《初中英语八种时态解.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语八种时态解.ppt（62页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、关于初中英语八种时态解现在学习的是第1页，共62页一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在学习的是第2页，共62页一般现在时现在学习的是第3页，共62页概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt
2、，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。现在学习的是第4页，共62页什么情况下用？现在学习的是第5页，共62页表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。表示主语通常的能力、兴趣爱好、和性格特征。表示客观的事实或真理。表示按照时刻表或已经计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go, come, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, stop, be等表示开始或移动意义的词。）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。现在学习的是
3、第6页，共62页当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。现在学习的是第7页，共62页动词第三人称单数形式变化规则 现在学习的是第8页，共62页规则例子一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)Playplays leaveleavesswimswims以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。pass passes fixfixesteachteaches wishwishesdodoes以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i, 再加-es
4、,读/z/studystudies carrycarriesflyflies现在学习的是第9页，共62页1. He_(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.2. He_(have, has) classes in the afternoon.3. He_(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.4. He always _(come, comes ) to school on time.5. He _(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.6
5、. One and two _(be, is, are) three.7. Blue and yellow _(make, makes) green.8. The earth _(move, moves) round the sun.9. I will go there if I _( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.现在学习的是第10页，共62页10. I will go there when I _(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.11. He wont come to the party unless
6、 he _(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.12. Ill wait here until my mother _(come, comes, will come) back.13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you _(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it.14. Once you _(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.现在学习的是第11页，共62页一般过去时现在学习的是第
7、12页，共62页时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。现在学习的是第13页，共62页谓语动词使用过去式形式，加ed，分为
8、规则和不规则变化。表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to do ”和“would +动词原形”。现在学习的是第14页，共62页构成规则构成规则例子例子一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。looklooked playplayedworkworked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlikeliked livelivedhopehoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edplanplanned stopstoppeddropdropped结尾是“辅音字母y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edst
9、udystudied worryworriedcrycried现在学习的是第15页，共62页He_(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.They _(be, was, were, been) here just now.The scientists _(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.Last week we _(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.When I was a child, I often _(play, played) footba
10、ll.The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell _(ring, rang, rung).现在学习的是第16页，共62页现在进行时现在学习的是第17页，共62页作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, look. listen等时间状语做标志。3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。现在学习的是第
11、18页，共62页1)、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。 E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2)、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.3)、 某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。E.g I am coming.现在学习的是第19页，共62页1)、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump2)、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是
12、单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put 其句式变换都在be上做文章。现在学习的是第20页，共62页1.I _(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.2.Look, it _(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.3.They _(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Ch
13、engde these days.4.He _(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.现在学习的是第21页，共62页过去进行时现在学习的是第22页，共62页1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doin
14、g+其他 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写） 其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。现在学习的是第23页，共62页过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。现在学习的是第24页，共62页1.I _(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived.2.What _you_( do, did, was.doin
15、g, weredoing) at this time yesterday evening?3.We_(have, are having, had, were having) dinner when the doorbell rang.4.While/ When/ As we_( have, had, are having, were having) dinner, the doorbell rang.现在学习的是第25页，共62页一般将来时现在学习的是第26页，共62页will,shall+动词原形，其中shall只用于第一人称。be going to +动词原形，表示主观打算，按计划，安排要
16、发生的事情。 be to +动词原形，表示客观安排 be about to +不定式，意为马上要做某事，正要做某事。某些动词，可用进行时态表将来，如come, go, arrive, leave。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用一般现在时表将来。一般现在时可表示按时间表发生的将来的动作(限start, begin, arrive, end, close, leave-等表示开始或移动意义的词)现在学习的是第27页，共62页时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minut
17、es, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 现在学习的是第28页，共62页：主语+am/is/are not going to do ；主语+will/shall not do+其他 ：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to cl
18、ean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom? 现在学习的是第29页，共62页1 _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be2 I dont know if his uncle _. I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A will come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will
19、 come3 He will be back _a few minutes. A with B for C on D in4 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow? A will B shall C do D are5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish现在学习的是第30页，共62页6 There _some showers this afternoon. A wil
20、l be B will have C is going to be D are going to have 7 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be8 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11. A is B is going to be C will be D will to b
21、e 现在学习的是第31页，共62页过去将来时现在学习的是第32页，共62页（would + 动词原形，或将来时的其它过去构成形式was going to do）表示以过去某一时间为参照，在过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。在宾语从句及间接引语中，时态呼应，经常会用到过去将来时。如I thought it was going to be fun. ：-soon/the next day-that-clause(名词性从句或上下文中-)现在学习的是第33页，共62页1.I told my friend that I _ (should/ would arrive, shall/ will arri
