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1、-贫富差距的利弊 英文-第 6 页贫富差距的利弊The advantages and disadvantages of the gap between rich and poor1.贫富差能激发民众上进积极性吗？有利方认为：社会贫富差，就象是自然界中的水位差或电势差，差距越大流速越快，社会经济发展也越快，因为这能最大程度激发人的趋利之心及劳动积极性，这点也可从现实中得到佐证，如世界上经济发展最快的国通常是贫富差距最大的国家。1, the gap between rich and poor can inspire people upward enthusiasm? There are alway
2、s think: social gap between rich and poor, as is the potential difference in nature or water level, the bigger the gap flow more quickly, the social and economic development faster, because it can greatly stimulate people benefit heart and enthusiasm, it can also be obtained from the reality, such a
3、s the world economic development the fastest country usually is the nations largest gap between rich and poor.不利方认为：在社会制度不存在公平缺失前题下形成的贫富差是合理的，其已能起到最大化提高人们劳动积极性的效果，这就象是一场公平的奥林匹克比赛。而由缺失公平的社会制度所造成的贫富差，只会起到阻碍社会有序发展的负作用。不合理的贫富差不但不能激发人们的劳动积极性，反只会激起人们对财富的偏激性而表现不择手段，象千万学子争考落取率几有千分之几的公务员，数十教授争当一处级官员的现象，没人想去勤
4、劳创业，都想当官争做天子脚下市民。还有就是社会犯罪率的上升及社会稳定性的下降，也会紧随贫富差的提高和下降。而“有利方”的一些例证更是荒谬，如象水位差论，社会要想实现持续发展，是不能将水（资源）提到高处一下子倒掉的，这会断流，而不能实现细水长流。至于说经济发展越快的国家，贫富差扩大也越快，是有这么一个现象，但世界上最落后、最混乱的国家也是贫富差最大的国家，这（最快）可用“最后的疯狂”来做解释是最恰当不过的。Dont always think: in the social system does not exist between the rich and the poor form a lack
5、 of fairness premise difference is reasonable, it has to maximize people labor enthusiasm, this is like a fair Olympic games. Poverty caused by the lack of fair social system difference, only plays a negative role to hinder social development. The unreasonable gap between rich and poor will not be a
6、ble to stimulate peoples labor enthusiasm, anti will only provoke the extreme wealth and use unscrupulous divisive tactics, like thousands of students test for fall take rate a few thousandths of civil servants, dozens of professor to be a level officials phenomenon, no one want to diligence entrepr
7、eneurship, all wants to be to become the emperor at the foot of the public. There is a rise in social stability and social crime rate dropped, the gap between rich and poor will immediately raise and fall. Some examples with Lee is even more absurd, such as water level difference theory, society to
8、achieve sustainable development, is the water cannot be mentioned above (resources) of a sudden fall, it will stop, but cant realize the long. As for faster economic development of countries, the gap between rich and poor to expand quickly, there is such a phenomenon, but the most backward, the worl
9、ds most troubled countries and the gap between rich and poor countries with the largest, this (fastest) available final crazy to do the interpretation is the most appropriate.2.贫富差能有利提高本国商品世界竞争力、促进社会新技术开发发展吗？有利方认为：贫富差让部分人处以相对贫困阶层，这样可以给社会提供大量廉价劳动力，如共同富裕，那苦差的劳动谁去做啊，所以贫富差是一国商品在世界上具有强的竞争力。同时，让一部人富有，形成社会
10、高端及奢侈商品的需求，从而会起到促进社会高端奢侈商品产业及整个社会生产力的梯次发展。The gap between rich and poor can improve domestic commodities world competitiveness, promote social development new technology development? There are always think: the gap between rich and poor let some people a relatively poor, so that we can provide a lot
11、 of cheap labor, such as common prosperity, the hard labor who do ah, so the gap between rich and poor is a commodities has strong competitiveness in the world. At the same time, let a person rich, high-end and luxury goods form the social demand, which will serve to promote the development of high-
12、end luxury goods industry in society and the social productive forces.不利方认为：通过牺牲劳动者及低端产业（特别是农业）应有利益，在短期上看可提高本国商品的价格竞争力，增加些就业，但从长远看，国家会陷入输出的是真金白银（商品资源）与血汗，牺牲的是战略性产业。输入的是可能引发国内滞涨及随时都在贬值的它国货币，导致国家经济发展的可持续性下降。另外贫富差也不能起到促进社会高端产业功效，比如我国已是世界头位奢侈品消费国了，但国内却还未出现一类奢侈品世界头位生产国的事实，而富人们的奢侈消费却是我国资本外流、导致国内生产成本升的累赘。而
13、国内一些不需富人需求促进的高端产业航天、军工等产业倒是能蓬勃发展。总之，成为高端商品消费国决不是好事，能成为高端商品生产国是好事，这无需有个人需求市场，其实集体有计划的奢侈消费，象登月之类集体壮举更有效。Dont always think: at the expense of labor and low-end industries (especially the agricultural) interest, in the short term can improve domestic goods price competitiveness, increase employment, but
14、 in the long run, the state will fall in output is real gold and silver (commodity resources) and sweat, sacrifice is a strategic industry. The input is likely to spark domestic stagnation and always in the devaluation of the currency, leading to the sustainable development of national economy decli
15、ne. In addition to the gap between rich and poor is not to promote high-end industrial society effect, for example, China is the worlds first luxury consumption, there was not a kind of luxury world head producers fact, and the rich peoples luxury consumption is Chinas capital outflow, resulting in
16、domestic production costs rise. And some domestic demand to promote without rich high-end industry, military, aerospace industry is thriving. In short, become the high-end consumer goods is not good, can become the high-end commodity producing countries is a good thing, it need not be the individual
