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1、-熟记100个句子、掌握7000单词原句难词释义译文1.Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn.dwellers dwel n.居民，居住者continent kntinnt n.大陆，洲，陆地antelope ntilup n.羚羊；羚羊皮革pronghorn prh:n, pr:- n.叉角羚；糜鹿美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。2.Of the millions who saw Haleys comet in 1986, how man
2、y people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century?comet kmit n.彗星1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？3.Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.reflect riflekt vt.反映；反省人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐
3、，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。4.Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.irritating iriteiti adj.刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的 phenol fi:nl, fin- n.化石碳酸，苯酚discontinue ,diskntinju: vt.停止；使中止vi.停止，中断由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。5.In group to remai
4、n in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.in the long run adv.最后consumersknsju:mn.消费者；用户，顾客desirable dizairbl adj.令人满意的；值得要的任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。6.The greater the population there is in a locality, the great
5、er the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.locality luklti n.所在；位置；地点disposal dispuzl n.处理；支配；清理；安排refuse rifju:z, ri:- n.垃圾；废物v.拒绝；抵制一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。7.It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expression
6、s that only obscure ones meaning.flowery flauri adj.花的；华丽的；绚丽的；多花的vague vei adj.模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的obscure bskju, b- vt.遮掩；使变暗；使难理解adj.模糊的；晦涩的；昏暗的简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。8.With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.me
7、chanize meknaiz vt.使机械化；用机械装置personalize p:snlaiz vt.使个性化；把拟人化interior intiri n.内部；本质 adj.内部的；国内的；本质的随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。9.The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.libel n.以文字损害名誉v.诽谤,中伤,诬蔑slander sl:nd, sln- vt.诽谤；造谣中伤n.诽谤诽谤
8、和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。10.The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.knee ni:n.膝盖，膝vt.用膝盖碰joint dint n.关节；接缝；接合处，接合点；（牛，羊等的腿）大块肉adj.共同的；连接的；联合的，合办的vt.连接，贴合；接合；使有接头thigh ai n.大腿，股膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。11.Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a shar
9、p taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes pound kmpaund, kmpaund vt. /vi.合成；混合；和解；妥协；搀合n.化合物；混合物adj.复合的；混合的solution slju:n n.解决方案；溶液；溶解；解答corrosive krusiv adj.腐蚀的；侵蚀性的n.腐蚀物酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。12.Billie Holidays reputation as
10、a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.depth dep n.深度；深奥rest on the oars停止工作Billie Holiday作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。13.Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.conceive knsi:v vt.怀孕；构思；以为；持有v
11、i.怀孕；设想；考虑理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。14.Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.facial cleanser 洗面奶; 洗面乳; 爽肤水facial spasm 面肌痉挛facial recognition人脸识别儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。15.Thanks to modern irrig
12、ation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.irrigation ,iriein n.灌溉；冲洗；医冲洗法abundant bndnt adj.丰富的；充裕的；盛产cacti kktai n.植仙人掌（cactus的复数形式）sagebrush seidbr n.蒿属植物（产于美国西部）受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。16.The development of mechanical timep
13、ieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.timepiece taimpi:s n.钟等各种计时器sundial sndail n.日晷，日规；植羽扇豆（产于美国东部）机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。17.Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations tha
14、t can be checked by others.rigorous rirs adj.严格的；严厉的；严密的；严酷的document dkjumnt, dkjument n.公文, 文件, 文档, 档案, 文献v.证明check tek vi.核对无误；将军（象棋）；vt.检查；制止；寄存n.支票；阻止；阻止物人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。18.Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil
15、, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.fungi fai n.真菌；菌类；蘑菇（fungus的复数）ingredient inri:dintdecompose ,di:kmpuz v.分解；腐烂debris deibri: n.碎片, 残骸真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。19.When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long pe
16、riod of time.tune tju:n, tu:n n.曲调；和谐；心情vt.调整；使一致；为调音vi.调谐；协调pitch pit vi.倾斜；投掷；搭帐篷；坠落vt.投；掷；定位于；用沥青涂；扎营；向前倾跌n.沥青；音高；程度；树脂；倾斜；投掷音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。20.Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.pecan pikn n.
17、美洲山核桃；美洲山核桃树Ohio n.俄亥俄州(美国州名)Illinois n.伊利诺斯州(美国州名)虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。21.Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.transfer trnsf: n.转让；转移；传递；过户vi.转让；转移；转学；换车vt.转让；使转移；传递；调任scapegoat skeiput n.替罪羊用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。22.The chief fo
18、ods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.climate klaimit n.气候, 风土, 思潮一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。23.Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an events occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.trial trail n.试验；审讯；努力
19、；磨炼adj.试验的；审讯的在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。24.Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substances solid is higher than the density of its liquid.substance sbstns n.物质；实质；资产；主旨contract kntrkt, kntrkt vi.收缩；感染；订约vt.感染；订约；使缩短n.合同；婚约density densti n.密度大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。25.
20、The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.mechanism meknizm n.机制；原理，途径；进程；机械装置；技巧大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。26.By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.sculptor sklpt n.雕刻家exer
21、t iz:t vt.运用，发挥；施以影响到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。27.In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。28.Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmar
22、y, an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff. infirmary inf:mri n. 医务室；医院；养老院staff st:f, stf n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性的纽约诊所。29.Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf th
23、an as the inventor of the telephone.deaf def adj. 聋的inventor invent n. 发明家；发明人；创造者Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。30.Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.remembrance rimembrns n. 回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆力associate w
24、ith与联系采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。31.Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.rigid ridid adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的exhibit izibit vt. 展览；显示；提出（证据等）n. 展览品；证据；展示会vi. 展出；开展览会elasticity ,elstisti n. 弹性；弹力；灵活性skeleton sk
25、elitn n. 骨架，骨骼；纲要；骨瘦如柴的人adj. 骨骼的；骨瘦如柴的；概略的骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。32.That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.xenon zenn, zi:- n. 化氙（稀有气体元素）compound kmpaund, kmpaund vt. /vi. 合成；混合；和解妥协；搀合n. 化合物；混合物；复合词adj. 复合的；混合的科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。33.Research into the
26、dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.dynamic dainmik adj. 动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的n. 动态；动力minimize minimaiz vt. 使减到最少；小看，极度轻视vi. 最小化loss ls, l:s n. 减少；亏损；失败；遗失对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。34.The elimination
27、 of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.elimination i,liminein n. 消除；淘汰；除去loan lun n. 贷款；借款vi. 借出vt. 借；借给消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。35.Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditi
28、ons and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.futurism fju:trizm n. 未来主义；未来派reject ridekt vt. 拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃n. 被弃之物或人；次品glorify l:rifai vt. 赞美；美化；崇拜（神）；使更壮丽contemporary kntemprri n. 同时代的人；同时期的东西adj. 当代的；同时代的；属于同一时期的未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。36.One
29、 of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.inaccessible ,inksesbl adj. 难达到的；难接近的；难见到的abundant bndnt adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。37.Lucretia Motts influence was so signific
30、ant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.significant signifiknt adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的n. 象征；有意义的事物feminism feminizm n. 女权主义；女权运动；男女平等主义as the originator of为创始人Lucretia Motts的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。38.The activities of the inter
31、national marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.frequently fri:kwntli adv. 频繁地，经常地；时常，屡次the domestic markete国内市场国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。39.The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing i
32、nto the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.continental ,kntinentl adj. 大陆的；大陆性的 n. 欧洲人imaginary imdinri adj. 虚构的，假想的；想像的；虚数的大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。40.Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on t
33、hem.gravity rviti n. 重力，地心引力；严重性；庄严crust krst n. 外壳；面包皮；坚硬外皮vi. 结硬皮；结成外壳vt. 盖以硬皮；在上结硬皮yield ji:ld vt. 屈服；出产；放弃vi. 屈服，投降n. 产量；收益对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。41.The annual worth of Utahs manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.annual njul adj. 年度的；每年的n. 年刊，年鉴；一年生植物minin
34、g maini n. 矿业；采矿尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。42.The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.stem stem n. 干；茎；船首；血统vt. 阻止；除去的茎；给装柄vi. 阻止；起源于某事物；逆行stony stuni adj. 无情的；多石的；石头的so called之所以叫cliff klif n. 悬崖；绝壁墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。43
35、.It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that is the main focus of social psychology.interaction ,intrkn n. 相互作用；交互作用psychology psaikldi n. 心理学；心理状态rather than而不是社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。44.No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusia
36、sm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.crusade kru:seidn. 改革运动；十字军东侵vi. 加入十字军；从事改革运动expansion ikspnn n. 膨胀；阐述；扩张物facility fsiliti n. 设施；设备；容易；灵巧给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。45.Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable
37、them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.disturb dist:b vt. 打扰；妨碍；使不安；弄乱；使恼怒vi. 打扰；妨碍spring spri n. 春天；弹簧；泉水；活力；跳跃adj. 春天的vi. 生长；涌出；跃出；裂开vt. 使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开flight flait n. 飞行；班机；逃走vt. 射击；使惊飞vi. 迁徙典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。46.According to anthropol
38、ogists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.anthropologist ,nrpldist n. 人类学家；人类学者upright prait, ,pr- adj. 正直的，诚实的；垂直的，直立的；笔直的；合乎正道的n. 垂直；竖立slope slup n. 斜坡；倾斜；斜率；扛枪姿势vi. 倾斜；逃走vt. 倾斜；使倾斜；扛protrude prutru:d vt.
39、 使突出，使伸出vi. 突出，伸出chimpanzee ,timpnzi: n. 动黑猩猩根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。47.Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.transatlantic ,trnztlntik, ,trns-, ,tr:n-adj. 大西洋彼岸的，横渡大西洋的；美国的not until直到cable keibl n. 电缆；海底电报vt. 打电报vi. 打海底电报直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。
40、48.In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.barrenness n. 不孕症；不育症；荒芜spiritual barrenness精神贫困John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。49.Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and
41、rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.consistent knsistntadj. 始终如一的，一致的；坚持的rational rnl adj. 合理的；理性的n. 有理数incline inklain vi. 倾斜；倾向；易于vt. 使倾斜；使倾向于n. 倾斜；斜面；斜坡父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。50.The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops
42、, but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.cultivate kltiveit vt. 培养；陶冶；耕作critical kritikl adj. 鉴定的；临界的；批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的；决定性的；评论的北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。51.Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of information on a single
43、 map.a large amount of大量的symbol simbl n. 象征；符号；标志使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息。52.Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.cluster klst n. 群；簇；丛；串vi. 群聚；丛生vt. 使聚集；聚集在某人的周围doctrine dktr
44、in n. 主义；学说；教义；信条principal prinspl n. 校长；委托人，当事人；资本；主犯adj. 首要的；最重要的无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。53.Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than did Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.have effect on对影响pioneer ,paini n. 先锋；拓荒者vt
45、. 开辟；倡导；提倡vi. 作先驱恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利.福特。54.The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning.nonsense nnsns n. 胡说；废话adj. 荒谬的int. 胡说！hypotheses haipisi:zn. 假定；臆测（hypothesis的复数）使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。55.The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made.fascinating fsineiti adj. 迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的v. 使着迷；使陶醉（fascinate的ing形式）chain tein n. 链；束缚；枷锁vt. 束缚；囚禁；用铁练锁住优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。56.Perfe