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1、Unit,4,Tradition and Progress,Book 4,Think and Discuss,Viewing the World,Exploring the Theme,Analytical Listening,Sharing Your Ideas,Engaging,Further Listening,Content,Think and Discuss,Unit 4 Tradition and Progress,Questions,A man in Alaska uses a laptop computer while sitting on a snowbank.,1. Wha
2、t is interesting or surprising about this photo? 2. What does the word progress mean to you? 3. What traditions are important to you? What would happen if these traditions disappeared?,Example Answers Its interesting that a man in a very remote place is using modern technology. Its surprising that h
3、e seems quite comfortable in such a cold, outdoor setting.,Questions,1. What is interesting or surprising about this photo?,Example Answers To me, the word progress means moving forward or improving. It might refer to technological progress, for example, more and more people have Internetaccess; pol
4、itical progress, for example, a government is becoming less corrupt and more just; or perhaps personal progress, for example, someone is becoming more educated or getting a better job.,Questions,2. What does the word progress mean to you?,Example Answers Some of the Chinese cultural traditions like
5、celebrating the Chinese New Year and the Moon Festival in autumn are important to me. If these traditions disappeared, I wouldnt feel as full. I would miss feeling connected to my family and my culture.,Questions,3. What traditions are important to you? What would happen if these traditions disappea
6、red?,Exploring the Theme,Unit 4 Tradition and Progress,Tradition and Progress,hunter-gatherer n. （依靠打猎捕鱼和采集果实为生的）狩猎采集者 monastery n. 寺院,A | Look at the photos and read the captions. Then discuss the questions.,A teenager learns to play a new sportbasketballnear his home in Batsumber, Mongolia.,Tradit
7、ion and Progress,Female weavers work in Chinchero, Peru. The weavers keep their traditional weaving skills alive by using them in a modern wayto earn money to support their families and their town.,Tradition and Progress,The Hadza people of Tanzania are one of the last hunter-gatherer groups on Eart
8、h. Today, their traditional way of life is changing.,Tradition and Progress,A woman in Kyoto, Japan shops for food along with her helper, a talking robot.,Tradition and Progress,A monk talks on a cell phone at a monastery in India.,Tradition and Progress,Discuss the questions. 1. Which of these phot
9、os do you find the most interesting? Why? 2. Why would people want to keep their traditions? 3. How do you think life has changed for these people over the last 10 years?,Tradition and Progress,Example Answers 1 I find the large photo the most interesting because basketball is not a traditional spor
10、t in Mongolia. They dont have the proper equipment, but they have found a way to enjoy the game.,Tradition and Progress,1. Which of these photos do you find the most interesting? Why?,Example Answers 2 I find the photo of the women in Peru the most interesting because they are wearing colorful and u
11、nusual clothing. I find the photo of the Hadza people the most interesting because even though they appear to live in a dry climate, they find enough food to live on.,Tradition and Progress,1. Which of these photos do you find the most interesting? Why?,Example Answers 3 I find the photo from Japan
12、the most interesting because it features a robot that appears to be helping people to do their grocery shopping.,Tradition and Progress,1. Which of these photos do you find the most interesting? Why?, I find the photo of the monk in India the most interesting because even though he is in a very remo
13、te place, he is able to use a cell phone to communicate.,Example Answers People might want to keep their traditions because those traditions connect them to their ancestors as well as the places where they live. Some traditions, such as holiday celebrations, are also very enjoyable, so people keep t
14、hem because theyre a lot of fun.,Tradition and Progress,2. Why would people want to keep their traditions?,Example Answers For the people in the photos, life has probably changed in several different ways over the last 10 years. For some, their traditions may be difficult to keep. For example, the H
