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1、八年级英语下册第一单元1. be scared of sb./sth./doing sth. 恐惧某人 /某物/做某事2. go up 上升 , 与 rise 同义,与 go down 或 set 相反3. make a noise 发出声响,吵闹4. arrive in 到达,表示到达某一城市、国家等大地方时,用介词in;表示到达某一村庄、车站等小地方时, 用介词 at ;到达的地方用副词表示时, 可不用介词。5. notuntil直到才6. see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事7. go cycling 相当于 go to ride a bike ,意思是去骑车。8. h
2、it sb. on the head 表示“打某人的头”,表示的“打某人的脸” 要用 hit sb. in the face 。9. turn around 转身10. fall off 摔下来11. give sb. a push 推某人一下12. help sb. do sth. = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事13. get off 从下来,通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等。14. think about 思考、想起、想到(某人或某事)15. all day 一整天16. one by one 一个接一个地, 类似有 year by year 一年又一年; day
3、 by day 一天又一天。17. hold on 有两个意思,一个是“(电话)不挂断”;一个是“抓紧”。18. come down 下来19.Whats the weather like ?=How is the weather? 天气怎么样20.on the radio 通过收音机21the same as 和.一样。反义短语: be different from 22Whats the date today? 今天几号? What day is it today?今天星期几 ?Whats the temperature? 23.maybe(句首)=perhaps(句首)=may be(句
4、中) 24.the difference between.and. 两者之间的不同之处25.thank you for doing sth.感谢做某事26.表示建议: lets do.;Shall we do.;How/What about doing.; Why not do.,You better do.;Would you please do sth.?27.Why dont you do sth.=Why not do sth.为什么不做 .?28.Would you please(not) /do sth请某人做(不要做)某事好吗?29.Youd better (not) do st
5、h最好做(不要做 )某事好吗?30.on the playground在操场上31.This is the+基数词 +主语+have/has +p.p这是某人第几次做 . 32.make a loud noise发出很大声响33wake up:醒来; wake.up:叫醒第二单元精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页1. grow into 长成2. pass sb. sh. = pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物3. billions of 数十亿的,hundred, thousand, million ,
6、 billion 等词前面有具体数字时,其本身用单数形式,直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时, 这些词用复数形式,而且常与介词 of 连用修饰名词。4. look after = take care of 照顾,照料。 Look after.well=take good care of仔细照顾5. be full of 满,充满 =be filled with 6. be made of/from由制成, be made of 表示在制成的过程中,原材料没有发生质的变化;be made from 表示在制成的过程中, 原材料发生质的变化。 be made by 被(某人)制造; be made
7、 in 在(某地)制造7. carry away 把搬(移)走8. on the tree=on trees 在树上,指的是树上本身的东西,即长在树上;in the tree=in trees 也表示在树上,但它所指的是外来的东西, 不是树本身的东西。9. make into 把制成10. half of 中的一半, 当 of 后面是不可数名词或单数时,谓语用单数,如果half of 后边所接的是可数名词的复数,那么谓语用复数。11. look like 看起来像12. use to do sth.用来做,其中to do sth. 表示目的和用途。13. put outside /on /in
8、to把放在的外边/上面/里面14. turn into 变成; turninto 把变成15.cover.with.用.覆盖; be covered with 被覆盖16.What is.for?.是做什么用的?17.feed.to sb./sth. 把.喂给某人 /某物; feed sb.on/with sth. 用喂养18.in the shade: 20.have nothing to do: 无事可做第三单元1. play with 与一起玩;拿来玩2. slow down 慢下来3. come from = be from 来自4. all kinds of 各种各样的; diffe
9、rent kinds of 不同种类的;a kind of 一种5. protect sb. /sth. against/ from sth. 保护、保卫某人 /某事物不受的侵害。6. go extinct 灭绝7. stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(在主动语态中from 可以省略,在被动语态中 from 不可以省略)8. make friends with 与交朋友9. take photos of 给某人照相10. wake up 醒来11. have a good day 玩的愉快12. play a joke on 开某人的玩笑, 戏弄某人;have a
