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1、精品资料欢迎下载初中英语 if 引导的条件状语从句在 if 引导的条件状语从句中， if 和条件句位置灵活， 可直接放在主句后面，若 if 条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则 .引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if(如果） 、unless （除非）或 as long as（只要）等。 unless在意思上等于 if.not。一、条件状语从句用法1、 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由 if 引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙 ,他会帮你的。If you f
2、ail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你 考试不及格 ,你会让他失望的。另外,if 从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设 ,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如: If I were you, I would invite him to the party. 如果我是你 ,我会邀请他参加聚会。2、unless = if.not.除非,若不,除非在 的时候例如： Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. =If you are not too tired, l
3、ets go out for a walk. Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨 ,比赛将照常进行。二、时态问题在条件状语从句中，要注意“ 主将从现 ” 的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。例句：I will come to see you if I have time. 我有时间，我就来看你。三 如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如：If bears are in danger ,they attack people. 误区提醒if 既可以引导条件状语从句，表示
4、“ 如果” ，也可以引导宾语从句，表达“ 是否” 。辨别它在这两种从句中的时态是我们经常容易出错的地方。另外，if 和unless的用法也需注意。典型例题：-I wonder if your wife to the party. -If your wife _, so will mine 。. A. will go ， go B. will go, goes C.goes, will go D. will go, will go 解析：第一句中 if 表示“ 是否” ， 引导宾语从句， 用将来时 will go ； 第二句 “ 如果你的妻子去，我的妻子也去” ，if 引导条件状语从句，用一般现
5、在时表示将来时。 your wife，单三人称主语，所以用goes 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页精品资料欢迎下载总结IF 引导的一、表示将来可能发生的：(1) If sb does sth, sb will do sth = sb will do sth if sb does sth 主句一般将来时从句一般现在时(2)主句为祈使句或情态动词形式If sb does sth, please do sth If sb does sth, sb may(情态动词) do sth 二、表必然发生的If sb does
6、 sth, sb/sth does sth = sb/sth do sth if sb does sth 主句一般现在时，从句一般现在时（相当于when 引导的从句）Unless引导的sb will do sth unless sb does sth if sb does not do sth 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页精品资料欢迎下载练习1.He _ (fail) in the exam if he _ (not study) hard. 2.Unless you _ (leave) now, you _(
7、be) late. 3.We _ (have) a barbecue unless it _ (rain) . 4.Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（同义句转换）_ you don t hurry up, you _ catch the early bus.5.Study hard, or youll miss fall behind.（同义句转换）_ you study hard, you_ fall behind. 6.If you dont put on your scarf, youll catch cold.（同义句转换）Put on your
8、scarf, _ youll catch cold.7.I dont know if it_ tomorrow. ）(表是否，用将来时态 ) If it _ ,I wont go shopping. (rain)（表如果，用现在时态）8.I want to know if he _(come) tomorrow, if he _(come), I _(give) the massage to him. 9. Please let us know if he _(arrive) tomorrow. 请告诉我们他明天 是否会来Please let us know if he _ (arrive)
9、tomorrow. 如果他明天来的话请告诉我们10.I m sure if he _(go) to the party, he_ (have) a great time. 11.If the rain _(stop) tonight, we will go to the cinema. 12.I ll buy a computer if I _(have) enough money.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页精品资料欢迎下载13.You _(not get) nervous if you _(do ) eno
10、ugh exercise. 14.If she _ (be) kind to me , I _(not argue) with her. 15.If you _(pay) more attention to that, he _ (not get) injured. 16.Mr Li will be mad if we _(break) the rules. 17. If it _ (be) cloudy, they _(not go) there by air. 18.Shall I say “Hello ” when the foreigner _(come) into the class
11、room? 19.Hell get better grades if he _ (study )hard.20. If you work really hard, you _ (be) famous and rich. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页精品资料欢迎下载if 条件状语从句的时态练习一在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina ( will go/go/goes) to Europe if she (will pass/pass/passes) the exams . 2. The graduates (w
12、ill teach/teach/teaches) in the poor village if the Ministry of Education (will agree/ agree/agrees) soon. 3. If a UFO (will land/land/lands) in front of me, I (will go/go/goes) in to look for the alien. 4. If he (will have/have/has) money, he (will bulid/build/builds) a science lab. 5.Dont wait for
13、 me if I (am/ will be) late.6.They (won t/don t) go to the beach if it (will rain/rain /rains).7. I (will call/ call) you if he (will stay/stay /stays) at home. 8. (Will / Do/ Does) he visit the museum if he (wont / dont/ doesnt) get tired? 9. Where (will/ do/does) they live if they (will miss/ miss
14、/ misses) the bus? 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.If you _(feel) tired, you _ (have) to have a rest. 3. If there _(be) fewer trees, there _( be) more pollution. 5. If Marcia _(live) alone, she _( keep) a pet parrot. 6. Lana _( buy) a new dress if the old one _(be) out of style. 7.The twins _(fight) if they_(argue).
15、 8. I _(have) a bake sale if I _(need) money for education. 9. Peter _( send) me a beautiful souvenir if he _(tour) Spain. 10. If Mr Green _(say) I am hard- working, my parents _( feel) glad. 11.I _(go) to the beach if it_ ( not rain) this week. 12. _they _( have) a match if the P.E. teacher _(be) b
16、usy? 13.He _(write) a letter to his grandparents if he _(get) his report card this week. 14. If she _(get) up late, she _ ( not catch) the early bus. 15. Peter _(major) in English if he _(pass) the exams in Peking University. .单项选择（ 15 分）1.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will goB.
17、 went C. go D. going 2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes. 3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. carry D. make 4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A. for B. to C. on D. with 5 I _ her the answer
18、if she _me. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页精品资料欢迎下载A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks 6. What are you going to do tomorrow? -We ll go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. won t rain D. doesn t rain7.Do you k
19、now when he will come back tomorrow? -Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit?A. go B. went C.going D. will go 9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat.A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too 10. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 1-5 CDBAD 6-10 DAACB 11-15 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页