have good/poor sig
38、ht/eyesight 视力好 /差练习 用 sight 的短语填空。1). _ _ _ his mother, the boy stopped crying. 2). She watched the train until it went _ _ _. 3). I _ _ _ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I _ _ _ him. 4). Be sure to _ _ _ your luggage while you re at the airport. 答案： 1). At the sigh
39、t of 2). out of sight 3). caught sight of; lost sight of 4). keep sight of 4. have a gift for. 对有天赋典例 1). He has a gift for music. 他有音乐天才。2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages. 你有学外语的天赋。重点用法 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 15 页have a gift for (doing) sth.= have
40、 the gift to do sth. 对有天赋；有做某事的才能a man of excellent gifts 一个非常有才华的人a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人练习 翻译句子。1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。_ 2). 我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。_ 答案： 1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories. 2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher. 5. in the distance 在远处；在远方典例 1). We can se
41、e the mountain in the distance. 我们从远处就可以看到那座山。2). Night fell. The hills in the distance turned dark blue. 夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。短语归纳 distance 短语：at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些from a distance 从远方keep a distance别靠近keep sb. at a distance 对某人保持疏远练习 用 distance 的短语或介词填空。1). We can see a windmill _ the distance. 2). Th
42、e picture looks better _ a distance. 3). He was asked many times to join the party, but he always _ _ _. 答案：1). in 2). at 3). kept his distance 6. as far as 远到，直到；至于典例 1). I ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我陪你走到邮局。2). I ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已读到第三章了。短语归纳 far 短语：as/so far
43、as sb. knows 就某人所知as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来 /所说 /所记得as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人 /事物而言far from sth 毫不；一点也不；远非So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。练习 用 far 的短语填空。1). _ _ _ _ _ ( 对我个人来说), you can do what you like. 2). The problem is _ _ _ ( 绝非易事 ). 3). We ll go by train _ _ _ ( 直
44、到 ) London, and then take a bus. 答案： 1). As far as I m concerned 2). far from easy 3). as far as . 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 15 页润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90 米。解释 1. so.t
45、hat 如此以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to 或 enough to 来变为简单句，如：She was so angry that she couldn t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。辨析： so.that 与 such.that：so.that 与 such.that 意思一致， that 均引导结果状从句，但是so 为副词， such 为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。 so +adj. / adv. + that 从句或 so +adj. + a(n) + 单名 + that 从句Sh
46、e is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。 such + adj. + 复名 + that 从句或 such + a(n) + 单名 + that 从句She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes. 他们是如此淘气以致于经常犯错误。提示：在so十 much manylittle few + n. +that 从句
47、结构中，little 当“少”讲，接在so之后，但当little 当“小”讲时，应接在such 之后。如：They are such little children that they can t look after themselves. 他们是那么小的孩子还不能自理。Our team played so well that we won the game. = Our team played well enough to win the game. 我们的球队踢得真好，结果赢得了比赛。解释 2. some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：独立主格结构由名
48、词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词 (代词 ) + 现在分词 /过去分词 /形容词 /副词 /不定式 /介词短语，如：(1) 作时间状语The meeting over, they left the hall. (2) 作原因状语My watch having been lost, I didn t know what time it was.(3) 作条件状语Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you. (4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明
49、Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets. 练习 根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。1). She is _ lovely a girl _ all pf us like very much. 2). They are _ little worms _we can t see them with our eyes. 3). The test _ (finish), we began our holiday. 4). Weather _ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow. 5). He cam
50、e into the room, his ears _ _ _ ( 冻得发紫 ). 6). He came out of the library, a book _ _ _ ( 夹在胳膊下 ). 答案：1). so; that 2). such; that 3). finished 4). permitting 5). his ears red with cold 6). under his arm. 2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水量比世界上其他任何一个国