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1、小升初语法总复习,一、词类： 这里强调一点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用 is 1）名词复数如何加后缀（各种不同情况变化） A.一般情况直接加-s: book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds B.以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-es:bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches peachpeaches glassglasses C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-es: family-families studystudies D.以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-es : knife-knives left-le
2、aves E.不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese,一、词类：,写出下列各词的复数 I _ him _ this _ her _watch _ child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich_
3、 man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_,2.人称代词,第三人称,第二人称,第一人称,I ， we,主格,you,he, she , it ,they,me ， us,you,him ， her It them,宾格,3.形容词性物主代词,I you she he it they we,主格：,My your her his its their our,形容词性物主代词:,This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4.
4、 Whats（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）.,6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I / My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）,exercises,4.指示代词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that （那个） 复数these（这些）those（那些）,5.冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前
5、。,形容词和副词的比较级 一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较 级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。 2.形容词加er的规则： 一般在词尾加er ； 以字母e 结尾，加r ； 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； “辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。 4.不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is
6、 two years _(old) than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is _(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big), yours or hers? Hers is.,6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys. 7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._
7、 Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy), the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early), Tim or Tom?,二、否定句 be动词（am、is、are）+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词（do、does） + not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1.看句中有无
8、be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。 2.看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。 3.如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。,三、一般疑问句,（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。 （2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does， （3）在助动词后加not。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。,常用疑问词 ： What time 什么时间 问具体时间，如几点 Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人 W
9、here在哪里问地点 What 什么问东西、事物 What colour什么颜色问颜色 How old多大年纪问年纪 How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量 How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）,五 时态（一）：一般现在时,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning 动词构成 ： 1.动词原型(主语是其他人称） 2.动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数） 否定构成 ： 1.dont+动原 2. doesnt+动原,一般疑问构成及简答： Do+主语
10、+动原+其它？ Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？ No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问句举例 ： 1. What do you often do on Sundays?2. Where does he live?,1.She _ (go) to school at eight oclock. 2.Its six oclock.They are _ supper. (eat) 3.He usually _ up at 17:00.(get ) 4.She _ (live) in Beijing. 5.Sally _ (be) here just now. 6._ (be) ther
11、e a fly (苍蝇) on the table just now? 7.They are _ (dig) a hole (洞). 8.My father _ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days,用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语 ：now, these days 动词构成 :1.am/is/are+现在分词(-ing) 2.am/is/are working 否定构成 :am/is/are+not+现在分词 如: Tom is playing football on the playground.,一般疑问构成及简
12、答： Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+ 其它？ Yes, I am (he is.) /No, they arent 特殊疑问举例： What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there?,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Look! The children _(swim) in the river. 2. Now we _(want) to play basketball. 3. -_you _(draw) a picture? -No, Im not. I _(write) a letter. 4.What are you _(d
13、o) now? I _(eat) bread. 5.Its nine oclock. My father_ (work) in the office.,6.Look, the boy_ (put) the rubbish into the bin. 7._ he _(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_ (play). 8.Where is Mark? He_ (run) on the grass. 9.Listen, who _(sing) in the music room? 10. Look! LiPing and Li Ying _(play)
14、basketball now.,一般过去时,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语:yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation，when 等引导的含过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed） 否定构成：didnt+动原 一般疑问构成及简答举例： Did+主语+动原+其它？ Yes,主语+did./No, 主语+didnt.,一般疑问构成及简答举例： Did+主语+动原+其它？ We went to the cinema yesterday. Did you go to the
15、cinema yesterday ? 特殊疑问句举例： What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注：He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),练习,一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last
16、year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.,二、 句型转换,It was exciting.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_,一般将来时,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作 常用时间状语：this evening, tomorr
17、ow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term 动词构成: 1.will/shall+动原 2.am/is/are going to+动词原型 3.am/is/are+coming等现在分词 否定构成：will/shall not do/ a m/is/are not going to do,特殊疑问句举例: What will you do tomorrow?When are we going to have a class meeting? 备注：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
18、 I will write to you as soon as I arrived in Beijing.,练习,填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.,Homework: 1、复习单词表年级册Unit。 2、完成英语小屋第页。,同学们 再见,