15、adza people live in a very old way, and it may have become more and more difficult to keep their way of life due to changes of the environment.,Tradition and Progress,3. How do you think life has changed for these people over the last 10 years?,To be continued ,Example Answers (continued) For other
16、people, for example the ones in Mongolia, Peru, and India, international culture and technology have entered their lives. In more developed countries such as Japan, the role of high-tech has begun to play an increasingly greater role in peoples lives.,Tradition and Progress,3. How do you think life
17、has changed for these people over the last 10 years?,Analytical Listening,Unit 4 Tradition and Progress,Listening 1,The flag of Bhutan,Bhutan Fast Facts Population: 722,000 (2012) Capital: Thimphu Area: 14,824 square miles (38,394 square kilometers),Listening 1,Children play video games in a Thimphu
18、 caf.,Listening 1,Sompel 颂佩尔（人名） monarchy n. 君主制 pillar n. 非常重要的部分 transition v. 过渡，转变 anticipate v. 预期，预料,A | Predicting Content. Look at the flag of Bhutan and read the information about Bhutan. Then answer the questions with a partner. .,Listening 1,1. What image do you see on Bhutans flag? What
19、do you think it means? 2. Do you think Bhutan is a modern country? 3. Bhutan is trying to measure its Gross National Happiness. What do you think this phrase means?,Listening 1,Example Answers On Bhutans flag, I can see a dragon on a background of two colorsyellow and orange. The colors are divided
20、diagonally down the middle. The flag may symbolize two aspects of the country that have equal importance, while the dragon is an important mythical creature in many Asian countries,1. What image do you see on Bhutans flag? What do you think it means?,Listening 1,Example Answers I think Bhutan is a m
21、odern country because I heard that its government has progressive policies that improve the well-being of its citizens. I dont think Bhutan is a modern country because it doesnt have any big cities, and it doesnt play an important role in world affairs.,2. Do you think Bhutan is a modern country?,Li
22、stening 1,Example Answers Gross National Happiness reminds me of the phrase Gross National Product (GNP), which measures the size of a countrys economy. So similarly, maybe Gross National Happiness measures how much happiness all of Bhutanese people can get from their lives.,3. Bhutan is trying to m
23、easure its Gross National Happiness. What do you think this phrase means?,A | Listening for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen to a students presentation about the country of Bhutan and choose the correct answers.,A Student Presentation,Listening 1,Why did Bhutan reject t
24、he modern world? a. Because using technology was against the law. b. Because the government wanted to avoid negative influences. c. Because the people believed they didnt need any technology.,b,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,2. What government change is happening in Bhutan? a. Bhutan is m
25、oving toward democracy. b. Bhutan is becoming an absolute monarchy. c. The king is taking away many of the peoples powers. 3. Why does Sompel say that cultural preservation is a challenge for Bhutan? a. Because half of its population is under the age of 30. b. Because many people in Bhutan cant read
26、 or write. c. Because Bhutan produces movies about cultural issues.,a,a,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,4. What is Sompels attitude about Bhutans future? a. It is confusing to him. b. It makes him feel sad. c. He is hopeful.,c,Listening 1,B | Completing an Idea Map. Listen to part of the p
27、resentation again. Complete the idea map with information from the presentation.,good,development,environmental,cultural,king,country,68 percent,forests,TV channels,harmful,Listening 1,Critical Thinking. Form a group with another pair of students. Discuss the questions.,1. Do you think that the deci
28、sion to open up Bhutan to the modern world was a correct decision? Why or why not? 2. Bhutanese people were able to watch TV for the first time in 1999. If it had been your decision to make, which television programs would have been shown first? Which ones would have been shown later or not at all?