22、ve) soon.2.They looked at those clouds over the sky. It_(is going to rain, was going to rain).3.They said that they _(are to meet, were to meet) at the gate the next day.4.We _(are about to go, were about to go) out when it started to rain.现在学习的是第34页，共62页现在完成时现在学习的是第35页，共62页表示发生在过去，持续到现在，可能刚刚结束也有可能继
23、续进行下去的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来，并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常与since+过去时（间）, for+一段时间连用。表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+时间点，for+时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 主语+have/has +p.p（过去分词）+其他 现在学习的是第36页，共62页主语+have/has + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他 have/has+主语 +p.p（过去分词）+其他?现在学习的是第37页，
24、共62页 非延续性动词在时间上没有延续性，常见的有come, go, arrive, leave, begin, start, buy, join, die, buy, find, stop, become, open, borrow, lend, appear, close, fall, finish, sell, lose, kill等，这些动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 但是，非延续性动词的否定形式可以表示状态的延续，可与for/since等时间状语连用。 现在学习的是第38页，共62页 有些同学错误地认为这类非延续性动词不能用于完成时态中。其实，错误的本质在于非延续性动词与时间
25、段的错误搭配，与现在完成时态无关。现在学习的是第39页，共62页 在具体的语言环境中，往往会出现非延续性动词与时间段相连用的情况。由于受汉语影响，往往错误地直译为：He has fallen asleep for an hour.他睡了一小时了。（）His father has died for three years.他父亲去世三年了。（）当出现这种情况时，我们往往采取以下解决方法：现在学习的是第40页，共62页（1）将非延续性动词转化为相应的状态动词。所谓状态动词就是指这一动作发生后接下来所呈现的状态。如： He has been asleep for an hour. （fall asl
26、eep,“入睡”为短暂动作，但be asleep“睡着”则为状态动词，可延续。） His father has been dead for three years.（die为短暂动词，“死”后的状态可用“be dead”这种系表结构来描述，可延续。）现在学习的是第41页，共62页 go therebe there, come backbe back, borrowkeep, buy/catchhave, arrivebe in, beginbe on, openbe open, closebe closed, diebe dead, leavebe away from, get upbe up
27、, fall asleepbe asleep, becomebe, joinbe in/a member of, receivehave, catch/get a coldhave a cold, get marriedbe married，come be in，finish be over， leaver be away现在学习的是第42页，共62页 have been to a place意思是“到过、去过”，表示曾到过某处，但现在人不在那儿；have gone to a place表示“去了”，已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已经到那儿了。现在学习的是第43页，共62页You hav
28、e _ a tall young man. A grown B grown into C grown us D grown up2. He has _ the watch for a year. A buy B bought C have D had3. Has your brother _ the dog? A kept in B fed C fed on D kept on4. I _this book for two weeks, I have to return it now.A borrowed B have borrowed C kept D have kept5. Have yo
29、u ever _to the Great Wall? Its very beautiful. A gone B been C went D go 6. Her brother _the Party since 1978. A joined B has joined C has been in D was in 7. The Greens _many places of interest since they came to China. A will visit B visited C have visited D visit现在学习的是第44页，共62页8 Im sorry, I _ you
30、r name. A had forgotten B forgot C have forgotten D forgotten9 The bookshop _ for eight years. A has been open B has been opened C has opened D has open10 We have all the paper so we need to buy some.A used up B made of C filled with D hunted for11 The flower I _grown up. A planted has B planted hav
31、e C has planted D have planted现在学习的是第45页，共62页巧解现在完成时态题现在学习的是第46页，共62页(1) 现在完成时表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态,多和表示一段时间的状语连用:for+一段时间;since+点时间(since作连词后接从句时,该从句要用一般过去时) 。(2) 现在完成时态也用在含有during / in/ over the last years或in recent years等的句子中。现在学习的是第47页，共62页趁热打铁现在学习的是第48页，共62页1. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower _ tens
32、of thousands of visitors since 1995. attracted B. attracts C. has attracted D. will attract 2. How long _ you _ here? For about two years so far.have, studied B. did, live C. do, stay D. were, swimming 3. How is your father? I _him for a long time.He is fine, but busy.dont see B. hadnt seen C. didnt
33、 see D. havent seen 4. Meimei has received several letters from her hometown since she _ to the city. A. cameB. comes C. has comeD. will come 现在学习的是第49页，共62页(1) 在做时态题时,注意观察句中是否有常用于现在完成时的副词:yet, already, never, lately, recently, ever, just, before, (ever) since等。(2) 句型:It has been + 段时间+since + 过去时.
34、也可以表示为: It is + 段时间+since + 过去时.现在学习的是第50页，共62页What are you going to do this weekend? I _ yet.havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide 2. My mother _ the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. has cleaned B. had cleaned C. is cleaning D. will clean 3. It _ ten years s
35、ince we last _ in Beijing. was, met B. has been, met C. was, meet D. is, meet 4. How long has the weather been like this? _.Until last night B. Ever since last night C. Two days ago D. Two days later 现在学习的是第51页，共62页 have been to 曾经去过某处(现在已经不在那个地方,强调以前的经历)have gone to去了某处(强调主语已经离开说话者所在的地方,现在还没有回来) 现在
36、学习的是第52页，共62页趁热打铁现在学习的是第53页，共62页1. Is that Jack speaking? Sorry, he isnt in right now. He _ the cinema with his aunt. has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to 2. Hello, may I speak to your father, please? Sorry, my father _ to Shanghai. He went there this morning. A. goes B. has go
37、ne C. has beenD. go 3. How many times _ you _ to Beijing this year? Three times. have, been B. had, been C. have, gone D. had gone 现在学习的是第54页，共62页延续性动词是指那些动作可以持续的动词。如:have, keep, study, live, teach等。非延续性动词是指那些动作瞬间完成的动词。如:begin, buy, borrow, lend等。做题时,要注意句中是否有段时间,如果有则用延续性动词。现在学习的是第55页，共62页趁热打铁现在学习的是第
38、56页，共62页1. Oh, Mrs. King, your dress looks nice. Is it new? No, I _ it since two years ago. had B. bought C. have had D. have bought2. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 3. How long has the foreigner _ here? He has _ here for several hours. arrived;
39、come B. come; got C. stayed; been D. left; been away 4. The film _ for half an hour. has begun B. has been begun C. has been on D. began现在学习的是第57页，共62页过去完成时现在学习的是第58页，共62页 1、概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。-|- |-|-那时以前 那时 现在 2、构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称
40、。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 现在学习的是第59页，共62页 3、它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 oclock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 oclock. Had you reached th
41、e station before 9:00 oclock? 4、它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. E.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before.现在学习的是第60页，共62页过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。现在学习的是第61页，共62页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看9/2/2022现在学习的是第62页，共62页