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1、高考英语阅读真题实训（重点：词义猜想题指导与训练）利用上下文中的特定语法关系关系猜想词义(一)英语中and和or往往会表示它们所连接的两者的对应关系，通过分析语境，利用 and和or往往能够猜出生词的意思。彳列句(1 )： Children often try to emulate or copy the behavior that they see on television.分析：从emulate or copy的语法关系可以判断出，emulate的意思相当于copy。例句 (2) ： Just as a proverb goes, Life begins at forty. At for
2、ty-two May is still in her prime and always full of energy.分析：句中的and,连接了两个语法关系等同的成分，所以不难看出，prime的意 思相当于 full of energy o彳列句 (3) ： The new tax law supersedes, or replaces the law that was in effect last year.分析：此句中，作者考虑至supersede 一词可能是生词，紧接着用or引出replace, 实际上是在该词的同义词replace对supersede进行解释，因为replace是比拟常
3、用的 词,读者可根据replace 一词的词义能很容易地推断出supersede 一词的大概意思来， 即”取代，接替阅读真题实训A.I love my blackberry-its my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts .Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times w
4、hen I need to move away from these devices and truly communicate with others.On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the
5、 material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule no laptop, iPad, phone, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .(3) passagefpaesids n.a. a long narrow area with walls on each side that leads from one room to anothe
6、rb. a short section of a book or articleoverlook t ou vlu k vt.a. to have a view of something from aboveb. to fai1 to notice somethinghandcuff fhaendkA f vt.a. to put gloves on the hands of someoneb. to put metal rings round someones wristsMake the best choice according to the passage.(1) The underl
7、ined phrase Hbe in line for, ( paragraph 1 ) means A. getB. be paidC. ask forD. ownVicki became suspicious of David Bibber because.A. the police called herB. he looked very strangeC. he came to the hotel with little luggageD. he came to the hotel the day before New Years EveVickis heart missed a bea
8、t because.A. the phone went againB. she would be famousC. the policemen had already arrivedD. she saw 20 policemen in the car parkDavid Bibber was most probably handcuffed in.A. the passageB. the mans roomC. Vickis bedroomD. Vickis bedroomE. the top floor room(2) The whole event probably lasted abou
9、t hours from the moment Bibbercame to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers.A. 6 B. 8C. 11 D. 14A.Part L1. (1) a (2)b (3)a (4) a (5) bPart IL1 4: DA ADB.Part I.1. (l)b (2) a (3)b Part II.1-4: B D A CC.Part I.1. (1) b (2) a (3) a Part II.1 -4: C D B AD.Part I.1. (1) a (2) aPart II.(4) b (5)
10、 b(4) a (5) a(3) a (4) a (5) b15 ABCACMost students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. Theres a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. Theres no truth in that at all. I love technology and
11、try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for
12、 too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion.Ive been teaching my history class in this
13、 way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind abo
14、ut technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, Im sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.(From Beijing gaokao, 359 words)Guess the meaning of each word through the context.(1) device divais n.a. an objec
15、t or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular jobb. a method of doing something that produces a particular result or effectthoroughly 1 0A roli adv.a. very muchb. completely and with great attention to detailassume osju： m v.a. to think or accept that something Is true but with
16、out having proof of itb. to take or begin to have power or responsibilityrelate ri 4eit v.a. to be connected with something/somebodyb. to be able to understand and have sympathy with somebody/something dig dig v.a. to make a hole in the ground or to move soil from one place to another using your han
17、dsb. to search for information2. Make the best choice according to the passage.(1) Some of the students in the history class were unhappy withA. the course materialB. others9 misuse of technologyC. discussion topicsD. the authors class regulatorThe underlined word “engage in para.4 probably meansA.
