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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Aa误 I think it is an useful English dictionary.正 I think it is a useful English dictionary.析 在不定冠词 a 与 an 的用法中要留意的一点是：an 用在以元音开头的词之前.而a 就用在以辅音开头的词之前. 要特殊留意的是以u 字母打头的单词,如useful,university等,其第一个音标是j ,所以要特殊予以留意.误 I need a hour to fini
2、sh this letter.正 I need an hour to finish this letter.析 要留意 hour 和 honest 的第一个字母不发音.误 My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.正 My teacheris anunknown man, but heis a verygood man.析 要留意以 u 打头的单词,它的发音为时,单 数名词前要用 an,如 uncle 等.误 There is a f in the word football.正 There is an f in the wo
3、rd football.析 英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时, 其前面的不定冠词应当用an 而不是 a.误 I havea little brother. He is a 8year old boy.正 I have a little brother. He is an 8yearold boy.析 要留意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eight,eleven 等 .able误 This bike is able to be repaired.正 This bike can be repaired.析 be able to主要表达某事或某人具有某种才能去 作某事,应译为 有本事 、
4、有才能 、 可以 作某事,如： Im able to swim across this river.而 can 可以用来表示具有接受才能或吸取才能.如：This radiocan be repairedhere.about误 This class is about to begin just now.正 This class is about to begin.析 要留意 be about to 是 将要 的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用.另外, be about to 一般用作书面语,对应的口语是 be going to.about onabout 与 on 都可以作
5、关于 讲,但却有所不同, 例如：This book is aboutphysics.应译为 这是一本关于物理学的科普 读物. 而： This book is on physics.就应译为 这是一本物理学方面的专著. above误 The temperature is five degrees over zero.正 The temperature is five degrees above zero.析 表达 在上方 时,above 与 over 是可以互换的,如： The sky is aboveor overour heads.但是要表达在垂 直方向上的上方时就应用above 不行用 o
6、ver ,如： The sun has risen above the horizon.误 There is often thick cloud above the South ofChina in summer.正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.析 当表达掩盖之意时,只可用over 而不能用 above.误 There is a bridge above the river.正 There is a bridge over the river.析 用来表达 从上方越过 时不能用 above 只能用 o
7、ver ,如： The plane flew over the city.但要留意 There is waterfallabove the bridge.就应译为 在桥的上游有一个瀑布. across误 He ran across the wood.正 He ran through the wood.析 across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through 就是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程.如：The mancame in through the window. He walked across the square.acrossacross 的主要用法有两个.其一, 意为 对面 ,
8、如： There is a school just across the street.其二,意为 横过 ,如： He walked across the street.afraid误 I dontt afraid of him.正 I am not afraid of him.析 要留意 可怕 afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是 形容词,要与be 动词连用.after误 Two weeks after he left.正 Two weeks later he left.正 He left after two weeks.析 要表达 在多少时间之后 ,英语中有两种表达法, 即：用 late
9、r时,要时间在前,如three hours later;而用after时要时间在后,如after three hours.误 My father will be back after a few hours.正 My father will be back in a few hours.析 受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用.当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,肯定要用in ,而不能用 after ,由于 after是指在某一时间之后. 例如： This work will be done in two days.即说明在两天内这一工作肯定会做完. 而如用了 after ,即表示在两天之后
10、,完成的时间是不确定的.after behindafter多用于表示次序的前后,如 ：Shewalked in the line afterTom. 或用来表示 追逐 ,表示一种动态, 如：He ran afterMary. 而 behind 多用于强调先进与落后,如：She is muchbehind the other girls in sewing.或者用于表达 迟于 ,如 ： The train was ten minutes behind the time table.或者与表示静态的动词连用,如：She hid herself behind the flowers.afternoo
11、n误 He worked very hard in a hot afternoon.正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.析 习惯用的词组 in the afternoon,假如加入任何修 饰词后其前面的介词in 都要改为 on,不论其修饰词在前仍是在后,如： He swamin thisriveron the afternoonof June lst.又如： Are you free on Sunday afternoon.against误 He against me.正 He is against me.析 要留意 against意为 反对 ,但
12、它在英文 中却不是动词,而是介词, 如要讲反对某事或某人时就要加动词be, 如： He is against somebody/something.against for against 意为 反对 、 不赞成 .而 for 就意为 同意 ,为其反意词.如： Are you for oragainstthe plan. age误 He is twenty years old of age.正 He is twenty.正 He is twenty years old.正 He is at the age of twenty. ago误 Toms father has been dead fiv
13、e years ago.正 Toms father died five years ago.析 ago 意为由说话时算起,如干时间以前.它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成时连用.误 Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see eachother for a long time since we leftthe collegetwenty years ago.正 Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen eachother for a long time since we leftthe collegetwenty y
14、ears ago.析 要留意的是在本句是ago 是用在由 since 引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态.agree误 Does the teacher agree to us.正 Does the teacher agree with us. 误 Does he agree with our plan.正 Does he agree with us.析 agree with指 同意某人的提议、建议、方案 等.假如要讲同意某项方案就要用agree to,如： Do you agree to the plan.all 误 The old manhas two sons. Al
15、l of them are workers. 正 The old manhas two sons. Both of them are workers.析 all是指三者或以上的全部,而both 就是指 两者都 .误 The all children are playing football now.正 All the children are playing football now.析 all作修饰词时其位置要在全部的修饰词之前,不 论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的 全部格.误 You all are right.正 Yo u are all right.析 all作同
