《高中英语复习资料-必修3 Unit2 Healthy eating(23页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语复习资料-必修3 Unit2 Healthy eating(23页).doc（23页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、-高中英语复习资料-必修3 Unit2 Healthy eating-第 23 页Unit 2 Healthy eating复习目标闯关要点名师讲解【重点单词】1. balance n. 天平，平衡；结余，余额 v.平衡，权衡例如：Can you balance yourself on skates?你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗?If you earn100 and spend60，your balance is40如果你挣100英镑，花60英镑，那么你就会结余40英镑You have to balance the advantages of living in the country against
2、 the disadvantages你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处【相关短语】keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡out of balance不平衡on balance总的来说a sense of balance平衡感balanced adj. 平稳的，安定的，和谐的The two trucks had wheels out of balance on delivery. 这两部卡车在交货时车轮失去了平衡The boy has a lot of disadvantages, but on
3、 balance I think he is still a good boy. 这个男孩有很多缺点，但全面考虑，我认为他仍然是好孩子A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body. 均衡的食物使你的身体获得营养Athletes need a good sense of balance运动员要有良好的平衡感【即境活用】In education there should be a good _ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wis
4、e judgment Adistribution Bbalance Ccombination Dassignment【解析】B 考查balance的意义。balance 平衡；distribution分发,分配,散布,分布；combination结合,联合；assignment分配,功课,任务,被指定的(课外)作业;(分派的)任务,委派2. lie vi.& n.说谎;谎话，谎言 例如：Its no wonder that she lied to the court难怪她对法庭撒了谎。You are lying but lies can not cover up facts你在说谎，但谎言掩盖
5、不了事实【拓展】lie vi.& n.说谎;谎话，谎言(1ied，lied，lying)vi.躺、卧、处于(某一位置)，在于(1ay，lain，lying)tell a lietell lies to sb 对某人说谎a white lie 善意的谎言lie to sb 向某人说谎1ie in 在于，处于状态There lies 某地有lie on ones backsidestomach仰卧侧卧俯卧lay vt 放；搁；下(蛋)；产(卵)(1aid，laid，laying)Id rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank我宁愿把钱花
6、掉也不愿搁在银行里不用West of the lake lies the famous city那个著名的城市坐落在湖的西面These machines have lain idle since the factory closed.工厂关闭以来，这些机器就一直闲着Would you please lay the table for dinner?请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?【即境活用】There was an oil painting _in the corner. It _there for several daysA laying；had laid B1ain；had laidC1ying
7、；had lain D1aid；had been lain【解析】C 考查动词的过去式和过去分词。区分动词的过去式和过去分词，按照句意排除。3. limit n. 界限；限度； vt. 限制；限定例如：There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的Ive limited myself to 1，000 calories a day to try and loseweight我为了减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量【拓展】go beyond/over the limit 超过限度within limits 在一
8、定范围内；有限度的within the limits of 在的范围内without limit 无限（制）地set a limit to sth. 对规定限度be limited to sth. 受限制于limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内limited adj. 有限（制）的limitation n. 限制；局限Families are limited to four free tickets each每户限发四张免费票This technique is useful but it has its limitations这种技术实用但也有局限性【即境活用】翻译句子Ill
9、help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do. _【答案】我会尽力帮忙，但我所能做的也是有限度的4. benefit vt使受益，得益 n. 好处，利益，优势I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅【拓展】benefit from/by. 从受益，得益于benefit sb. 对某人有益be of (much, great)benefit to sb. =be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处be of no benefit t
10、o sb. 对某人没有益处for the benefit of. 为了的利益It is said Yoga is of great benefit to human health.据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处He was travelling for the benefit of his health.为了身体健康，他出去旅游了【辨析】benefitinterestprofitadvantage(1)benefit普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。它的复数形式benefits表示“救济金” (2)interest作“利益”解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，
11、又可指个人的利益。interest作不可数名词时，意为“利息” (3)profit着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益(4)advantage指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处【即境活用】To my surprise, I never thought I _ those kinds of books.A was benefited by B was benefited fromCbenefited from Dbenefited【解析】C 考查动词用法。benefit from 从中受益，无被动。5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合；（使）结合The w