18、exploreB. acceptC. change D. rejectAccording to the author, the use of technology in the classroom mayA. keep students from doing independent thinkingencourage students to have in-depth conversationsB. help students to better understand complex themesaffect students5 concentration on course evaluati
19、on(4)It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the authoris quite stubbornA. will give up teaching historywill change his teaching plan soonB. values technology-free dialogues in his classB.“Have a nice day“ may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have
20、 a nice day“ with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.“Have a nice day. Next!” The version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the doo
21、r. The words came out in the same tone with a fixed procedure. They ace spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone elses is the managements attempt to increase business.The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indi
22、cates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say. Oh, you just had a tooth out? Im terribly sorry, but have a nice day”The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day to you, you ma
23、y find it heart-warming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and the
24、countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, its nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really dont care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is tha
25、t people say it all the time when they like.(From Guangdong gaokao, 312 words)Guess the meaning of each word through the context.(1) gesture *d3 estf o(r) n.a. a movement that you make with your hands, your head or your face to show a particular meaningb. something you say or do to show a particular
26、 feeling or intentionsecure siju o(r) adj.a. feeling happy or confident about yourself or a particular situationb. not likely to move, fal1 down, etcprocedure pro* si:dj o(r) n.a. a medical operationb. a way of doing something, especially the usual or correct wayindicate *indi keit v.a. to show that
27、 something is true or existsb. (instrument ) show a measurement , reading and so oncustom kA stom n.a. the fact of a person or people buying goods or services at a shop/store or businessb. an accepted way of behaving or of doing something in a society or a communityMake the best choice according to
28、the passage.(1) How does the author understand Maxies words?A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day.C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.D. Maxie really worries about the authors security.(2) What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
29、A. The salesgirl is rude.B. The salesgirl is bored.C. The salesgirl cares about me.D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.(3) By saying “Have a nice day，a stranger may.A. try to be polite to youexpress respect to youB. give his blessing to youshare his pleasure with you(4 ) According to the la
30、st paragraph, people say “Have a nice day.A. sincerelyas thanksB. as a habitencouraginglyC.When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Bastille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldnt
31、take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note一Please add a bottle of b
32、uttermilk next deliveryand place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Bastille even had a key to our house, for those times w
33、hen it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldnt And I remember Mr. Bastille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the product
34、ion of cheaper milk thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practiced to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. 1 took it home and planted it on the ba
35、ck porch. Every so often my sons friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.(From National gaokao, 318 words)1. Guess the meaning of each word through the context.(1) deliver dill vo(r) v.a. to give birth to
36、 a new babyb. to bring something to a destinationpen pen v.a. to write somethingb. to shut an animal or a person in a small spaceexist ig*zist v.a. to be present in the world as a real thingb. to live, especially under difficult conditions or with very little food or money (4) freeze fri:z v.c. to b
37、ecome hard, and often turn to ice as a result of extreme coldd. to keep food at a very low temperature in order to preserve itcompete kgmpi:t v.a. to try to be more successful or better than somebody elseb. to take part in a contest or a gameMake the best choice according to the passage.(1) Mr. Bast
38、ille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer .A. to show his magical powerB. to pay for the deliveryC. to satisfy his curiosityD. to please his motherWhat can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?A. He wanted to have tea there.B. He was a respectable person
39、.C. He was treated as a family member.D. He was fully trusted by the family.(2) Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now.B. It has been driven out of the market.C. Its service is getting poor.D. It is forbidden by law.(3) Why did the author bring back home an o
40、ld milk box?A. He missed the good old days.B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He planted flowers in it.D.One of Britains bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected police killer David Bibber and was thanked with flowers by the police.
41、 It was also said that she could b。in line for a share of up to 30,000 reward money.Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bibbers bedroom and
42、to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building.She said: nI was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there.”The alarm had been raised because Vicki be
43、came suspicious of the guest who checked in at 3 p. m. the day before New Years Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said: nHe didnt seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact/1 Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her bosses Margare
44、t, 64, and husband Stan McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 p. m.Officers from North Umbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunstan, Gates head, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.It was about ten past two in
45、 the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?. My heart missed a beat.”Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key.nI realized that my bedroom
46、 window overlooks that part of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man*s room, but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed
47、.(From Hunan gaokao, 382 words)1. Guess the meaning of each word through the context.(1) suspicious so spif as a.a. feeling that someone can not be trustedb. making you believe that something is wrongcontact *kD ntaekt n.a. communication between people either by talking or writing, etcb. a situation in which things touch each other