16、位语时其位置要置于be 动词之后, 实意动词之前,如： The teachers all work hard.或用于第一助动词之后,如：The boys have allbeen waitingfor theirmothers.almost误 Nearly nobody thinks he is right.正 Almost nobody thinks he is right.析 nearly与 almost 是近意词,其含意差别不大,但 是与否定词连用时要用almost,例如： She brought almost no money with her.此句中的 almost 不能用 near
17、ly 替换.alone误 The old manlivedlone but he didntfeel lonely.正 The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely.析 alone, lone, lonely三个词全具有 孤独、孤独 之意.但其用法不同： lone 可 以作定语,而 alone 就只能作表语, lonely就多指感情上与感觉上的孤独.already误 We are already for the work.正 We are all ready for the work.析 already是副词,其意为 已经 ,如： He a
18、lready knew about it.而 all ready为形容词意为 预备好 .already yetalready 多用于确定句中,例如：The students have already finished the work.而 yet 就多用于疑问句与否定句中,如： Have you finished it yet. I havent finished ityet.also误 I didnt find the dictionary also.正 I didnt find the dictionary either.析 作为 也 讲,在否定句中要用either而不能用 also.al
19、so tooalso 与 too 都可用在确定句中表示 也 ,但 also 通常用于be 动词或情态动词之后,如：I can also do it myself.而too 一般放于句尾. Ill attend his class, too. always误 Always he asked himself why he had come here.正 He always asked himself why he had come here.析 always 一般不能用于句首, 它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后,如：Ive always thought he ishonest.又如：
20、He is always late. among误 If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive.正 Ifthe three apples are dividedamongthe threeboys how much will each receive.析 among 常用于三个事物或人物之间,而between 就多用于两者之间.an误 This is an useful dictionary.正 This is a useful dictionary.析 详见 a 条.and误 He
21、 did not speak loudly and clearly.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_- 1 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_正 He did not speak loudly nor clearly. 误 Our school is not in New Y
22、ork and Chicago,but in Boston.正 Our school is not in New York or Chicago, butin Boston.析 和 这一概念在确定句中应用and,但在否定句中 就要用 orangry误 My mother was angry to me.正 My mother was angry with me.误 He was angry with what I said.正 He was angry at what I said.析 要留意 be angry 后面假如接人,表示 对某人愤怒不满 时应用 be angry with someb
23、ody. 但要接事物时要用 be angry at something.another误 Iha ve two sisters,one in America and another in English.正 I have two sisters,one in America and the otherin English.析 要留意英语中 another, other, the other, theothers,others 的不同用法,现分别说明如下：another 作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个,别的,类似的.一般在句 中 作 定 语 , 如 : This is not good e
24、nough, please show me another one. another仍可以作为代词用,如：One student said ：I want to play baskball.another said：I want toplay football.other 作形容词其意为 泛指其余的, 别的 .如： I have other books besides these.又如： Ask some other people please. the other就为特指,作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词,如：She has two flowers.Oneis white,the othe
25、r one is yellow. 特指,单数 又如： There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the otherstudents are girls. 特指,复数 但当 the other作为代词时,它代表的可以是单数,也可以是复数,如：He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. 单数 又如： There are some people in the room. Four are girls,the other 复 数 are boys. 要留意的是当 t
26、he other作主语时,其后面的谓语动词 要视详细情形而定,它可能是单数,也可能是复数.others 就只能作代词,其意为other ones 即为：泛指某些,某一部分人 或物,如： Each of us must think of others.而 the others只能作为代词,它是特指某一些人或物,如：I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.answer误 Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell. 正 Som
27、eone is knocking at the door, Please answerthe door bell.析 answer 与 reply 是近意词, 作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的,如：The student answered/replied thathe wanted to watch TV.但在某些特定场合就不易互换.作为应答之意时就多用answer,如：You should answer to your name.Pl ease answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.any误
28、 Do you have some questions.正 Do you have any questions.析 some 一般要用于确定句, 而 any 就用于否定句或疑问句.误 China is largerthan any other countriesin Asia.正 China is largerthan any other countryin Asia.析 要留意 any other 其后要跟单数名词, 但 any of the other 其后要接复数名词. China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.误 H
29、ere are some books; you can choose anyone ofthese. 正 Here are some books; you can choose any one of these.析 anyone 只能指人,而any one 即可指人也可以指物.around误 The nine planets go around of the sun.正 The nine planets go around the sun.析 around 后面不要再加介词, 如：The sun shines all around us.around round作介词用的 around 与 r
30、ound 通常可以互换, 只不过美语常用 around ,而英语常用 round ,例如： You can see the post office round/around that corner. 绕过那个弯你就可以看 到邮局. 但是肯定要区分它们的不同之处：round 可以用作形容词、副词、 介词、动词、 名词. 而 around 只能用作副词或介词.例如： The post officeis justround aroundthe house 用作介词 . He has round face 用作形容词 . The riverrounded the stones. 用作动词 arrive
31、误 I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.正 Iarrivedin Beijingthe day before yesterday.正 I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.误 He arrived in the school at 1100.正 He arrived at the school at 1100.析 arrive为不及物动词, 当到达的是较大的的理区域 时用介词 in ,而到达较小的的方时就用at,如：arrivein New York, arrive at the village.
