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1、-语法填空专项训练-代词-第 6 页语法填空专项训练-代词代词在连续两年的广东高考语法填空中都有两个小题，占语法填空的五分之一。可见，代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大，是语法填空的重要内容。主要考点有：考点1：人称代词人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。考点2：物主代词形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。如：考点3：反身代词反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还可以作主
2、语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。考点4：指示代词指示词有this, that, these, those, such等。注意以下4点：(1) this, these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用；that, those是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。(2) 指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用this。(3) 打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方，不用I或you。(4) this和that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。考点5：疑问代词疑问代词有what, which, who, w
3、hom, whose等。用法要点如下：(1)what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般指人。(2)有一定范围时，用which，意为“(其中的)哪一个”，可接表范围的of短语；没有一定的范围时，用what，意为“什么”，不能接of短语。考点6：表示两者或多者的不定代词都 都不(一个也不) 任一两者 both neither either多者 all none any 注意：(1)表示完全否定可以说noteither/any，但没有either/anynot的说法。(2)both/all与not连用是部分否定，意为“并非都”。(3)no
4、ne既可指人也可指物，可与of短语连用；而no one (=nobody)只能指人，也不能与of短语连用。考点7：表示“另外的”不定代词单数 复数 泛指 another others 特指 the other the others 说明 还可作定语 不能作定语 说明：表示“别的，另外的”还有：(1)用于疑问词或复合不定代词后面的else，其所有格形式是elses。(2)既能指可数名词也可指不可数名词的the rest(其余的)。但上表中的代词只能代替可数名词。考点8：表示“每一”的each和every(1)each强调个别，而every则用来概括全体，与all相当。因此，与almost, ne
5、arly, without exception等连用时，可用every, 不能用each。(2)each可指两者，而every则不能。(3)each还可用作代词，而every只能用作形容词，且只能作定语。(4)every可表示“每(隔)”，但each不能考点9：表示“一些”的some和any(1)any一般用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，或用于never, hardly, without, if/whether等词之后。(2)some用于肯定句中，或用于建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，或用于希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中，也用于表示反问的否定疑句中。如：Would you like some more
6、 bananas?你再吃点香蕉吗？考点10：复合不定代词复合不定代词是指由every-, some-, any-, no- 与-thing, -one, -body等构成的不定代词。注意以下几个问题：(1)复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。(2)含-thing的，用it代替；含-body, -one的，一般用they代替，在正式文体中可用he。(3)修饰复合不定代词的形容词要位于后面。如：something important重要的事。(4)something, somebody/someone, anything还可作名词，意为“重要的事情(或人物)”。如：His wife is now
7、 somebody in television.他的妻子现在是电视界的大人物了。考点11：替代词他it, that, those, one(1)it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。(2)只能替代可数名词的one和those。单数 复数 泛指 one (a+单数可数名词) ones (复数名词) 特指 the one=that (the+单数可数名词) the ones=those(the+复数名词) 注：口语中，特别是当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one
8、(s)。We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one)考点12：it的用法(1)替代前面提到的同一事物。(2)替代前面整句话的内容。如：When the factory closes, it will mean 5
9、00 workers will be out of work. 工厂一旦关闭, 那就意味着要有500工人失业。(3)指动物、婴儿，或在情景中确认的某人。(4)指时间、距离、气候、环境等。(5)作形式主语或形式宾语。如：(6)用于it isthat强调结构中。解题技巧分析句子结构，若句子缺少主语，或者及物动词或介词后缺宾语，就可能是填代词。然后再根据各个代词的意义与用法的不同，选出符合语境的某一个代词填空。有的不定代词，如another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each等还可以在名词前作定语。若名词前缺少定
10、语时，根据意义和用法，以及主谓一致等，填入一个恰当的代词。例1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_. But she refused. (广东)思路分析：因(that) I had caused是定语从句，先行词是trouble, 代表先行词trouble的关系代词that在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配cause sb. trouble (给某人造成麻烦) 可知，填her作擦caused的宾语。例2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dy
11、nasty (960-1279) was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day, he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (广东)思路分析：因crop是单数可数名词，前面必定是填限定词；由下文pluck up all of his crop a few inches可知，这个急性子人是急于希望“他的”禾苗长得快。故填形容词性物主代词his。例3Tom felt that he knew everyb
12、odys business better than they knew it_. (全国)思路分析：能与they相呼应，并作they的同位语的，填反身代词themselves。一、单句填空：用适当的代词填空或者根据汉语提示填空。1. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute. (重庆)2. To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class
13、 and complete the other half for our homework. (湖南)3. My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. (重庆)4. The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again. (全国). Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _. (全国). Is her hair shorter than _(我的)?(全国). Our neighbours
14、gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. (湖南)8. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? (江西) 9. My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (上海)10. Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they kn
15、ew it_. (全国) 11.The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (全国) 12. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy. (全国)13. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the languag
16、e. (北京) 14.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _. (天津) 15. I had to buy _these books because I didnt know which one was the best. (上海)16. We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _. (浙江)17. It is easy to do the repair. _y
17、ou need is a hammer and some nails. (天津)18. Id been expecting _letters the whole morning, but there werent _for me. (全国)19. These plants are watered _ other day. (全国)20. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. (全国)21. My most famous relative of al
18、l, the _ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. (江苏)22. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _one this month. (天津) 23. Both sides have accused the _ of breaking the contract. (上海)24. Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _like
19、to go to the cinema. (全国)25. Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for_ two weeks.(上海)26. First, it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone _.(湖北)27. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and
20、_ before you leave. (山东)28. The book is of great value. _ can be enjoyed unless you digest it. (福建)29. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _ left in the house. (重庆)30. We havent enough books for _; some of you will have to share. (全国)31. I made so many changes in my composition that only I co
21、uld read it. To _ else, it was hard to make out. (上海)32. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江)33. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. (湖南)34. Id appreciate _ if
22、you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山东)35. I just wonder what _is that makes him so excited. (山东)36. He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk. (陕西)37. The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend. (安徽)38. He has made a lot o
23、f films, but _ good ones. (北京)39. Although hes wealthy, he spends _on clothes. (全国)二、语篇模拟：用适当的代词填空。 One day, as Zeng Zis wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to go with 1_.“Stay home,” the mother said to him. “When2_return, well kill a pig for 3_ dinner!“ When she came back, 4_ found
24、Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal. She hurried over to stop 5_: “What are you doing? Youre not really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him!” “How can 6_ lie to children?” Zeng Zi replied. “7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents. If 10_ deceive your child
25、 with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig.“How can 6_ lie to children?” Zeng Zi replied. “7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents. If 10_ deceive your child with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig.