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1、-八年级英语阅读理解专项训练-第 4 页八年级英语阅读理解专项训练【方法介绍】：做阅读理解部分时还要考虑段际关系，即段落与段落之间的关系。段际关系可能是顺接关系、转折关系、例证关系或对比与对照关系。段际关系的理解是理解过渡句使用的前提条件。还有一种特殊的段际关系，即过渡关系，两个段落之间有一个过渡段起承上启下的作用。1. 抓住文章的首段与末段及段落的首句和末句：文章的首段与末段、段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落中心思想，其它段落及句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句。了解了它们的含义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获
2、得解决问题的答案。 2、进行合理推断：对文章有了详细而全面的理解之后，就要按照文章内容、上下文的逻辑关系，作出推理判断。阅读理解涉及词汇、语法、句型、段落结构、文化背景等各方面知识。答题时，领会句子之间的逻辑关系，特别是相邻句子之间的关系，这样有利于理解全文。表示逻辑关系的标志词是连接词、副词、代词、介词短语、关系词、插入语等，通读时应特别注意。3、猜测推敲生词：阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着，冷静，细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通过对全篇短文的理解，就很有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正
3、含义。猜测生词的另一种方法是，根据构词法推测。4、利用常识解题：多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。 5、正确理解题纲：阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型：一是直接回答who, whom, which, what, where, when, why, how等疑问词引起的细节问题；二是猜测词义题；三是推理判断题；四是综合概括题。(A) Do you remember when your grandma told you the story of Snow White? Ah, the happy days of childhood!But did you know that Snow White
4、comes from Germany? Its just one story from the 209 in Grimms Fairy Tales (格林童话). The Grimm brothers started to collect fairy tales in 1806. Their first book came out in 1812.Why are German fairy tales so interesting? Maybe its because they come from a great place famous for its stories the Black Fo
5、rest.The Black Forest is in southwest Germany. Its the largest forest in the country and one of the most beautiful. Its famous for its trees and lovely views. There are valleys and waterfalls (瀑布) there. Its a good place to start a story.Dont forget to bring something back if you visit. People there
6、 are good at making clocks, musical instruments and watches.根据短文，选择最佳答案：1. From the story, we know that _ is the hometown of Snow White.A. England B. Japan C. America D. Germany2. How long had the Grimm brothers been collecting stories?A. Four years B. Five years C. Six years D. Seven years3.From th
7、e story, we cannot guess that the Black Forest is very _. A. large B. beautiful C. boring D. famous 4.The story mainly tells us _.A. who wrote the story of Snow White B. some things about Black ForestC. people should visit Germany D. Snow White is a very famous fairy tale.(B)The Spring Festival is t
8、he biggest festival for Chinese people all around the world. The celebration usually lasts for 15 days. There is a lot to do.On the eve of the Spring Festival, family members get together and have big meals. Their favourite dish on this day is dumplings. Days before the Spring Festival, families wil
9、l clean their homes. People think cleaning sweeps away bad luck. It makes the house ready for good luck.The colour red is everywhere during the Spring Festival. People think red is a happy colour and will bring them a bright future. People wear red, too. They decorate (装饰) their homes with pieces of
10、 red paper. Kids get a lot of “hong bao”. It is a red paper bag with money in it. Usually, older people give younger ones hong bao. They think it brings good luck.The Spring Festival is the time to make everybody happy. So dont say any bad words or do anything that will bring unhappiness to other pe
11、ople.For instance, youd better not say any bad words like “death”. Dont break anything. People think that it means your luck is running out.Also, dont borrow or lend money on these days. If you have borrowed money, return it before the Spring Festival. 根据短文，选择最佳答案：1. What do most people do on the ev
12、e of the Spring Festival?A. Family members gather for a big meal.B. Friends eat dumplings together.C. They borrow money from friends.D. They give each other hong bao.2. Why do people clean their houses days before the Spring Festival?A. Because they enjoy being clean.B. Because it is believed that c
13、leaning will sweep away bad luck.C. Because they think it will bring happiness to others.D. Because it is thought that cleaning brings in money.3.Which of the following things is not supposed to happen during the Spring Festival? A. Returning money before the Spring Festival. B. Saying words that ha
14、ve to do with death. C. Wearing red clothes. D. Decorating houses with red paper.4. The underlined phrase “running out” probably means “_”.17. A. 跑出去 B. 打碎 C. 耗尽 D. 离开5. We can tell from the story that the Spring Festival is _.A. a time of harvest and fun B. celebrated for one whole monthC. only cel
15、ebrated in China D. a time for families to get together（C） Look at the light and beautiful snowflakes (雪花) falling. Ever wanted to hold them in your hands? They are always lost when they meet your hands.Well, this isnt just a problem for you. It was a problem for Wilson Bentley, too.In the 1870s, Wi
16、lson Bentley was just a teenager. His family lived in a small town in northeast America. Winters there were long and hard. Bentleys mother was once a school teacher. She taught him at home. Bentley didnt go to school until he was 14. He was a quiet boy, and loved reading his mothers books.But it was
17、 his mothers microscope (显微镜) that interested him. When the other boys were playing with balls, little Bentley was studying things like drops of water, flowers and snowflakes. Bentley loved watching snowflakes. For the next two years young Bentley spent many winter days in a cold room watching these
18、 ice crystals (晶体) under his microscope.The boy thought they were so beautiful that he started to draw pictures of them. But there were so many snowflakes that he couldnt draw them all.How could he keep their beauty forever? Bentley thought of buying a camera.The boy and his mother asked his father
19、to buy one. But, his father didnt agree. He thought the whole thing was a bad idea. He thought the only thing a farmer should do was farming.But finally Bentley did get a camera. For more than a year he tried to take pictures of snowflakes. On January 15, 1885, during a snowstorm, Bentley took the f
20、irst ever photo of an ice crystal with his camera. “It was the greatest moment of my life,” Bentley said later.For 13 years, Bentley worked quietly and took thousands of photos of ice crystals. Later he became known as “Snowflake” Bentley.根据短文，选择最佳答案：1. The best title for this passage is _.A. Snowfl
21、ake Photos B. Snowflake BoyC. Long and Hard Winters D. Teenage Photographer2. We can tell from the story that Bentleys father was _. A. a farmer B. a funny man C. an athletic man D. a school teacher3. Which of the following statements about Bentley is true?A. He didnt get any kind of education as a
22、child.B. He was born into a rich family.C. He was the first person to take photos of snowflakes.D. He was fascinated by the beauty of snowflakes.4. What kind of person do you think Bentley was?A. He was outgoing. B. He was too serious.C. He was interested in learning. D. He was very warm-hearted.5.The “ice crystals” in the third paragraph refers to “_”. A. water drops B. rain drops C. flowers D. snowflakes