《初中英语语法系列简单并列句.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语语法系列简单并列句.ppt(37页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、关于初中英语语法系列简单并列句现在学习的是第1页,共37页 句型第三讲:句型第三讲:简单句简单句并列句并列句现在学习的是第2页,共37页根据主谓结构的个数,根据主谓结构的个数,划分:划分:简单句简单句(一个主谓结构)(一个主谓结构)并列句并列句(两个或者两个以上独立的主谓结构)(两个或者两个以上独立的主谓结构)现在学习的是第3页,共37页简简 单单 句句由一个主语由一个主语(或并列主语或并列主语)和一个谓语和一个谓语(或并列谓语或并列谓语)所构成的句子。所构成的句子。其结构是:主语其结构是:主语+ 谓语谓语现在学习的是第4页,共37页简单句的种类简单句的种类根据根据使用目的使用目的, , 句子
2、可分为句子可分为: :陈述句陈述句疑问句疑问句祈使句祈使句感叹句感叹句现在学习的是第5页,共37页简单句的六种基本结构简单句的六种基本结构 主语不及物动词主语不及物动词 主语系动词表语主语系动词表语 主语及物动词宾语主语及物动词宾语 主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语 主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语(参见(参见 P82 简单句的五种基本句型)简单句的五种基本句型) There be 主语句型主语句型现在学习的是第6页,共37页1.1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。 and连接两个并列主语时为复数,谓语连接两个并列主语
3、时为复数,谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式。动词也相应地使用复数形式。Girls and boys are going to Beijingtomorrow.现在学习的是第7页,共37页但以下几种情况例外:但以下几种情况例外:(1). 如果如果and连接的两个名词是不可数连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词。名词且前面都没有冠词。若两个词表示若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念一个事物或一个概念,谓语动词要用单数;谓语动词要用单数;Tea and milk is my favorite drink. 奶茶是我最爱的饮料。奶茶是我最爱的饮料。This bread and butter is too
4、thick.这块涂了黄油的面包太厚了。这块涂了黄油的面包太厚了。 fish and chips 鱼炸薯条鱼炸薯条如果两个词表示的是如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念,两个事物或两个概念,谓语动词则要用复数。谓语动词则要用复数。现在学习的是第8页,共37页(2)如果如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词,连接的是两个可数单数名词,前一个有冠词,后一个没有冠词,意味前一个有冠词,后一个没有冠词,意味着一个人或事物,谓语动词要用单数。着一个人或事物,谓语动词要用单数。 The singer and dancer is a good student. 这位歌舞演员是位好学生。这位歌舞演员是位好学生。 现
5、在学习的是第9页,共37页(3)当当and连接的两个名词前都有连接的两个名词前都有each,every,many a,no等单数概念的限定等单数概念的限定词修饰时词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略以省略),谓语动词要用单数。,谓语动词要用单数。Many a boy and many a girl has read that novel. 现在学习的是第10页,共37页2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。陈述句与疑问句的转换。3.选择疑问句。选择疑问句。4.反意疑问句。反意疑问句。(1)陈述句陈述句+省略问句省略问句(2)祈使句祈使句+附加疑问句附加疑问句(3)反意疑问句
6、的回答反意疑问句的回答 现在学习的是第11页,共37页并并 列列 句句由由并列连词把并列连词把两个两个或或两个以上两个以上的互相关连而的互相关连而又互相独立的独句又互相独立的独句 (即简单句即简单句) 连在一起而构连在一起而构成的句子。成的句子。其结构是:简单句其结构是:简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句常用的连词有:常用的连词有:and, but, or,not only.but also, neither.nor, either.or现在学习的是第12页,共37页( (二二) )并列句的考点并列句的考点(1) 并列连词的选用。并列连词的选用。(2) 并列连词与从属连词的区别。并列连词与
7、从属连词的区别。 现在学习的是第13页,共37页 并列连词: 连接两个或两个以上地位平等的词,词组,分句或句子的连词。 从属连词: 连接两个或两个以上的分句(从属关系),用来引导复杂句中的从属分句(名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句)的连词。 现在学习的是第14页,共37页并并 列列 连连 词词并列连词连接并列连词连接地位平等地位平等的词,短语或者句子。的词,短语或者句子。常见的并列连词有:常见的并列连词有:(1)表表并列关系并列关系的:的: and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。等。(2)表表选择关系选择关系的:的: or, eitheror等。
8、等。(3)表表转折关系转折关系的:的:but, while等。等。(4)表表因果关系因果关系的:的: for, so等。等。现在学习的是第15页,共37页就近一致原则就近一致原则在并列连词 either A or B(或者A或者B) , A or B (A或者B) ,neither A nor B (既不是A也不是B), not only A but also B (不仅A而且B) ,not A but B (不是A而是B) , 引导两个并列主语A和B:For example(例如):Neither I nor he has finished the homework. 谓语动词与靠近的名词、
9、代词(B)在“人称、数”上一致。另外there be句型,谓语动词be也遵循就近一致原则。现在学习的是第16页,共37页一、一、 并列连词并列连词1. Mary likes music _Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B. but C. soand : : 表对等表对等 “ “和、并且和、
