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1、备战高考概要写作之赢肢理论指导及实战演练0要点精析概要写作的备考建议概要写作，其实我们考生并不陌生，在日常的英语教学中，教师经常让学生就所学英 语课文逐段概括段落大意或者复述课文，这在一定程度上都为概要写作打基础。除此之外, 作为考生，还要注意以下几点：1 .积累常见的同义短语和句型转换，掌握并运用单词、短语和句型。“巧妇难为无米 之炊”，即使有再好的写作技巧，如果没有相应的基础词汇和句法知识，也很难写出概要写 作的上乘之作。因此，考生要在基础词汇和句法知识上下功夫，以不变应万变。解构句子结 构的能力，并重点培养对语篇的速读与关键信息的捕捉能力及对语篇的再造能力。2 .进行适度地专题练习。有计
2、划地进行适度练习有利于考生快速掌握概要写作的要 点，找到概要写作的感觉，冲破对概要写作的不适感。平时可多关注往年的高考阅读文章, 进行结构分析和主旨概括训练。可按文体和题材，分类训练篇章结构的布局，增强对文章上 下文连贯性的把握。概要写作首先要掌握各种文体的写作特点和框架。说明文概要写作技巧说明文（Exposition）写作抓住关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句。说明文体的阅读材 料内容大致可以分为以下几类：现象揭示类：The article points out the common phenomenon（主题），which.（补充解释）利弊比照类：The article compares th
3、e disadvantages/benefits of A and B. A. while B.The passage discusses the impact of sth.On the positive side,., but it may also. approach to dealing with plastic pollution, said Joe Franses, Vice President, Sustainability at Coca-Cola European Partners.【参考答案】With plastic wastes invading the ocean an
4、d threatening marine lives, plastic pollution is among the most serious problems on the earth. To deal with the situation. Coca-Cola thinks of a creaive solution called KeelClip, which substitutes paper board for plastic wrapping, thus saving lots of plastic and CO2 annually. The case shows innovati
5、on behind Coca-Colas commitment to sustainable eco- friendly packaging.【解析】这是一篇说明文概要写作。【详解】这篇概写语言精练，从三方面概括了文章要点。根据第一段中Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing problem of the 21st Century with plastic waste almost everywhere.（塑料污染已经成为21世纪最紧迫的问题之一，塑料垃圾几乎无处不在）可知， With plastic wastes invadi
6、ng the ocean and threatening marine lives, plastic pollution is among the most serious problems on the earth.（随着塑料垃圾进入海洋，威胁着海洋生物，塑料污染是地 球上最严重的问题之一）；根据第二段中Luckily, Coca-Cola st叩ped up to the challenge and came up with one innovative and rather effective solution.（幸运的是，可口可乐公司接受了这一 挑战，并提出了一个创新且相当有效的解决方
7、案）和第三段中The firm is optimistic that the move will save 2,000 tons of plastic and 3,000 tons of CO2 annuaHy.（该公司乐观地认为，此举每 年将节省 2000 吨塑料和 3000 吨二氧化碳）可知,To deal with the situation. Coca-Cola thinks of a creaive solution called KeelClip, which substitutes paper board for plastic wrapping, thus saving lot
8、s of plastic and CO2 annually.（来处理这种情况。可口可乐公司想出了一种名为KeelClip的 creaive解决方案，用纸板代替塑料包装，从而每年节省大量的塑料和二氧化碳）；再根据最 后一段中 Innovation is a key principle of our sustainable packaging work and the application of this fully recyclable paperboard KeelClipTM,（创新是我们可持续包装工作的关键原那么,这种可完全 回收 的纸板 KeelClipTM 的应用）可知，The ca
9、se shows innovation behind Coca-Colas commitment to sustainable eco-friendly packaging这个案例展示了可口可乐公司对可持续环 保包装的承诺背后的创新）演练3Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Different peopl
10、e may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.“Two heads are better than one., Thaf
11、s the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students. They get to pick each other9s brains and improve their own understanding of different problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly te
12、nse atmosphere in which its good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate （拖延）when they are studying by themselves: however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups w
13、ork best when they are small, but not too small-four to five participants is about right. And its necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the weeks lecture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying
14、 more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient t
15、ime and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says “I read somewhere thatJ the source-seeker should ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that its importa
16、nt to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.【参考答案】Many universities encourage students to take advanta
17、ge of study groups for better grades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder. Besides the small size, the same goal and not-too-long socializing could help study groups work best. If the members are assigned different roles, it will result
18、in promoting the efficiency.【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了许多大学鼓励学生利用学习小组获得更好的成绩， 在学习小组中，学生不仅可以获得最好的学术资源，还可以激励彼此更加努力地学习。除了 规模小之外，相同的目标和不太长的社交活动也能帮助学习小组发挥最正确效果。如果研究小 组中的成员被分配不同的角色，这将提高效率。【详解】1 .要点摘录While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups.In fact, many u
19、niversities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students.however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are
20、 likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small-four to five participants is about right.And its necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal to prepare for a particular test, todiscuss class readings or to review the weeks lectur
21、e notes.Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted.2 .缜密构思将第1、2、3、4四个要点进行重组，将第5、6、7
22、三个要点进行整合。3 .遣词造句Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for better grades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder.Besides the small size, the same goal and not-too-long socializing could help study groups work
23、 best.If you have no enough time or enough money to go, chat online with those people who are familiar with the college.【点睛】高分句型 11 Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for better grades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each
24、other to work harder, （where引导非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 If the members are assigned different roles, it will result in promoting the efficiency.（If引导条件状语从句）演练4Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as fa
