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1、精品_精品资料_初二英语语法总结1) leave的用法1. “ leave+的点 ”表示 “离开某的 ”.例如： When did you leave Shanghai.你什么时候离开上海的？2. “ leave for+的点 ”表示 “动身去某的 ”.例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了.3. “ leave+的点 +for+ 的点 ”表示 “离开某的去某的 ”.例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing.你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词 should “应当 ”
2、学会使用should 作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、诧异、不能懂得等,有“竟会 ”的意思,例如：How should I know.我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today.你今日为什么来得这么晚？should 有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如：We should help each other.我们应当相互帮忙.我们在使用时要留意以下几点：1. 用于表示 “应当 ”或“不应当 ”的概念.此常常指长辈教诲或批评晚辈.例如：You should be here with clean hands.你应当把手洗洁净了再来.2. 用于提出看法劝导别人.例如：You sh
3、ould go to the doctor if you feel ill.假如你感觉不舒适,你最好去看医生.3. 用于表示可能性. should 的这一用法是考试中常常显现的考点之一.例如：We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了.She should be here any moment.她随时都可能来.3) What.与 Which.1. what与 which都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what 仅用来询问职业.如：What is your father.你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于：What does your father do
4、. What is your fathers job.Which指代的是特定范畴内的某一个人.如：-Which is Peter.哪个是皮特？-The boy behind Mary.玛丽背后的那个男孩.2. What. 是泛指,所指的事物没有范畴的限制.而Which. 是特指,所指的事物有范畴的限制.如：What color do you like best.（全部颜色） 你最宠爱什么颜色？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow.（有特定的范畴） 你最宠爱哪一种颜色？3. what
5、与 which后都可以接单、复数名词和不行数名词.如：Which pictures are from China.哪些图片来自中国？4) 频度副词的位置1. 常见的频度副词有以下这些：always （总是,始终）usually （通常）often （常常,常常）sometimes （有时候）never （从不）2. 频度副词的位置：a. 放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面.如：David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学常常迟到.b. 放在行为动词前.如：We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天常常在
6、 7 ： 10 去上学.c. 有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调.如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车.3. never 放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装.如：Never have I been there.5) every day与 everyday1. every day作状语,译为 “每一天 ”.如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天 7： 10 去上学.I decide to read English every day.我打算每天读英语.2.
7、everyday作定语,译为 “日常的 ”.She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语.Whats your everyday activity.你的日常活动是什么？6) 什么是助动词1. 帮助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）.被帮助的动词称作主要动词（ Main Verb ）.助动词自身没有词义,不行单独使用,例如：He doesnt like English.他不宠爱英语.（doesnt是助动词,无词义. like 是主要动词,有词义）2. 助动词帮助主要动词完成以下功用,可
8、以用来：a. 表示时态,例如：He is singing.他在唱歌.He has got married.他已结婚.b. 表示语态,例如：He was sent to England.他被派往英国.c. 构成疑问句,例如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Do you like college life.你宠爱高校生活吗？Did you study English before you came here.你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d. 与否定副词 not 合用,构成否定句,例如：I dont like him.我不宠爱他.e. 加强语气,例如：Do come to the par
9、ty tomorrow evening.明天晚上肯定来参与晚会.He did know that.他的确知道那件事.3. 最常用的助动词有： be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forget doing/to do与 remember doing/to do 1.forget to do遗忘要去做某事. 未做 forget doing遗忘做过某事.已做 The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯仍在亮着,它遗忘关了.没有做关灯的动作He forgot t
10、urning the light off.他遗忘他已经关了灯了. 已做过关灯的动作 Dont forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来.to come动作未做 典型例题- The light in the office is still on.- Oh , I forgot.A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off答案：C.由 the light is still on可知灯亮着, 即关灯的动作没有发生, 因此用 forget to do sth. 而 forget d
11、oing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己遗忘了这一事实.此处不符合题意. 2.remember to do记得去做某事 未做remember doing记得做过某事已做Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局.Dont you remember seeing the man before.你不记得以前见过那个人吗.8) Its for sb.和 Its of sb.1. for sb.常用于表示事物的特点特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossibl
12、e等：Its very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的.2. of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right.Its very nice of you to help me.你来帮忙我,你真是太好了.3. for与 of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子.假如道理上通顺用of , 不通就用 for .如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_You are nice. 通
13、顺,所以应用 of .He is hard. 人是困难的,不通,因此应用for .9) 对两个句子的提问新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在实行的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问.例如：句子： The boy in blue has three pens.提问： 1.Who has three pens. 2.Which boy has three pens.3. What does the boy in blue have.4. How many pens does the boy in blue have.很明显,同学多了更多的回答角度,也表达了考试的敏捷性.再如： 句
14、子： He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提问： 1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday. 2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday. 4.With whom does he usually go to the p
15、ark at 8:00 on Sunday.5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday. 6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends.10) so 、 such 与不定冠词的使用1. so 与不定冠词 a、 an 连用,结构为 “ so+形容词 +a/an+ 名词 ”.如：He is so funny a boy. Jim has so big a house.2. such 与不定冠词 a、an 连用,结构为 “ such+a/an
16、+形容词 +名词 ”.如：It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.11) 使用 -ing 分词的几种情形1. 在进行时态中.如：He is watching TV in the room.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2. 在 there be结构中.如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3. 在 have fun/problems结构中.如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4. 在介词后面.如： Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载