关系副词引导的定语从句.ppt

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1、关于关系副词引导的定语从句现在学习的是第1页，共84页关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人 / 物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语、表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语, 表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人 / 物物定定语语 (whose + n.)as主语 . 宾语The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词)口诀:定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语或状 语）第三选择合适的关系词现在学习的是第2页，共84页1.This i

2、s al l _ I know about the matter. A. that B. What C. who D. whether2.Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B . that C. who D. what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itChoose the best answers:现在学习的是第3页，共84页4. Please take the second chair _ is over ther

3、e. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C. which D. it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 现在学习的是第4页，共84页7. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we exp

4、ected. A. what B. which C. that D. it现在学习的是第5页，共84页关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during which) where (=in/at /on/under which)why (=for which) 时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语现在学习的是第6页，共84页n（一）关系副词（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhere引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如点的名词，如place,factory,hous

5、e,village等。等。n例：例：nChina is the only country where wild pandas can be found.nThis is the house where I lived two years ago. 现在学习的是第7页，共84页知识拓展：知识拓展：1. 关系副词关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引导的定引导的定语从句。语从句。Eg: The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel in which we st

6、ayed wasnt clean. = The hotel which/ that we stayed in wasnt clean.现在学习的是第8页，共84页nThe house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now. =The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.现在学习的是第9页，共84页n2. 若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是地点地点，但定语，但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，用，用which或或that引导定语从句引导定语从句，而不用，而不用wh

7、ere来引导。来引导。 The library that/ which you visited yesterday was built in 1990. 现在学习的是第10页，共84页n3. 如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, stage, condition和和case, position 等表示抽象等表示抽象意义的词，常用意义的词，常用where / prep + which引导引导，意思是，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。 例：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.

8、 现在学习的是第11页，共84页n【典型例题典型例题】n1. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. nA. that B. when nC. which D. where 现在学习的是第12页，共84页n2. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. nA. why B. what nC. that D. where现在学习的是第13页，共84页n3. I have

9、reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.nA. which B. where nC. how D. why 现在学习的是第14页，共84页n4. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days.nA. where B. there nC. which D. when 现在学习的是第15页，共84页nwhen引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如间的名词，如time

10、,day,hour,year等。等。n例：例：nThe time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句现在学习的是第16页，共84页 先行词是time时n若若time 是作是作“次数次数”讲时，应用关系代词讲时，应用关系代词that引导引导的定语从句，的定语从句，that可以省略。可以省略。nThis is the second time (that) the president has visited the country.nI could hard

11、ly remember how many times (that) Ive failed.n若若time 作作”一段时间，时代一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关系副讲时，应用关系副词词when 或介词或介词at/during + which 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句nThis was at a time when/ duing which there was no radios, no telephones or no TVs.现在学习的是第17页，共84页n1. This is the second time_ I have been here.n2. Can you still rememb

12、er the time _we spent together in our childhood.n3. The first time _he saw her, he fell in love with her.n(1. that /不填 2. that /which 3. that/不填)现在学习的是第18页，共84页n4) We are living in a age _ many things are done on the Internet.nA. Which B. ThatnC. Whose D. when现在学习的是第19页，共84页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1. 关系副词关系副词wh

13、en引导的定语从句也可以转引导的定语从句也可以转换为换为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引导引导的定语从句。的定语从句。nI still remember the time when (during which ) I lived in the countryside. 现在学习的是第20页，共84页n2. 若定语从句的若定语从句的先行词是时间，先行词是时间，但定语但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定语从引导定语从句。句。n Ill never forget the time that / which I spent on c

14、ampus. nIll never forget the time that/ which was spent with you. 现在学习的是第21页，共84页n1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. nA. if B. when nC. which D. since现在学习的是第22页，共84页n2. We went through a period _ communications were very difficul

15、t in the rural areas. nA. which B. whose nC. in which D. with which 现在学习的是第23页，共84页n3. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.nA. Who nB. WhichnC. WhynD. When 现在学习的是第24页，共84页n（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhy引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：词，如：excuse

16、; explanation; reason等。等。n例：例：nThe reason why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to see Jane.现在学习的是第25页，共84页nWe cant accept the excuse why you were absent. nThis is the explanation why they put off the meeting.现在学习的是第26页，共84页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1. 关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“for +which

17、 ”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nThis is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.现在学习的是第27页，共84页n2. 若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语，但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定引导定语从句。语从句。nThe reason that/ which she gave me was not true.现在学习的是第28页，共84页n即学即用n1) The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.n2) T

