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1、高中语法：直接引语 & 间接引语. 引导词的选择及语序1. 陈述句： S + V + that + 陈述语序(S + V) “ That is the trouble ” , said Bill. 改为： Bill said _ _ _ the trouble. 【注】 ：that 可省略， 但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that 不可省略。He told me (that) he had finished his work and that he would like to have a holiday. 2. 一般疑问句： S + V + if / whether + 陈述
2、语序(S + V) He asked, “ Are you leaving tonight? ”改为： He asked us _ _ _ leaving that night. 3. 特殊疑问句： S + V + what / who / which / whose / when + 陈述语序(S + V) “ Why did you lock the door? ” father said to Anne. 改为： Father asked Anne _ _ _ _ the door. 4.祈使句： S + V + sb. to do / not to do (1)表示“命令” ： tel
3、l, order, command (2)表示“请求” ： ask, beg, request (3)表示“建议” ： advise, suggest “ Dont make noise in the library. ” the teacher said to the students. 改为： The teacher _ the students_ _ _ noise in the library. . 时态的一致1 主句是 过去时 ，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 7 页直接
4、引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时不变一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时直接引语间接引语I work hard. He said that he _ hard. I am working hard. He said that he _ hard. I was working hard. He said that he _ hard. I worked hard. He said that he _ hard. I had worked hard. He said that he _ hard. I am going to work hard. H
5、e said that he _ hard. 2 直接引语是客观真理时，变成间接引语时时态不变：The teacher said, “ The earth goes round the sun.”改为： The teacher _ _ _ _ noise in the library. 3. 直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变：Wei Fang said, “ I was born in 1994. ”改为： Wei Fang said _ _ _ born in 1994. 4.直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变：He says, “ I hav
6、e been married for 3 years.”改为： He said that _ _ _ _ for 3 years. . 人称及状语的变化精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页1 人称变化：“一主二宾三不变”（直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变）试观察：She said to him, “ I am very hungry.”改为： She told him that she was very hungry. She said to him, “ You are ver
7、y nice.”改为： She told him that he was very nice. She said to him, “ Lily is very nice.”改为： She told him that Lily was very nice. 2.状语与限定词变化： “这这那那，来来去去”直接引语间接引语this that these those now then today that day tomorrow the next day / the following day yesterday the day before / the previous day next year
8、 / week / month the next year / week / month last year / night / week the year / night / week before ago before here there come go “ I put the key on this table yesterday. ”改为： _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页. Exercise 一. 改写句子（把直接引语改为间接引语）1.“I am having supper,” he said. 改
9、为： He said that _ _ having supper. 2.“ I ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. 改为： Gina _ me that _ _ _ the film. 3.“I went home with my sister, ” she said. 改为： She said that _ _ _ home with her sister. 4.The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the moon.”改为： The teacher said that the sun _ bigger t
10、han the moon. 5.“ I met her yesterday,” he said to me. 改为： He told me that he _ _ her _ _ _. 6.“ You must come here before five, ” he said. 改为： He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7.“ Were you born in 1979?” he said. 改为： He _ me _ I _ born in 1979. 8.He said, “ You can sit here, Jim.”改为： He _ Jim
11、that he _ _ _. 9.He asked, “ How did you find it, mother? ”改为： He asked his mother _ _ _ _ it. 10. “ Where have you been these days? ” he asked. 改为： He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 11. “ Do you know where she lives? ” he asked. 改为： He asked _ _ knew where she _. 12. “ Keep quite, children. ” he said.
12、 改为： He _ the children _ _ quite. 13. “ Don t look out of the window, ” she said. 改为： She _ me _ _ _ out of the window. 14. “ Are you interested in this? ” he said. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页改为： He _ _ I was interested in _. 二句子翻译：1. 汤姆说他2009 年加入了这家驾驶俱乐部。_ 2. 他告诉我他把书落在房
13、间里了。_ 3.凯特问我当天晚上是否陪她看电影。_ 4.我的小学英语老师常说熟能生巧。_ 5.妈妈问我是怎么修好我的单车的。_ 6.老师让学生们别浪费自己的时间。_ 7.她说她在等车的时候就读完那本书了。_ 8.警察问那个人前天晚上他在公园里都干了些什么。_ 9.他说他求职时已经告诉他们他的故事了。_ 10. 将军命令所有士兵马上上前线。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页_ 下面的只打一份给老师. Keys: . 1. that that was 2. whether / if we were 3. why she
14、had locked 4. told, not to make . 2. that the earth goes 3. that she was 4. he has been married Exercise: 一. 1. he was 2. told she had seen 3. she had gone 4. is 5. had met; the day before 6. had; there; 7. asked; if / whether; was 8. told; could sit there 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -
15、 -第 6 页，共 7 页9. how she had found 10. where I had; those 11. if / whether I; lived 12. told; to keep 13. told; not to look 14. asked if / whether; that 二 1. Tom said that he joined the driving club in 2009. 2. He told me that he had left his book in his room. 3. Kate asked me if / whether I would go
16、 to the cinema with her that evening. 4. My English teacher in the primary school often said that practice makes perfect. 5. My mother asked me how I had repaired my bike. 6. The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 7. She said she had finished reading the book while she was waiting for the bus. 8. The policeman asked the man what he had done in the park the night before. 9. He said that he had told them all about his story when he asked for a job. 10. The general ordered all his soldiers to go to the front line at once. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 7 页