12、orkers combined against the boss.工人们联合起来反对工头。【拓展】combine into. . .联合成combine. . with. 把与结合起来combination n. 结合；联合；化合（物）a combination of. . . 一种的结合（物）in combination with 与联合起来Some films combine education with recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合了起来The two villages are connected by the river.这条河把两个村子连结在一起The two pa
13、rties were united in fighting against foreign invasion.在抵抗外国侵略这一点上，两个政党联合起来了【辨析】join/combine/unite/connect(1)join侧重把原来不相连接的物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。短语：join up联合起来；join.toand连接(2)combine指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。短语：combine with与结合。(3)unite指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体(4)connect指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独
14、立。短语：connecttowith与相联；be connected with与有关系【即境活用】Dont waste time; lets_ hands in the business. A. join B. connect C. combine D. join in 【解析】A。考查动词的搭配。句意:别浪费时间了,让我们携起手来。join in后接某项活动【重点短语】1. get away with 被放过，（做坏事）不受惩罚 例如：If you cheat in the exam youll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究【拓展】get短语归纳get a
15、cross=put across (使)被理解，(把)讲清楚get rid of 摆脱；除掉get away(from) (从)脱离，逃脱get down to(doing)sth 开始认真地做某事get in 插话；收获get in touch with 与取得联系get into the habit of 染上的习惯get into trouble 陷入困境get out(of) 出去，离开，逃脱，摆脱get hold of 抓住get onalong well with 与相处得好，进展顺利(多用进行时)get over 爬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来get through 完成；花光
16、(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话I wont have you getting away with cheating in the exam我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚We should get rid of the bad style and keep the good我们应该摒弃不良作风，保持优良作风Hes not very good at getting his ideas across他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想 【即境活用】一Youre coughing badly，MartinWhy not give up smoking?Give up smoking? Easier said
17、 than done，AmyOnce you _the habit of smoking，it is very hard for you to_.A. keep up；break it away Btake up；drop it out Cpick up；get rid of it Dbuild up；do away with it【解析】C 考查动词短语的意义。keep up保持,继续,维持；break away脱开,离开,逃脱；take up拿起，开始,从事,吸取,接纳；drop out退出,退学；pick up捡起,拾起；get rid of摆脱；除掉；build up逐步建立；do a
18、way with废除,去掉2. in debt欠债 【类似短语】in trouble处在困境中 in charge 管理；负责in detail 详细地 in fact 事实上in love 相爱 in need 需要in surprise惊奇地 in touch 保持联系in danger处在危险之中 in common共有；共同in general通常；一般地说 in line 站队in mind 意欲；心想 in order 有秩序地in tears 在哭泣 in public公开地；当众【即境活用】1. You saved my life; I am forever in your d
19、ebt.【重点句型】1. Nothing could have been better. 再没有比这些更好吃的了。本句中比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级的意义Did you sleep well last night?你昨夜睡的好吗？Never better, like a rock. 从未这么好过，睡的很死【拓展】否定词与形容词、副词原级或比较级连用表示最高级的结构：“nothing形容词原级but ”结构，意为“除了外再也没有什么更了”。“nothing(或no)so原级as”或“nothing(或no)比较级than”“neverso原级”或“neversuch(so)原级名词”“neve
20、r比较级”。例如：There is nothing great but man in the world.世界上人最伟大。There is nothing so embarrassing as when things go wrong. 没有什么比事情弄糟更使人难堪的了。 He has never seen such sight.他从未见过这种景象。 Never before have so many people gone to the town.从来没有这么多人去这个镇。【即境活用】 Who is your favourite basketball player in China?Yao
21、ming, of course. No one plays _.Abetter Bbest Cgood Dwell【解析】A 考查比较级与否定词连用。否定词与形容词、副词原级或比较级连用表示最高级的结构2. He couldnt have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他可不能让永慧哄骗别人后跑掉。have sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事，表示一个持续的动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（省略to的不定式），指做一次性的具体动作。have sth. done 请某人做
22、某事/承担外界或别人做某事的后果例如：He had me waiting for him for two hours. I cant bear it any more! 他让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！Its rude of you to speak to father like that and I wont have you speaking to father like that in future.那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话。Id have you know that I am ill.我要让你知道我病了。She had her bag stolen.
