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1、-高中英语必修三第五单元词汇解析-第 5 页必修三第五单元词语解析1、ratherratherthan do 是而不是 相当于morethan or rather更确切地说 would rather dothan do 宁愿做而不愿做 would rather+从句(从句谓语用虚拟语气)宁愿某人 prefer to dorather than 宁愿做而不愿意做 would rather have done宁愿已经做了2、eastward:adv. 向东 adj. 向东的,朝东的-ward(s)=in the direction 后缀-ward(s)常与方向词如west,up,down,back
2、,out等连用。一江春水向东流。A spring river flows eastward. 我们难以决定是向东走还是向西走。 We couldnt decide whether to go eastward or westward.3、surround 包围,环绕,围绕部队已经将该镇包围了。Troops have surrounded the town.被环绕/包围:be surrounded by/with这个小镇三面环山。The town _ _ on three sides _ high mountains.surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n. (pl.
3、)环境1)生活在安逸中 be surrounded by comforts2)位于优美的坏境中 Be situated/located in pleasant surroundings3)在周围地区 In a surrounding area辨析:surroundings作为“环境”讲,多指周围的物质环境,自然环境。environment用法更加广泛,有时也指家庭环境,环境对人的感受,道德观念的影响。4、measure1)v.测量,衡量,判定measure temperatureWe measured the distance.The room measures 6 meters by 4.这
4、个房间长6米,宽4米。2)n.措施【C】 take measures to do采取措施做某事n.尺寸【U】根据某人的尺寸做 maketo ones measure量体裁衣5、aboard: prep./adv.在船(飞机)上1)prep. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins2)adv. All the passengers aboard fell into the river.船上所有的乘客掉入河中。上船:go aboardboard: n.木板,膳食 v.上(船,飞机等)on board:在船(飞机)上go aboard=go on b
5、oard =board6、settle down :1) 定居;平静的坐下他想结婚后定居下来。He wants to get married and settle down.2)平静下来settle sb down 主席设法使听众安静下来。The chairman tried to settle the audience down.3).settle down to 专心致志于 ,安心于他已安心于从事农业。He has settled down to farming.让我们专心工作吧。Lets settle down to our work.4).Im sure hell settle dow
6、n in his new school soon.适应,习惯settle in:安顿好,适应(新工作,新生活)settle on: 决定,选定 settle up: 清帐,了结 7、manage区别manage to do和try to do:manage to do表示“设法成功完成(了)较困难的事情“,强调结果,相当于be able to do sth或succeed in doing sth;try to do表示”尽力,设法去做某事“,强调目的,结果如何,不得而知。manage与can或could连用,表示“能办好某件难事“,口语中还可以作“吃,渡过”;manage还可表示“经营,管理
7、”的意思。8、catch sight of:看见,瞥见看不见你的笑我怎么睡得着? 周杰伦彩虹How can I fall asleep,if I cant your smile?In sight/out of sight在视线内,可以看见/看不见的,视线外的At first sight:乍一看,初看之下At the sight of:一看见9、have a gift for表示“对有天赋”。形容词gifted表示“有天赋的”。be gifted at/in表示“对有天赋”。gift也可表示“礼物”。10、Within prep.在之内1)时间:within 2 hours 2)距离:withi
8、n 5 miles3)范围/程度:within ones power 力所能及,在某人的权限内 I wasnt within my power to help her.帮助她并非我力所能及的事。Within doors 在室内Within sight 在视线范围内within 与 inwithin指期限之内;in指期限之外She will be back within a week.她将在一周之内回来。She will be back in a week.她将在一周后回来。11、border作及物动词,表示“与接壤,给镶边”。作不及物动词,后接介词on或upon,表示“邻近,接界,近似,近乎”
9、。作名词,表示“边界,国界”。指具体的边界线或边界线内的一带地方。还表示“在的边缘,正要,将要”。12、mixvt.& vi.混合;(使)结交;相容;平安相处n.混录;食物混合配料;乐曲组合vt.调配,配制vi.混合录音,混录,混音mix down:混音:合成一个录音的所有音频成分以形成最后的声道或混音mix up:1.使弄不清:使混乱;混淆His explanation just mixed me up more. I always mix up the twins.他的解释令我更加糊涂了。我总是把这对双胞胎弄混2.牵涉或牵连He got himself mixed up with the
10、wrong people.他与那些坏人为伍be (或get) mixed up in卷入;参与, 与有牵连Steve was mixed up in an insurance swindle.史蒂夫参与了保险诈骗。be (或get) mixed up with与厮混;与同流合污mix and match1.使相配;匹配mix and match this seasons colours for a combination that says winter.把这个季节的色彩搭配起来表达冬天。13、confirm作“证实,肯定,进一步确定”解时,后接名词或名词从句作宾语。另外,还可表示“批准”14
11、、Distance In the distance:在远处(远距离)at a distance:稍远处,隔开一定距离,如果明确说多长距离,后可加of短语distant :adj.遥远的;远处的医院一点儿也不远The hospital is not distant at all.keep sb at a distance:对冷淡,与保持距离15、terrify :vt.使恐怖,恐吓terrify sb =frighten sb 使某人害怕terrified adj. 惊恐的;恐怖的terrifying adj. 可怕的;令人恐怖的terrible:严重的;很糟的;可怕的be terrified
12、of 害怕terrify sb. into doing sth. 吓得某人做某事16、impress v给留下印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的;感人的impression n印象,感想给某人留下印象, 使铭记1) impress sb. with sth.2) impress sth. on/upon sb. 欣赏,受感动Be impressed by/with/at常用的表达方式:an impressive story 感人的故事给某人印象最深的是What impresses (ed) sb. most is/was.给某人留下好(坏)的印象:make/leave a good (bad) impression on sb.