18、he reason he explained is not true. why that/ which 现在学习的是第29页，共84页n3) The reason _ he was absent was _ he had a bad cold.nA. When, becausenB. When , whynC. Why becausenD. Why that现在学习的是第30页，共84页(四) Way 后接定语从句的情况nway 后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有which/ in which / that /不填不填，如：，如： n I recognized hes from

19、Australia fromn the way _ he speaks. in which ( that / 不填)现在学习的是第31页，共84页填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/ which/不填that/in which/不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that / which / 不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that /

20、in which / 不填现在学习的是第32页，共84页n1. I dont like the way _you laugh at her.n In which/ that / 不填现在学习的是第33页，共84页（四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词 现在学习的是第34页，共84页n1. This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.n2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.n3. This is the mountain village _ _ I

21、stayed in last year.that/ whichwherethat/ which/不填现在学习的是第35页，共84页介词可后移，此时关系代词可以省略nThis is the book for which you asked.n= This is the book which/that/不填 you asked for.n但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词的后面nEg. This is Xu Jingleis latest movie (which/that) she is looking for.现在学习的是第36页，共84页n1. Is this mu

22、seum _ you visited a few days ago?nA. where B. that nC. on which D. the onen2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?nA. where B. that nC. on which D. the one现在学习的是第37页，共84页n归纳：归纳：n关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which,

23、whose)；先行词在从句中作；先行词在从句中作状语状语时，应选时，应选择关系副词择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，地点状语，when 时间时间状语，状语，why 原因状语原因状语) 。现在学习的是第38页，共84页“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是介词后的关系代词只能是which （指物指物）whom（指人指人） 现在学习的是第39页，共84页介词选择的三原则：n一 介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定n on which I spent 5 yuan .n for which I paid 5 yuan .nThis is the book from which

24、I learnt a lot. about which Tom often talks现在学习的是第40页，共84页二. 介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而 确定 nI remember the day on which I joined n the Party.n the days during which I n lived here.n the month in whic I stayed n there.现在学习的是第41页，共84页三. 介词根据从句所表达的意义而 确定nMy computer, without which I cant play computer games, crashe

25、d yesterday.nLearning a countrys culture is like opening a window, through which you can know about that country better.现在学习的是第42页，共84页四. 当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时 ，常用 of which/ whom 引导定语从句nThe old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.nThis is the house, the windows of which (whose window) are very be

26、autiful.现在学习的是第43页，共84页五. 介词短语 + 关系代词n常见短语： at the foot of ; at the bake of ; n in front of ; on the top ofnEg: They stayed in a big hotel, in front of which was a garden.现在学习的是第44页，共84页六. 名词（代词/数词）+ of +关系 代词n该结构一般引导非限制性定语从句， 在从句中一般做主语nEg; The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destr

27、oyed again in the big fire.现在学习的是第45页，共84页七. 介词 + whose n在定语从句中做在定语从句中做定语定语，修饰其后的名词，修饰其后的名词Eg: She is the very person in whose pocket I found my lost watch.现在学习的是第46页，共84页n1. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.nA. Of whichnB. With withnC. About whichnD. Into which现在学习的是

28、第47页，共84页n2. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.nA. In itnB. In nC. In thatnD. In which现在学习的是第48页，共84页n3. Tom received training in a computer for one year , _ he found a job in a big company.nA. After thatnB. After whichnC. After itnD. After this现在学习的是第49页，共

29、84页n4. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _ we gave some bells and glasses.nA. to which B. to whomnC. with whom D. With that现在学习的是第50页，共84页n5. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten n Windows, most of _ hadnt been n cleaned for ten years.n A. these B. tho

30、se C. that D. which 现在学习的是第51页，共84页现在学习的是第52页，共84页as 引导定语从句现在学习的是第53页，共84页 在定语从句中，一般的从句关系代词是which、who、whom、that、 whose, 其代替主句中的人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。一、as引导限制性定语从句主要结构有：the sameasasassuchassoas主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。现在学习的是第54页，共84页1. Its the same person as we wanted to fi

31、nd yesterday .我们昨天要找的是同一个人。2. Such girls as he knows are good at English .他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。3. Do you have such books as we like ?你有我们喜欢那种书吗？4. She will marry as healthy a man as she can find .她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。现在学习的是第55页，共84页5. There is so warm a house as we want to live in .这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。6. He has

32、 so difficult a problem , as none of us can solve .他有如此难的一个问题，我们没有人能解决。现在学习的是第56页，共84页二、引导非限制性定语从句 as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾1 As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。2 The earth , as we know , moves round the sun .地球，我们都知道，围着太阳转。3 Tom wo