23、她的包被偷了。Jack must have his motorbike repaired.杰克必须把他的摩托车修理一下。【即境活用】They are going to have the serviceman _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed【答案】A。语法核心突破Modal Verbs (情态动词) 1ought toought not to(1)ought to“应当，应该”，其后必须跟动词不定式。只有一种形式，没有人称和时态变化。
24、它可以表示“有义务或责任”做某事，语气比较强，还可以表示“建议或劝告” 例如： Humans ought to stop polluting nature 人类应该停止污染大自然 You ought to obey your parents 你应该听父母的话 (2)同should一样，ought to后跟动词不定式的完成式，其肯定句表示“过去本应该做而未做”的事；其否定句则表示“过去不该做某事但做了” You ought to have come here earlier 你本应该早一点来这儿 You oughtnt to have opened the letter! It wasnt fo
25、r you!你本不该拆开这封信，它不是写给你的 (3)ought to的否定形式为ought not to或oughtnt to，其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前 You oughtntought not to blame him 你不应该责备他。 一Ought I to go?我该去吗? 一Yes，you ought to对，你应该 (4)在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以： Bob ought to be at home now。shouldntoughtnt he? 鲍勃现在应该到家了，不是吗?【辨析】ought to/should一般说来，两者可换用，只是ought to语气略
26、强。另外，表示出于法令规则、行为规则、道德责任等客观情况而“应该”做某事时，一般应同ought to；若用should则含有个人意见，强调主观看法 We ought to(should)go and see our teacher sometime 我们应该抽时间去看望我们的老师 They ought to go and see Mary tomorrow，but I dont think they will 明天他们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为他们不会去的2have todont have tomustnt (1)have to表示客观上的必要性，意为“不得不”。由于它是由“have+to
27、”构成因此它有多种时态变化形式，其疑问式和否定式由助动词do构成She has to earn her living. 她不得不以教书为生Do you have to leave now? 你现在必须走吗？You dont have to talk so loud你讲话的声音用不着那么大。(2)have to的否定式dont have to表示没有义务或必要做某事，意为“不必”，常可以回答must提问的疑问句。而must的否定式mustnt主要指说话人主观的命令或强烈的劝告 You mustnt tell him the secret 你不能告诉他这个秘密。 一Must we hand in
28、our homework this afternoon? 我们必须今天下午交作业吗? No，you dont have to(No，you neednt) 不，不必。 3needneednt 1)need“需要，必要”，即可作情态动词，也可作实义动词 (1)用作情态动词，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，通常用于否定句和疑问句。例如： Need I do it at once? 我需要马上做这件事吗? Theres plenty of timeWe neednt drive so fast 时间很充足，我们不必开这么快。 (2)用作实义动词，有动阋的各种形式变化，可用于一切句式；其宾语可以是名
29、词、动名词、动词不定式或代词；构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does例如： He needs our help他需要我们的帮助 We dont need to tell him the truth 我们不需要告诉他真相。(3)need not have done 本没必要做某事You neednt have told me the news. 你本没有必要告诉我这个消息【提示】(1)由于用作情态动词的need通常不用于肯定句，所以对于以need开头的疑问句的否定回答可用neednt，但是肯定回答却不能用Yes，I need之类的，而常用Yes，I must来回答例如：一Need yo
30、u go now?你需要现在走吗?一Yes，I must是的，我必须现在就走。一No，I neednt不，不必(2)由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。一Must I do the work now?我必须现在干这个活吗?一Yes，you must是的，你必须做。一No，you needntdont have to不，你不必。【典型例题】1、What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well, it _ be bigthats not important. A mus
31、tnt Bneednt Ccant Dwont【解析】B。考查情态动词的用法根据下文thats not important可知房子没必要大，故选B项，neednt“没必要”。mustnt禁止；cant不能，不可能；wont将不能，不情愿。2、The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. Ashould have taken B. could have taken Cneednt have taken Dmustnt have taken【解析】C。 考察情态动
