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1、-初中英语被动语态笔记-第 3 页语法专题 被动语态笔记一、构成1. 归纳各种时态的被动语态的基本形式eg：1.The film is often talked about.2.The baby was looked after by Lily.3.They will be sent to the hospital right now.4.The cake is being made by my mother now.5.The food has been eaten up already.6.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish mustnt be
2、 thrown into the river.7.This English song was being sung by the girls when I passed by after class.8.The e-mail would be sent to the boss.9.The classroom had been cleaned when I got there.10. This problem can be solved in an hour by him.归纳：1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时 4.现在进行时5.过去进行时6.过去将来时 7.现在完成时 8.过去完
3、成时 9.含有情态动词 2. 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾. （双宾语） 注意：以下接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。常见的双宾语动词如 give, offer, pass, show, lend, send 用介词to; buy, make , mend, cook, sing, get用for.give sb sth _show sb sth_buy sb sth_cook sb sth_3. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语.在主动句中,使役动词、感官动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等词后跟省略t
4、o的不定式，变被动语态时，必须还原to.make sb do sth _see sb do sth _hear sb do sth _notice sb do sth _但是，see/hear/notice sb doing sth 变为被动结构时不需要加to。see sb doing sth _hear sb doing sth _notice sb doing sth _二、主动表被动情况1、lock, open, read, sell, wash, write等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不是强调被执行的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义，且常与not, hardly, well, eas
5、ily, badly, nicely等副词连用。（1）The book is sold out, because it sells well.（2）The pen is written by me and it writes well.2、need, want, require等动词以及形容词worth（值得）后面，跟-ing的主动形式表达被动意义。need doing sth = need to be donewant doing sth = want to be done 需要被做某事require doing sth = require to be donebe worth doing
6、sth 值得被做某事三、没有被动语态的几种情况1. 所有不及物动词（vi.)和短语不能用于被动语态中。appear, die ,disappear , end , fail, happen, sit, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. come out , run out, 2. 系动词没有被动语态 be动词 感官动词+ adjlook, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go