29、Give reasons for your decisions. 3. What does a government have to do to make sure its citizens are happy? Brainstorm some ideas with your group.,Listening 1,Example Answers 1 I do think the decision to open up Bhutan to the modern world was a good decision because now the country has better educati
30、on, communication, and arts than it had before.,1. Do you think that the decision to open up Bhutan to the modern world was a correct decision? Why or why not?,Listening 1,Example Answers 2 I dont think the decision to open up Bhutan to the modern world was a good decision because now Bhutan has pro
31、blems it did not have before, including gangs, crime, and drugs.,1. Do you think that the decision to open up Bhutan to the modern world was a correct decision? Why or why not?,Listening 1,Example Answers If I had made the decision on which TV programs would be shown first in Bhutan, I would have ch
32、osen educational shows such as the news, nature programs, and historical programs. These would have been important for decreasing the countrys isolation and improving the knowledge of its citizens.,2. Bhutanese people were able to watch TV for the first time in 1999. If it had been your decision to
33、make, which television programs would have been shown first? Which ones would have been shown later or not at all? Give reasons for your decisions.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Example Answers (continued) And if I had made the decision on which TV programs would be shown later or not at all in Bhuta
34、n, I would have chosen programs that use murder and other crimes for entertainment purposes. In an isolated country such as Bhutan, viewers might not have had enough knowledge of the media to dismiss that kind of subject matter as fictional.,2. Bhutanese people were able to watch TV for the first ti
35、me in 1999. If it had been your decision to make, which television programs would have been shown first? Which ones would have been shown later or not at all? Give reasons for your decisions.,Listening 1,Example Answers Things a government can do to insure its citizens are happy include making sure
36、everyone can make enough money to meet their basic needs and get good medical care when theyre sick, having adequate transportation and communication systems to allow people to participate in the modern world,3. What does a government have to do to make sure its citizens are happy? Brainstorm some i
37、deas with your group.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Example Answers (continued) and protecting the environment so that people have clean air to breathe and clean water to drink.,3. What does a government have to do to make sure its citizens are happy? Brainstorm some ideas with your group.,A Student
38、Presentation Teacher: OK, class, lets get started with the first presentation. Sompel has prepared a short presentation about his home country of Bhutan. Go ahead, Sompel.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Sompel: Thanks. Um, hi, everybody! You know that my name is Sompel, but you may not know that Im fr
39、om Bhutan. Bhutan is a small country high in the Himalaya Mountainsbetween India and China. In our language, Bhutan is known as Druk Yul, which in English is land, land of the thunder dragon. The dragon is even displayed on our flag. For many years, my country was isolated from the world, partly due
40、 to its geography its surrounded by high mountainsbut also because of government policies.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Our government had always been a, an absolute monarchy, I mean, government headed by a king with unlimited power. Anyway, until very recently, Bhutan had no electricity, no cars or
41、 trucks, no telephones, and no postal service. You may be surprised to learn that in Bhutan people have only had television since 1999. It was the last country on Earth to get it. You may be wondering: Why did Bhutan reject the modern world for so long?,To be continued ,Listening 1,Well, the governm
42、ent was trying to protect the people from negative influences such as high crime rates, youth violence, and pollution. But the king has admitted that the policy of isolation had many negative consequences. For example, the education system definitely fell behind. Some people never learned to read an
43、d write. Then, one of our kings began opening up Bhutan to the outside world, and our current king has continued the process. There are new roads, schools, and health clinics. The king doesnt want to open up the country all at once to the outside world and risk ruining it. He wants our countrys deve
44、lopment to be guided by, now let me think, oh, yes, Gross National Happiness.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Teacher: Sompel, sorry to interrupt, before you continue, could you define Gross National Happiness for the class, please? Sompel: Um, sure. How should I put it? Well, youve probably heard of G
45、ross National Product, which is a phrase that refers to the dollar value of all the goods and services produced by a country over a period of time. Its one way of measuring a countrys success. But Gross National Happiness is different. Actually, one of our kings invented the phrase Gross National Ha
46、ppiness.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Its the approach the country takes to the domestic development of Bhutanto help make sure that the people are always happy with their lives and with the country. There are four parts, um, four “pillars”, to this approach: good government, sustainable development
47、, environmental protection, and cultural preservation. So, for good government, the king puts the needs of the country first. In fact, even though the people love him, he gave away most of his power to the people in 2006.,Listening 1,To be continued ,Thats when the country transitioned to democracy.
48、 The king still has an important role, but he no longer has absolute power. Real power belongs to the people and the officials that we elect. Sustainable development means that we help our country grow without damaging the environment. And the pillar of environmental protection is closely related to
49、 sustainable development, too. Agriculture is very important in Bhutan, and we are trying to find new ways to farm without hurting the environment.,Listening 1,To be continued ,Also, the government wants to keep 68 percent of the land covered in forests. Cultural preservation the last pillaris a challenge though. Half of Bhutans population is in their twenties or younger, and the government anticipates that some young people will get involved with gangs, crime, or drugs, for example. The government has banned television channels that they think are harmful. Even so, youth gangs