10、并且” ” but: 表转折表转折 “ “但是但是”so: 表因果表因果 “ “所以所以”and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法现在学习的是第17页,共37页4. Which do you like better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or5. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. oror: 1. 用于用于疑问疑问句句, , 表表选择选择:“或或” ” 2. 用于用于否定否定句句, , 表表并列并列:“和和”现在学习的是第18页,共37页一、一、 并列连词并列连词6. Try yo
11、ur best _ youll make more progress. A. and B. but C. or7. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. orand 和和 or 都可以在都可以在祈使句祈使句中使用,区别如下:中使用,区别如下:and: 通常是通常是比较好比较好的结果的结果;or: 则表示则表示不愉快或不理想不愉快或不理想的结果的结果. and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法现在学习的是第19页,共37页一、一、并列连词并列连词8. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and
12、B. but C. or9. He or the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from10. Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. areadj.比比 + and + adj.比比 表示越来越表示越来越A or B 和和 not A but B 结构作主语时,谓语结构作主语时,谓语动词要使用动词要使用就近原则就近原则。and, or, but, so 特殊用法特殊用法现在学习的是第20页,共37页一、一、并列连词并列连词12. Both Peter a
13、nd I _ going to Guangzhou. A. are B. is C. am13. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. /14. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to15. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. ambothandeitherorneithernornot onlybut al
14、so以上结构做主语,除以上结构做主语,除bothand 谓语要用复数外,其谓语要用复数外,其余都遵循谓语动词的余都遵循谓语动词的就近一致原则就近一致原则。现在学习的是第21页,共37页从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有:(1)引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的: if(如果), unless, as long as 等。(3)引导原因状语从句的: because, as, since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的: so that, in orde
15、r that等。(5)引导让步状语从句的: though, although, even if等。(6)引导结果状语从句的: so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引导比较状语从句的: than, asas等。(8)引导宾语从句的: that, if (是否), whether等。现在学习的是第22页,共37页主将从现原则主将从现原则(在时间状语从句&条件状语从句中,如主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。)(1)引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as(一
16、就)等。(2)引导条件状语从句的: if (如果), unless (除非), as long as(只要) 等。现在学习的是第23页,共37页不可同现原则不可同现原则Although(虽然) 和 but(但是) 不能同时出现同一简单句中。Because (因为)和 so(所以) 不能同时出现同一简单句中。可以用although/ though.yet 句型现在学习的是第24页,共37页宾语从句的时态与语序宾语从句的时态与语序1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时一般现在时时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态任何适当的时态。(应根据实际情况而定)。 主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时一般过去时的
17、时候,其宾语从句的时态一般要用任一适当的过去时态任一适当的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时来时)。 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序陈述语序。(主语+谓语)If 引导宾语从句时,时态也要看这两点引导宾语从句时,时态也要看这两点现在学习的是第25页,共37页1. Ill tell your father the truth as soon as he _ here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at2. We dont know if he _ us for the picnic. Ill ca
18、ll you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But Ill tell you when I _ the answer. A. broke; find out B. broken; will find out C. were broken; find out二、从属连词二、从属连词从属连词用来引导从句从属连词用来引导从句 现在学习的是第26页,共37页4. You wont understand until you _
19、him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but7. It has been seven years since he _ here. A. left B. leaves C. leave见代词见代词PPTit的特殊用法,的特殊用法,6. 自从自从以来,已经有以来,已经有(时间)