32、arrive reach getarrive如上所述是不及物动词,而reach 就是及物动词. 如 ： How did you reach the school this morning.而 get 可用作不及物动词,作 到达 讲时其后面多与to 连用.如： Whendid you get to New York. as误 This man works in the bank for a manager.正 This man works in the bank as a manager.析 as 与 for 有时是可以通用的. 如：This room is used as for a clas
33、sroom.但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as.误 My brother is so taller as Tom.正 My brother is as tall as Tom.析 asas 之间只能用形容词与副词的原级,而不能 用比较级.在否定句中可以用soas,也可以用asas,但在 确定句中只能用asas,如： He is not so tall as Tom.误 Illgive him the note as soon as he willcome.正 Ill give him the note as soon as he comes.析 as soon as 所引导的状语从句中应使用一般
34、时态表示将来.ask误 The student asked a question to the teacher.正 The student asked the teacher a question.析 ask 应接双宾语,即ask somebody something.误 They asked some books.正 They asked for some books.析 向某人要求某物时应用 ask somebodyfor something 或 ask for something from somebody, 如 ：He asked his mother for some money.
35、或 He asked for somemoney from his mother.asleep误 He is deeply asleep.正 He is fast asleep.析 要讲 熟睡 ,就要用 fast来修饰 asleep .另外, 在英语中一般不讲somebodyis sleeping而要用 asleep .关于睡觉这一词的惯用法仍有：go to sleep 如 ： The old manusually goes to sleep at ten. , fallasleep 如： I fellasleep at English class yes terday.at误 It will
36、 really do you no harm quite.正 It will really do you no harm at all.析 at all 和 quite 的汉语意思均为 全然 、 确定的 , 但 at all适用于否定句,例如：-Im sorry. Im late.-No trouble at all.又如： I dont think it is right at all.而 quite 就适用于确定句,例如：He is quite a good teacher.误 The children play football for lunch.正 The children play
37、 football at lunch.析 英语中的 at lunch为 在吃午饭时 .这种惯用法 仍有 at work 在工作 , at table 在吃饭 ,at desk 在学习 .而 for lunch 就是为午饭而预备的食物,又如：Wehad some milkfor breakfast.误 There is a post officein the corner of the street.正 There is a post office at the corner of the street.析 at the corner 是指墙外面的角,而in the corner是指建筑物内部的
38、角落.例如：There is a computer in the corner of the room. There is a street lamp at the cornerof the street.at in on在表示时间时用来表示详细钟点用at ,如：He willbe back at six.表示一天的上、下午时要用 in, 如： I usuallyget up at six in the morning.但要留意的是, in the morning和 in the afternoon这两个词组中假如加入了任何修饰词,其介词要换为 on, 如：on the cold mornin
39、g, on the hot afternoon.又如： See you on Monday morning.如讲到详细的某一天,要 用 on, 如： on Sunday, 如：I usuallywant to visitmy mother on Sundays.在谈到周、月、季、年时要用in ,如： All the childrenwillbe happy in Easter week. He was born in July.但要留意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、 感恩节时都用 at,如：WhereBare you going at Easter.back误 Im sorry. I have to
40、back home.正 Im sorry. I have to go back home.正 Im sorry. I have to go home.析 back 用作 回到 某处 之意,不是动词.be误 Where do you from.正 Where are you from.析 你从何处来 应为 Where are you from. 或 Where do you come from. 但要留意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的.要是口语中问 你是从什么的方来 .应讲 Where did you comefrom. 回答用 I came from the library. beat误 W
41、e have won your class.正 We have beaten your class.正 We have won the game.析 win 是赛过之意,它是及物动词,但其后的宾语只能接竞赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称,如： Which team won the football match. 而 beat指打败对手、敌人 如：My brother beat me at poker. 要留意的是, beat 的过去式与原形相同,而过去分词为 beaten.误 The ball beat me badly.正 The ball hit me badly.误 He used to hi
42、t the little boy black and blue.正 He used to beat the little boy black and blue.析 beat 指打击多次,而hit 就为击中对方的一次性打击.beautiful误 He is a beautiful boy.正 He is a handsome boy.析 我们可以讲 She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautifulpark. 但要讲男人的 英俊 时要用 handsome. because 误 The reason why I was late is because I wa
43、s ill.正 The reason why I was late is that I was ill. 误 Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded. 正 Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.析 这种错误是由于中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同, 中文常讲我来晚了的缘由是由于我病了,而英文中的其次个因为要用 that 代替.又因中文常讲由于所以,而英文中 用了由于就不能再用所以了,同样用了 所以 也就不要再用 由于一词.例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者： We study hard so we passed the ex