25、r as possible.Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from flints (打火石)for starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the journalist Ian Leslie, in his newly-
26、published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and we are losing it.Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. an
27、d Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the readers borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (替罪羊)：we seek only the information we w
28、ant. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie.Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship (企业家精神).Worse still, that lack of curiosity pr
29、oduces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the holy curiosity O
30、f course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work? .And if you see learning as a burden, theres no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. But if y
31、ou think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.参考答案：Although curiosity is essential to humans success, its gradually neglected / increasingly rare now. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity. Wha
32、ts worse, lacking curiosity costs people innovation, entrepreneurship and even knowledge. Therefore, we should keep asking questions to dig deeper and not see it as a burden. (55 words)演练5Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more
33、than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some would turn to tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study gr
34、oups and make good use of them.“Two heads are better than one. Thats the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students. They get to pick each other9s brains and improve their own understanding of di
35、fferent problems. Moreover, study groups can create the slightly tense atmosphere in which its good to study. For example, some students tend to procrastinate （拖延）when they are studying by themselves: however, by joining a study group, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and a
36、re likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small-four to five participants is about right. And its necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to review the weeks l
37、ecture notes. Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles, and thus efficiency will be promoted. Besides an organizer, who
38、 gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to identify their sources. For instance, when a group member says “I read somewhere thatJ the source-seeker shoul
39、d ask for specifics. This person reminds the group that its important to know who said what and where it was said. And a gatekeeper, who tries to make sure that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member t
40、o listen.【参考答案】Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for better grades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder. Besides the small size, the same goal and not-too-long socializing could help study groups work
41、 best. If the members are assigned different roles, it will result in promoting the efficiency.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了许多大学鼓励学生利用学习小组获得更好的成绩， 在学习小组中，学生不仅可以获得最好的学术资源，还可以激励彼此更加努力地学习。除了 规模小之外，相同的目标和不太长的社交活动也能帮助学习小组发挥最正确效果。如果研究小 组中的成员被分配不同的角色，这将提高效率。【详解】1.要点摘录While some would turn to tutoring in order to
42、 get better grades, others choose to join study groups.In fact, many universities encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.By participating in a study group, students can benefit from some of their best academic resources: other students.however, by joining a study gro
43、up, they get to observe their peers who are working diligently and are likely to thus have motivation for working harder.Study groups work best when they are small, but not too small-four to five participants is about right.And its necessary to make sure everyone has the same goal to prepare for a p
44、articular test, todiscuss class readings or to review the weeks lecture notes.Besides, socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took up only a small portion of group study time.In addition, to maximize the efficiency, some study groups like to assign members certain roles,
45、 and thus efficiency will be promoted.2缜密构思将第1、2、3、4四个要点进行重组，将第5、6、7三个要点进行整合。3 .遣词造句Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for better grades, where students can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder.Besides the small size, the
46、 same goal and not-too-long socializing could help study groups work best.If you have no enough time or enough money to go, chat online with those people who are familiar with the college.【点睛】高分句型 1 Many universities encourage students to take advantage of study groups for better grades, where stude
47、nts can not only get the best academic resources but motivate each other to work harder, （where引导非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2 Tf the members are assigned different roles, it will result in promoting the efficiency.(If引导条件状语从句)演练6Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s
48、) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents9 views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. The
49、y lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have little respect fbr others opinions, least of all, their childrens. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Cont