20、了。(时间)了。 It is / has been + 时段时段 + since + 从句从句(过去时过去时)现在学习的是第27页,共37页8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate f
21、rom C. graduated for 1. 两个动作同时发生两个动作同时发生 2. A动作在动作在B动作延续的时间内发生动作延续的时间内发生 3. A动作在动作在B动作之后发生动作之后发生 现在学习的是第28页,共37页11. Tom works in a hospital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell as
22、leep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to 1. 表示对比,表示对比,“然而,而然而,而” 2. 表示表示“当当的时候的时候”。 两个动词同时发生。两个动词同时发生。必须使用必须使用延续性延续性动词。动词。 现在学习的是第29页,共37页14. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result. A. and B. but C. /although 和和 but 不能同时出现。不能同时出现。becaus
23、e 和和 so 不能同时出现。不能同时出现。现在学习的是第30页,共37页【例例1】 Neither he nor I_from Canada. We are from Australia.2002,山西,山西 A.is B.are C.am D.be 典型例题解析典型例题解析C 【例例2】 There is a lot of_in the box. 2002,吉林,吉林 A.cake B.bags of cakes C.milk D.bags of milk C现在学习的是第31页,共37页1.We cant live_water. A.with B.has C.havent D.witho
24、ut2.We must hurry,_we will be late for school. A.and B.or C.but D.if3._you_she are like English. A.Both.and B.Neither.nor C.Either.or D.Not only.but also4.The number of the students_50. A.are B.am C.is D.have5.He was tired,_he still went on working. A.and B.but C.or D.also 课时训练课时训练(D)(B)(A)(C)(B)现在学
25、习的是第32页,共37页 课时训练课时训练6._Lily_Lucy can go with you. Because one of them must look after their mother at home. A.Neither.nor B.Either.or C.Both.and D.No tonly.but also7.Will you go and get some more_for the teacher? A.chalks B.piece of chalk C.pieces of chalk D.pieces of chalks8._is made of _. A.Glass
26、es,glasses B.A glass,glass C.Glasses,glasses D.A glass,glasses9.We are very tired,we should have_rest. A.half an hour B.an hour C.half a hours D.an hours10.I heard her_in the next room. A.singing B.sang C.go sing D.sing (B)(C)(A)(A)(A)现在学习的是第33页,共37页11.I usually have breakfast at home. _. A.So have
27、I B.So do I C.I have so D.I do so12.Open the door,_? A.will you B.wont you C.dont you D.do you13.Sheep live on grass,_? A.doesnt it B.dont they C.does it D.do they14.He found_interesting to learn English. A.it B.this C.that D.those15.Why_the information on the Internet. A.not search B.search C.dont
28、search D.do search 课时训练课时训练(B)(B)(B)(A)(A)现在学习的是第34页,共37页16.You usually play football after school,dont you? _.But today I want to read English. A.Yes,I do B.No,I dont C.No,I dont D.No,I do17._good weather it is today! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a18.He hasnt finished the work yet,has he? _.He finis
29、hed it yesterday. A.Yes,he has B.No,he hasnt C.Yes,he hasnt D.No,he has19.I didnt finish my homework yesterday.He didnt finish his homework,_. A.too B.also C.either D.well20.Lets talk about the picture,_? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.shant we 课时训练课时训练(A)(A)(A)(C)(C)现在学习的是第35页,共37页21.Its a beau
30、tiful day. _. A.so is it B.so it is C.so does it D.so it does22.There is going to _a sports meeting next week. A.have B.has C.hold D.be23._exciting the news is ! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an24.The weather in Beijing is worse than _ in Nanjing. A.that B.those C.it D.this25._TV is my mothers hobby. A.Watch B.Watching C.Seeing D.See 课时训练课时训练BDACB现在学习的是第36页,共37页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看9/2/2022现在学习的是第37页,共37页