33、rks hard and is willing to help others, as we all know.汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。现在学习的是第57页，共84页 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用as做主语 be said /known/announced /reported/mentioned /expected/discussedGrammar , as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules. 语法，就像以前所说，不是一套死规则。As is known to all , TaiWan is a pa

34、rt of China .现在学习的是第58页，共84页 as引导非限制性定语从句，有“如，似，正像”的含义，因此，下列句式多用asas has been said above 如上所说as anybody can see正像每个人所看到的那样as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样The boy has as much progress as we had expected.正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。现在学习的是第59页，共84页n定语从句与其他从句的比较定语从句与其他从句的比较n1. 非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较并列句的比较

35、nHe has two sons. Both of_ are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, and both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons; both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nHe has two sons, both of _are teachers. （ 句）句）nA. them B. whomA简单AA并列并列B定语从现在学习的是第60页，共84页n分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。从句、简单句和

36、并列句的一个关键。 现在学习的是第61页，共84页n2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句与引导的非限制性定语从句与 it引导的句子引导的句子nThe earth is round, and _is known to all.n_is known to all, the earth is round.n_is known to all that the earth is round. nA. (I)it B. A(a)s ABA现在学习的是第62页，共84页n3. 定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句n(1) This is such a big stone _no one can lift it

37、.（ 从句）从句）nThis is such a big stone _no one can lift. （ 从句）从句）状语thatas定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。现在学习的是第63页，共84页n(2) Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it. （ 从句）从句）nPlease put the letter where he can easily find it. （ 从句）从句）定语状语总结：wh

38、ere前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。现在学习的是第64页，共84页n4. when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。引导的定语从句与强调句句型。nIt was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）nIt was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）whenthat定语从强调总结：强调句句型：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who +其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who, 句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要

39、作一成分。现在学习的是第65页，共84页n解题技巧：解题技巧：n1. 通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。n2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。句式。n3. 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词词；缺状语，用关系副词n4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。等。现在学习的是第66页，共84页n即学即用：即学即用：n1) Yesterd

40、ay my physics teacher set such a difficult exam problem _ none of us worked out. nA. that B. as nC. so that D. whichB 现在学习的是第67页，共84页n2) Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends.nA. which B. that nC. whom D. themC 现在学习的是第68页，共84页n3) It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinem

41、a.nA. which B. that nC. when D. on whichC 现在学习的是第69页，共84页1. Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.when /in whichwhichwhere/ in which几种易混的情况及物动词现在学习的是第70页，共84页4. I went to the place _ I visited t

42、en years ago.5. This is the reason _ he was late. 6. This is the reason _ he gave. whichwhy/ for whichthat/which及物动词及物动词现在学习的是第71页，共84页 1. Last week , 0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them. A. None of them B. Both of them C. None of whom D. Neither of whom现在学习的是第72页，共84页 The

43、 man pulled out a golden watch, -_were made of small diamonds. A . The hands of whom B . Whom the hands of C . Which the hands of D . The hands of which现在学习的是第73页，共84页 The newly built cafe, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. A . That

44、 B . It C .what D . which现在学习的是第74页，共84页 Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen. A . That B . Which C . Whose D .what现在学习的是第75页，共84页 You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family. A . Which B . Where C .when D . as现在学习的是第76页，共84页 Julie was good

45、at German, French ,and Russian ,all of _she spoke fluently. A . Who B. Whom C. Which D. that现在学习的是第77页，共84页 (2011四川高考四川高考) That evening,_ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhat现在学习的是第78页，共84页 (2011陕西高考陕西高考) I walked up to the top of the hill with my

46、friends, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat 现在学习的是第79页，共84页 (2012合肥质量调研合肥质量调研)I remember early spring mornings _ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books. Awhen Bwhy Cwhere Dwhich现在学习的是第80页，共84页 (2012杭州第二次质量检测杭州第二次质量检测)Nowadays young people j

47、ust cant live without the Internet, _ they depend on for whatever information they need. Awhen Bwhich Cwhere Dthat现在学习的是第81页，共84页 I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which现在学习的是第82页，共84页专题专练1. Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth

48、visiting? He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _ I doubt very much. There is a lake near our schoolyard, _ depth is out of your expectation. -Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?- Well, anything is Ok for me. 5. The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library. as which whose that which = the lakes 现在学习的是第83页，共84页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看8/31/2022现在学习的是第84页，共84页