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1、-精校版 2019高考英语全国1卷及参考答案-第 9 页2019高考全国I卷英语试题绝密启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I）英 语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANeed a J
2、ob This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build
3、 skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communit
4、ies（社区）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship You
5、th Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are h
6、ired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Compan
7、y? A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.2
8、3. Which program favors the disabled? A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company. C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now its Chris Palaezs turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the cl
9、ass. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should should”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering supp
10、ort.“Vote for me ”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of t
11、he year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learnin
12、g English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，I dont know，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart.
13、Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”24. What ma
14、de Chris nervous？A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A.
15、help students see their own strengthsB. assess students public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students love for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.CAs data and identity theft bec
16、omes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around
17、 this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These pat
18、terns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already
19、familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how th
20、ey typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To redu
21、ce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？ A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns
22、vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？ A. Itll be environment-friendly. B. Itll reach consumers soon. C. Itll be made of plastics. D. Itll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary.
23、 B.A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.DDuring the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not b
24、y being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status see
25、kers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior
26、.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the
27、 two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）. “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly
28、showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and con
29、nect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help
30、somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.33.What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of i
31、nterpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.34. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.35. What is the best title for the
32、text?A. Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the Best-You Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearingpeople tell us to “go out and get some
33、fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. 37 If the air youre breathing is clean which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors
34、, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）. 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out th
35、at just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情绪）. Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It give
36、s us a great feeling of peace. 40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats
37、plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as impo
38、rtantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain
39、 in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im 44 about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon 45 that much has cha
40、nged since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isnt r
41、eaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the
42、 weather 55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Do
43、es Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. cra
44、zy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. allD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. obser
45、vedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58
46、. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire第二节 （共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologi