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1、-风景园林专业英语词汇总结-第 22 页规划 planning 草图 sketch；rough map平面 plan 剖面 section 立面 elevation透视 perspective 示意图 diagram 容积率 coverage城市设计urban design; civic design 区域规划 regional planning步行轴 ped axis 总体规划 general planning; master planning分区规划 district planning 近期建设规划 immediate plan城市详细规划 detailed planning 控制性详细规
2、划 control detailed planning修建性详细规划 site plan 居住区规划 residential district planning城市化 urbanization 城市生态 urban ecology可持续发展 sustainable development历史文化名城保护规划 Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities旧城改建 urban redevelopment 开发区 development area城市化水平 urbanization level 城市群 agglomeration城镇体系 urban system 卫
3、星城 satellite town城市基础设施 urban infrastructure居民点 settlement市municipality; city生态基础设施 ecological infrastructure牧场 pasture 市域 administrative region of a city商业区 commercial district 行政中心 administration center商业街 commercial street 科技园 technological region校园规划 campus planning 城市中心区 urban center district居住
4、单元 flat 历史地段 history district 民政区域 civil district水警区 waters guard district 居住区规划 residential district planning护林区 ranger district 工业区 industrial district林木种子公园 tree seed orchard快速公路 thruway城市美学 urban esthetics游憩空间 esplanade系统工程 systems engineering城市更新理论 urban renewal theory绿地/绿化带 greenbelt 绿化覆盖率 per
5、centage of greenery coverage绿地率ratio of green space工厂绿化 landscaping within factory广场绿化 landscaping of square居住区绿化landscaping of residential area谷底植栽场 improved vegetation & wild life公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building室内绿化 indoor garden城市绿化urban virescence 城市绿化系统 urban green space system公共绿地 publ
6、ic green space 专用绿地specified green space防护绿地 green buffer建筑空间 architecture剧院show place; theater茶楼（馆caff；tea shop专卖店 monopolistic shop博物馆 museum电影院 cinema；movie house商场emporium; shopping mall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callan house; childrens palace图书馆library棋牌室relaxation room健身房gymnasium书店book store客厅parlor阳台ba
7、lcony浴室bathroom橱柜cabinet合院式建筑courtyard building餐厅dining-room; dining hall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kid room儿童游乐室/玩具室 dollhouse起居室living room门廊porch更衣室change room休息室pavilion私家花园private garden居民resident共享地带shared zone工人房servants hall比例scale元素element会议中心conference center园林景观 view of the garden乔木arbor
8、灌木shrub铺石band stone地下车库car park bellow曲线形铺地curved paving bands庭园cartilage; Garth标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard瀑布fall 步道footpath园桥 garden bridge园林 garden and park草本植物herbage藤本植物 liane蔓本植物 liana砌石natural cut stone铺地pave亭，阁pavilion榭pavilion on terrace植被planting花坛planting beds大广场pla
9、za台platform栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台 timber deck草坪turf；grass园廊veranda空地 void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地区 waterfront茶亭tea house木亭 log cabin遮阳亭 shade
10、 structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula 常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天剧场MINI
11、AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 7.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA 10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE 11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE 13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCKSCAPE WATERFALLS GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE 14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE 15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOW
12、ER ) 16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD 19.儿童乐园CHILDRENS PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道SLIDE 21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN 25.观景台VIEWING DECK26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL 27.极可意JACUZZI 28.嬉水池WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池CHILDRENS
13、 POOL 30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE 32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA 33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA 34.桥BRIDGE 35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停车场PARING AREA38.特色花架TRELLIS 39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN 41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE 42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.篮球场BASK
14、ETBALL COURT 44.网球场TENNIS COURT45.阶梯*/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER 46.广场MAIN PLAZA 47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL 48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN 49.旱溪DRY STREAM 50.凉亭PAVILION 51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER 52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE 53.台阶STAIR 54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPA
15、TH 57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道PROMENADE 59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA ) 60.特色入口 ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场 ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算：estimate/cost estimate;估算类型：types of estimate;详细估算：是偏差幅度最小的估算，defined estimate;设备估算：equipment estimate;分析估算：analysis estimate;报
16、价估算：roposal estimate;控制估算：control estimate;初期控制估算：interim control estimate/initial control estimate批准的控制估算：initial approved cost核定估算：check estimate首次核定估算：first check estimate二次核定估算：production check estimate人工时估算：man hour estimate材料费用/直接材料费用：material cost/direct material cost设备费用/设备购买费用：equipment cos
17、t/purchased cost of equipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用：bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material施工费用：construction cost施工人工费用：labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工费用：labor cost associated with equipment散装材料施工安装人工费用：labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估算定额：standard manhours施工人工时估算定额：standard
18、 labor manhours标准工时定额：standard hours劳动生产率：labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio 修正的人工时估算值：adjusted manhours人工时单价：manhours rate施工监督费用：cost of construction supervision施工间接费用：cost of contruction indirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用：subcontract cost/field subcontract cost公司本部费用：home office cos
19、t公司管理费用：overhead非工资费用：non payroll开车服务费用：cost of start-up services其他费用：other cost利润/预期利润：profit/expected profit服务酬金：service gains风险：risk风险分析：risk analysis风险备忘录：risk memorandum未可预见费：contingency基本未可预见费：average contingency最大风险未可预见费：maximum risk contingency用户变更/合同变更：cilent change/contract change认可的用户变更：a
20、pproved client change待定的用户变更：pending client change项目变更：project change内部变更：internalchange批准的变更：authoried change强制性变更：mandatory change选择性变更：optional change内部费用转换：internal transfer认可的预计费用：anticipated approved cost涨价值：escalation项目费用汇总报告：project cost summary report项目实施费用状态报告：project operation cost status
21、 report总价合同：lump sum contract 偿付合同：reimbursible contract预算：budget02.1 总论 园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 造园学garden making, landscape gardening 环境园艺学environmental horticulture 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture 园林艺术garden art 园林美学garden aesthetics 园林建筑学garden architecture 园林建筑garden building
22、 园林工程garden engineering园林植物landscape plant 观赏植物ornamental plant盆景miniature landscape, penjing园林garden and park 园林学史history of garden architecture园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 园林设计garden design 园林机具设备gardening machine 园林管理garden management 园林生态landscape ecology 绿化greening, planting 环境绿化en
23、vironmental greening绿地面积green area 绿地率ratio of green space城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing街道绿化street greening, street planting车行道绿化driveway greening分车带绿化dividing stripe greening人行道绿化sidewalk greening群众绿化mass planting movement郊区绿化suburban greening公路绿化highway greenin
24、g铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting堤岸种植bank planting阳台绿化balcony greening窗台绿化window-sill greening 屋顶绿化roof greening 垂直绿化vertical greening攀缘绿化climber greening桥头绿化bridgehead greening花园garden蔷薇园rose garden专类花园specified flower garden 花园村garden village园林城市landscape garden city松柏园conifer garden 球根园bulb
25、 garden宿根园perennial garden假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery狩猎场hunting ground街心花园street crossing center garden小游园petty street garden 水景园water garden 铺地园paved garden野趣园wild plants botanical garden 野生植物园wild plants garden 乡趣园rustic garden 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape动物园 zoo, zoological garden墓园
26、cemetery garden沼泽园bog and marsh garden水生植物园aquatic plants garden学校园school garden室内花园indoor garden芳香花园fragrant garden盲人花园garden for the blind公园park, public park 城市公园city park, urban park 区公园regional park儿童公园children park体育公园sports park 森林公园forest park纪念公园memorial park烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park综合公园com
27、prehensive park文化公园cultural park 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park中央公园central park天然公园natural park海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park 古迹公园historic site park河滨公园riverside park湖滨公园lakeside park路边公园roadside park, street park 娱乐公园amusement park雕塑公园sculpture park休憩公园recreation park疗养公园sanatorium park 国家公园na
28、tional park邻里公园neighborhood park 特种公园special park植物园botanical garden植物公园 abeled plants park高山植物园 alpine garden热带植物园 tropical plants garden 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 绿地 green space公共绿地public green space单位绿地unit green area城市绿地urban green space街道广场绿地street and square green area 居住区绿地resi
29、dential quarter green area 防护绿地green area for environmental protection郊区绿地suburban green space 街坊绿地residential block green belt附属绿地attached green space 生产绿地productive plantation area苗圃nursery风景landscape, scenery自然景观natural landscape人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities草原景观prairie landscape山岳景观m
30、ountain landscape, alpine landscape2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape 湖泊景观lake view2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape地质景观geological landscape喀斯特景观karst landscape植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape02.2.1 中国园林史2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中国古代园林ancient