32、词+have done的用法。句意：昨天天气不错，我本来没必要那么麻烦带着我的伞。neednt have done意为“本不必做”3、What do you think we can do for our aged parents?一You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. Adont have to Boughtnt to Cmustnt Dcant 【解析】A 考查情景交际中情态动词的用法。由except to判断选A。dont have to 相当于neednt 意为“不必” 【语法专练】1. Why can yo
33、ur teacher know so much about London?He _ have been there before.A. may B. must C. ought to D. should2. Where _ Margaret have put the empty bottles?She _ them away. They must be somewhere.Acan; cant have thrown Bmust; needntCmust; must have thrown Dcan; must throw3. We need a person badly to think u
34、p such an idea . _ the new comer have a try ?AShall BMay CShould DNeed4. Is there a fog in the evening ? There _ be . Ill make a phone call to find it out .Amust Bwould Cwill Dmight 5. The door_. Better have it repaired .Aisnt shut Bhasnt been shut Cwont be shut Dwont shut6. - No wonder you caught a
35、 cold. You _ out last night without a coat. - I know how silly I was. A. shouldnt have gone B. mustnt have gone C. couldnt have gone D. mightnt have gone7. _ it rain tomorrow, I _ stay at home. A. Should ; would B. would; should C. could ; could D. should; could8.What caused the accident?It was my f
36、ault, sir. I _ to the left.A. ought not to have turned B. neednt have turnedC. shouldnt turn D. couldnt turn9. Must I go to work with you?No, you _ . Linda _ go with me.A. mustnt; can B. cant; has to C. darent; should D. neednt; may10.I cant think why he _ that it was my fault.Awould have said Bshou
37、ld have said Cought to have said Dmight have said 答案：1-5 BAADD 6-10 DAADB高考真题链接1.（2010山东卷T25） I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt【解析】选A。本题考查情态动词的用法。句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。2.（2010浙江卷T17）“Yo
38、u _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would 【解析】选C。本题考察情态动词辨析。句意“你肯定弄错号码了”她说，“这儿没人叫这个名字”。由此可知，前一个句子表示肯定推测，用3.（2009安徽卷T34）But for their help，we the program in time.A. can not finish B. will not finishC. had not finished D. could not have finis
39、hed【解析】选D本题考察虚拟语气.But for起到了对过去虚拟的条件句作用,后面自然要选would/could/might/should+have done结构了.4.（2009湖南卷T30） Its the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need【解析】选A。考查情态动词的用法。句意为：这是办公室！因此你必须知道吃的不允许带到这里。must表示“绝不”的意思。综合效能检测一、听力（略）二、单项选择21.Hefeelsitdangerousforagir
40、ltobeoutlateatnightsohewonthavehisdaughter-homelate Aarrive Barrived Ctoarrive Darriving22. My brother is on a special _ to lose _ weight.A. food;/ B. food; his C. diet;/ D. diet; his23. I ve limited myself _ 1,000 calories a day to try to lose weight.Ain Bfor Cto Don 24. -You must phone us every we
41、ek.-Yes, I _.A. must B. have to C. will D. should25. Therere lots of _in my bookshop Avisitors Bguests Ccustomers Dpassengers26. 一Are you satisfied with her answer?一Not at a11It couldnt have been _Aany worse B. so bad Cmuch better Dthe worst27. I dont know how he managed to_cheating in the exam.Aget away with Bget away from Cget out of Dget behind with28. You could have seen from his face that he had _ to you A1ied B1ay