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1、-语法填空题解题技巧-第 6 页语法填空题解题技巧一、 题型解读语篇型语法填空题旨在考查学生在于都理解的基础上对语法和语言知识的掌握情况，着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力。其命题具有以下特点：1、 总体情况：1篇短文，200词左右。难度适中，符合高中中等学生阅读水平。2、 试题数目：10个小题。3、 分值：共15分，每小题1.5分。4、 填写要求：根据上下文填写空白处所需内容（无提示词时只填1个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式（最多填3个单词）。二、 解题步骤和技巧做语法填空题时，不仅要通篇考虑文章的主题和内容，而且要合理地利用已学过的语法知识得出正确的结论。具体可参照以下步骤：1. 通读全文，了解
2、大意。在解题前应快速浏览短文，特别注意文章首尾句和一些关键词和句子，了解文章大意。2. 试填空格，先易后难。在读懂短文后，要结合语境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义及句子之间的逻辑关系确定要填的单词或所给词的正确形式。下面按题型设计，提供三种设题方式解题技巧：（1） 无提示词的题目解题技巧首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词；然后，根据句意确定填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用那个连词。确定用哪类词可用以下方法：技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）。例：The environment in this
3、 town is as pleasant as_in the coastal city.技巧2：名词前若无限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能填限定词。例：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help_ rice crop grow up quickly.技巧3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一定填介词。例：Stars look quite bright_the dark blue sky.技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填
4、连词。例：.all I saw was these beautiful girls, w，hose smile just melted me_almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.技巧5：若两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（链接名词性从句或状语从句）或关系词（连接定语从句）。例：The man was very tired, _he still went on working.技巧6：若句子结构完整，空格后动词是原形，特别是上下文时态
5、不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调货到装的助动词（do, does, did等）。例：To my great joy, the plant_look exactly like what we were looking for.技巧7：由特殊句式结构来判断空格处应填的词。有It iswas.that.强调结构的形式，可能填it或that。判断方法：去掉It iswas和that, 句子结构仍然完整。例：.and_was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat pineapple.由it作形式主语或形式
6、宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it。例：_is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装句的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not until等，还是填do, does, did等。例：_with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.sosuch.that.句型例：This made the goat so jealous_it began plotting against the
7、donkey.（2） 提示词为动词的题目解题技巧对于给出了动词的题目，首先要判断所填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后再按以下两点进行思考。技巧1：若句中没有别的谓语动词，虽然已经有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，则需考虑时态和语态。例：Lucy_(be) a student last year, but now she is a teacher.技巧2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词，就要确定是过去分词形式、现在分词形式，还是动词不定式。做主语或宾语，通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示
8、具体请况。例：_(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed; on the contrary.作目的状语或在形容词后作真正主语，一般用动词不定式。例：_(complete) the project as planed, well have to work two more hours a day.做伴随状语，通常用分词。与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。例：The headmaster went into the lab, _(follow) by the foreign guests.无
9、论非谓语动词在句中作何成分，若判断出其需要用分词时，分词与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；是被动关系，用过去分词。例：There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film. Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.（3） 词性转换类题目的解题技巧此类题主要考察的是名词、形容词和副词，做题时主要根据该词在句中所作成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧1：作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词或代词）或补语（表性质或
10、状态），通常用形容词形式。例：International investors have become_(worry) about the countrys economy.技巧2：所填词做主语或在及物动词、介词后作宾语，且通常前有形容词修饰时，需用名词形式，注意单复数形式。例：Cambridge is always full of_(tour) in the summer.技巧3：在形容词性物主代词或“冠词（+形容词）”后，用名词形式。例：With many students, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amoun
11、t of activity.技巧4：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子作状语，用副词形式。例：Singles are flocking(涌向) to the Internet_(main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time.技巧5：有的题目可能是词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需跟据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-, in-等，或在词根后加-less等。例：Your mistake caused a lot of_(necessary) work in the offi
12、ce.技巧6：括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例：The_(bad) damage was reported in the town of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.3. 重读全文，修正错误。在所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾再读一遍，把填好的答案放在整篇文章中检查，保证全文意思贯通。三、强化训练When I was in the seventh grade, I was shy, quiet and a target of bullies . I used to ge
13、t very upset about it and would often cry 1 my way home.In 2 art lesson, one of the bullies stole my pencil case, threw 3 across the room and sat back down, 4 (watch) me as I went to pick it up. Later on, he 5 (catch) my school tie and pulled it towards him, causing me to fall. I stood up for 6 (me)
14、 the first time, snatch the tie from his hand and pushed him away. I sat back down, shaking all over, 7 couldnt focus for the rest of the lesson.I was the last 8 (leave) the classroom, for fear of the bully having another go at me outside, when my teacher asked me, “John, are you OK?”“Yes,” I answer
15、ed.“No, you are not,” he said.We had a chat. He taught me some life lessons, saying, “Remember you are stronger inside, and once the bullies see the courage 9 is existing in your heart, they will stop. Believe in yourself.”These 10 (word) stuck in my mind. As I walked to school, holding my head high, the bullying soon stopped.