10、 joke with sb. 与某人一起以某事取笑; make a joke about/of sb./sth. 拿某人(某事)开玩笑13. stand still 一动不动地站着精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页14. get out of 除外走动; get out of sth./doing sth. 逃避(责任或义务),不做份内的事, (使某人)放弃、停止或戒除(习惯等)15. be famous / well-known for 以著名,以闻名;be famous as 著名的16. get/be marr
11、ied 结婚,get/be married to sb. 和某人结婚二、词语辨析1. through ,across穿过through 指“从里面(中心)穿过” ,其含义与 in 有关,尤指森林、人群等。across 指“从表面通过”,其含义与 on 有关2. nearly , almost 几乎,差不多almost 表达的程度比 nearly更接近一些。nearly 不能用于修饰否定词,但可被not 修饰。3. above , over 在上方above 是介词,表“在上方” , “比还高”,与 below 相反。over 也有“在上方”的意思,但是它着重指正上方,或盖在上面的意思,而 ab
12、ove 并不强调在正上方第四单元1. look into 研究,调查2. do an experiment 做一个试验3. fill/cover with 用把装满 /盖住; fill in 填上4. upside down 向下翻转过来5. right side up 正面朝上6. turn over 使翻转7. in front of 在前面(在范围外) ;in the front of 在前面(在范围内)8. on top of 在顶端9. take sth. off sth. 使某物离开或脱离(一表面或边缘) ;take off (指飞机等)起飞,匆忙离去; take sth. off
13、 (从身上)除掉、脱下(衣物等)10. be ready for 准备11. take away 取走12. be surprised (at)使惊奇 to ones surprise令某人惊奇的是 , in surprise 13. a spoonful of 一匙14. dissolve in 溶化,溶解15. half full of 一半16. use up 用光,用完17. adj+enough to do sth. 足够做某事二、辨析1. find , look for , hunt 找find 强调找的结果,意为“找到”look for 强调动作过程,“寻找”hunt, hunt
14、 for sb. sth. 意思寻找,寻找某人某物,与look for 同义。第五单元精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页1. go to.on foot=walk to.:步行去 . 2. Of course.=Sure.=Certainly :当然!3. take a ship :坐轮船4. a new type of :一种新型的 . 5. high-speed trains :高速列车6. in large numbers :大量的7. had better+ 动词原形:最好 . 否定: had better
15、not+ 动原8. in a hurry:匆忙与 hurry to do sth 9. make presentation :发言;演讲10. glue sth onto. :把某物粘到 .上11. at the front of:在.前面(强调平面空间)in the front of 强调立体空间。12. get+形容词 =be+形容词:变得 . 13. in the future:在将来14. send sb from one place to another place:把某人从一个地方送到另一个地方15. learn about :学习关于 . think about:思考;考虑16.
16、 present sth to :向 .展示某物第六单元1. connect to :连接到 . 2. hear from sb=get/receive/have a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信 ,hear of 听说3. in small groups:在小群体中4. in a short time:在短时间内5. thousands of :数以千计的hundreds of :数以百计的6. answer the phone :接电话7. right now=at once:立刻;马上;现在8. take a message for sb :给某人留口信9. wait
17、a moment :等一下10. chat on the Internet :网上聊天11. millions of:成千上万的12. get/buy sth for sb :为某人买某物13. fail to do sth :,(未能做某事 )fail in dong sth, 做某事失败 succeed in doing sth,做某事成功14. feel like doing sth.=want to do sth :=would like to do sth.想要做某事第七单元1.be abroad :在国外go abroad :出国2.pen pal :笔友3.travel arou
18、nd the world:环游世界4.four main oceans :四大洋5.give a report:作报告6.at the end=finally:最后精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页7.keep doing sth :一直做某事8.look up:查找第八单元1. pick up:捡起2. clean up :清理3. finish doing sth:做完某事4. throw away:扔掉;乱丢5. reusable bags :可重复使用的袋子6. give prizes:颁奖7. leaking toilet:卫生间渗漏8. make into:制作成9. worry about:担心10. try not to do:试着不要做11. make the most pollution :造成最大的污染12. make less pollution :减少污染13. the next day :第二天14. take a walk :散步15. sort into:分类成16. make out of :用.制造精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页