17、 needs of the market, in fact, collective planned luxury consumption, such as the collective feat more effective.3.贫富差能增加社会就业率，利于社会稳定吗？有利方认为：就业率是事关社会稳定的第一大事，而扩大贫富差能增进社会就业，其机理就是贫富差能促进社会商品生产或服务梯层化，从而最有利于扩大社会就业岗位。相反，如社会很均富，人们所需的商品和服务层次都很类似，这不利社会产业发展及就业率。3, the gap between rich and poor can increase soc
18、ial employment rate, conducive to social stability? There are always think: the employment rate is the first event is related to social stability, and expand the gap between rich and poor can promote social employment, its mechanism is the gap between rich and poor can promote the social production
19、of goods or services ladder layer, thus the most conducive to the expansion of social employment. On the contrary, if the society is very rich, level of goods and services needed by people are very similar, the adverse social development and employment.不利方认为：贫富差虽能增加象“二奶、保镖、天上人间”等等职位和行业，但这些职业基本上对社会生产
20、力的提升毫无贡献甚至是反作用，这种纯粹是为分配而就业的模式没半点可取之处。的确，由个体生命有限性影响，完全由私人利益驱的社会生产会过分的倾向眼前和局部的利益，不能完全适应社会全面和长远发展需要及有效增加就业，但这个问题完全可通过公平民主的集体规划建设来得以改善，这样既能增加社会就业，又可提升社会生产力，而无任何不利影响。Dont always think: the gap between rich and poor could increase as a kept woman, bodyguard, immeasurably vast difference. And so on jobs an
21、d industries, but these occupation basically no contribution to the promotion of social productivity and even counterproductive, this is purely for the allocation and employment mode no merit. Indeed, affected by the limited nature of individual life, completely by the private interest driven social
22、 production over the tendency of immediate and local interests, can not completely meet the needs of society and long-term development and increase employment, but this problem can be completely through the collective rule fair and democratic planning construction to improve, so as to increase emplo
23、yment, but also promote the social productive forces, without any adverse effects.总结：1.平均并不公平，由个体差异及个体所经历的非社会所能操控的机遇所造成的贫富差距是合理的。但此外一切社会制度缺陷（公平缺失）所造成的社会贫富差距则都属不合理，也无有利社会经济发展可言，如说这种贫富差会存在有什么有利的话，那也是暂短的表面现象，而只有社会公平能毫无隐患的解决社会一切矛盾和问题。Summary: 1.the average is not fair, non social experienced by individu
24、al differences and individual can control the opportunity caused by the gap between the rich and the poor is reasonable. But in addition to all social system defects (lack of fairness) caused by the social gap between rich and poor, are not reasonable, no favorable social and economic development at
25、 all, as the gap between rich and poor will have what interest, the surface that is short, and only social justice can not solve social contradictions and problems the problem. 2.一个国家好比一个家庭，如果一个家庭有两个孩子，一个穿金戴银，另一个则衣不遮体，孩子们会怎么看待这个家庭？这个家庭又该如何面对孩子？A country like a family, if a family with two children,
26、a wear gold and silver, another is in rags, the children will look at how this family? How to face the child in this family?由经济发展和社会转型带来的贫富分化在所难免，我们既不能因其对经济发展的巨大贡献而忽略它对社会稳定、公平存在的负面影响，也不能因其存在种种问题而全盘否定它的必要性和必然性。而是要求对贫富差距进行“适度”的控制，以最大限度的抑制其可能对社会稳定和社会公平的损害.Brought by the economic development and social
27、transformation of the polarization between the rich and the poor can hardly be avoided, we can not because of its great contribution to economic development while ignoring its negative impact on social stability, justice exists, not because of the various problems and negate the necessity and inevit
28、ability of it. But for moderate to control the gap between the rich and the poor, to suppress the maximum possible damage to social stability and social fairness 3.贫富差距越大，说明国家发展越不平衡，社会越不稳定。但是有一个好处，那就是越穷的人越想富，富过的人都不想穷，对促进社会发展有积极作用，但消极作用相对来说更明显。比如阿富汗或伊朗。The gap between rich and poor is bigger, the dev
29、elopment is unbalanced, the society is unstable. But there is a benefit, that is the poorer the people want to be rich, rich people do not want to poor, plays a positive role in promoting social development, but the negative effect is more obvious. For example, Afghanistan or Iran.贫富差距越小，说明国家发展越平衡，社
30、会越稳定，制度更健全。但会导致整个社会中人民思想消极，对社会发展促进作用小。比如瑞士。The gap between rich and poor is small, suggesting that the national development more balanced, more stable society, more perfect system. But people in society as a whole will lead to negative thinking on the development of the society, promote small. For e
31、xample, switzerland. 4.社会公平问题凸现。在多数人收入水平都有较大提高的同时，反映贫富差距的指标上升很快，分配不公现象出现。群众对劳动致富正当经营造成的收入差距，有一定承受力，但对分配不公造成的差距，对违法、贪污、犯罪致富现象，对不正当收入，不合理的贫富差距，心理不平衡，十分不满，反响强烈。Highlights the issue of social equity. Have a great improvement in income level of most people at the same time, reflects the gap between rich
32、and poor index rises very fast, appear unfair distribution. The masses of the labor rich legitimate business caused by the income gap, have a certain capacity, but the cause of the unfair distribution of the gap, corruption, crime of illegal, rich phenomenon of unfair, unreasonable income, the gap between rich and poor, psychological imbalance, very dissatisfied, reacted strongly.