31、 Chinese garden2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden皇家园林royal garden 私家园林private garden 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史西方古典园林western classical garden意大利式园林Italian style garden英国式园林English style garden 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden西班牙式园林Spanish
32、 style garden 法兰西式园林French style garden 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notres style garden 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa洛可可式园林Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden廊柱园peristyle garden, patio2.0140 绿廊xystus迷阵maze, labyrinth典型中西园林2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden2
33、.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 阿房宫E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan未央宫Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 华清官Hua-Qing Palace艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden
34、悬园Hanging Garden英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden 景view, scenery, feature远景distant view 近景nearby view 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place缩景miniature scener
35、y, abbreviated scenery 漏景leaking through scenery框景enframed scenery尾景terminal feature 主景main feature 副景secondary feature 配景objective view 前景front view背景background 景序order of sceneries景点feature spot, view spot仰视景观upward landscape俯视景观downward landscape 季相景观seasonal phenomena 气象景观meteorological diversit
36、y scenery 视野visual field秋色fall color, autumn color园林空间garden space开敞空间wide open space, wide space封闭空间enclosure space 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery 苍古antiquity 空灵spaciousness, airiness 动观in-motion viewing静观 in-position viewing视错觉visual illusion园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 对称平衡symmetrical
37、balance2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance左右对称bilateral symmetry2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry透景线perspective line2.0198 轴线axis, axial line 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis树冠线skyline 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors单色谐调monochromatic harmony 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony 对比色
38、突出contrast colors accent 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony 暖色warm color 冷色cool color 色感color sense 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning绿地系统green space system公共绿地定额public green space quota公共绿地指标public green space norm 绿地布局green space layout吸引圈attractive circle 吸引距离attractive distance有效半径effective
39、radius 绿地资源green space resource绿地效果green space effect绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 空间规划space planning 形象规划image plan2.0224 实施规划implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space2.0227 利用频度usage frequency2.0228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs2.02
40、29 绿地类型type of green space2.0230 环状绿型annular green space2.0231 块状绿地green plot2.0232 点状绿地green spot2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space2.0234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space2.0235 缓冲绿地buffer green space2.0236 防音绿地noise proof green space2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden2.0239 公
41、园规划park planning2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning2.0241 总平面规划site planning2.0242 园林分区garden zoning2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area2.0247 野餐区picnic place2.0248 散步区pedestrian space2.0249 群众集会区ma
42、ss meeting square2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area2.0252 草坪区lawn space 绿荫区shade tree section 历史古迹区historical relics area2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area 钓鱼区fishing center 野营区camp site 游人中心visitors center 服务中
43、心service center 探险游乐场adventure ground 文化活动区cultural activities area 道路系统approach system, road system环形道路系统circular road system 方格形道路系统latticed road system 放射形道路系统radiate road system自然式道路系统informal road system2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system 混合式道路系统mixed style road system 园林规划图garden planning map 园林规
44、划说明书garden planning direction城市公园系统urban park system公园分布distribution of parks 公园类型park type, park category公园间距distance between parks 公园形式park styles游览区excursion area, open-to-public area 非游览区no-admittance area 办公区administrative area服务区service center2.0281 动休息区dynamic rest space 静休息区static rest space
45、娱乐演出区entertaining performance place 主要入口main entrance 次要入口secondary entrance 人流量visitors flowrate车流量vehicle flowrate公园道路park road 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio 游人容纳量visitors capacity风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation 风景学scenicology风景规划landscape plan风景设计landscape design 游览路线touring route 旅游资源tourism reso
46、urce2旅游地理tourism geography旅游地质tourism geology2 历史名城famous historical city文化名城famous cultural city2.0301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic天然博物馆natural open museum 风景地貌natural geomorphology 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration2.0305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 风景名胜famous scenery, famous scenic site2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot 森林风景区forest scenic spot 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot2.0313 峡谷风景区v