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1、基础落实 .高频单词思忆 1.The machine is driven by e . 2.A great many houses were d in the earthquake and many people became homeless. 3.The hurricane left the whole city in r . 4.It t my coat in the car door when I got out of the car.,lectricity,estroyed,uins,rapped,Unit 4 Earthquakes,5.He b into the room wit
2、hout knocking. 6.Many men were (埋葬) underground when the accident at the mine happened. 7.It is an area where natural (灾 难) often happen. 8.The firemen (援救) the boy from the burning house. 9.Teachers have (表达) concern about the emphasis on testing. 10.I (祝贺) them all on their results.,urst,buried,di
3、sasters,rescued,expressed,congratulated,.重点短语再现 1. 结束；终结 2. 照常 3. 掘出；发现；找出 4. 作为而闻名 5. 被覆盖 6. 轻视；看不起 7. 为纪念 8. 以为骄傲 9. 分发，发出 10. 从判断,at an end,as usual,dig out,be known as,be covered by,think little of,in honour of,be proud of,give out,judge from,.典型句式运用 1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for plac
4、es to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。 句中looking for.是现在分词短语作 状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表 示的动作 。,考点提炼,伴随,同时发生,2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.成千上万 个家庭遇难，许多孩子失去了父母。 此处leave表示“ ”， 其后通常接复合宾语，即宾语加形容词、过去分 词、现在分词、介词（短语）等作宾语补足语。,考点提炼,使处于状态,3.Workers built shelters for survivors
5、whose homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭 受破坏的幸存者建了住所。 是定语从句。关系代词whose引导定语从句时， whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。,考点提炼,whose homes had been destroyed,4.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队 组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。 the dead意为“ ”。“ ” 常表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词要用 形式。 5.The man was sl
6、eeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.当地震发生的时候，这个 人正在楼下睡觉。 此处when为并列连词，意为“ ”，前面分句常用 时态。,考点提炼,死者,the+形容词,复数,考点提炼,正在这,时/那时,进行,导练互动 重点单词 1.ruin In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin. 银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。 My new
7、shoes got ruined in the mud. 我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。,ruins,归纳总结 ruin 。 be in ruins成为废墟 be the ruin of成为毁灭（堕落）的原因 bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产 come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏 掉 ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉,n.毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；v.（使）破产；,（使）堕落，毁灭,易混辨异 destroy,ruin,damage,break,spoil (1)destroy常指彻底的、不能或
8、很难修复的“破 坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东 西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。 （2）ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的 力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的 意思。 （3）damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，一般指 被破坏的物品可以重新修复。,（4）break是“破坏，打破，打碎”的意思。它表 示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西， 如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东 西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。 （5）spoil破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先 的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾 语常是景致、食欲、计划等。,即学即用 （
9、1）大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。 The heavy rain . （2）多年的战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。 Years of fighting has left Iraq .,ruined our holiday,in ruins,2.injure Twothirds of them died or were during the earthquake.(回归课本P26) 易混辨异 hurt,injure,harm,wound (1)hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感 情上的伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部 位）疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与 badly,slightly,
10、seriously等连用，但若指精神 上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。,injured,（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure 则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。 （3）harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指 引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道 德的事情。 （4）wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出 血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。,即学即用 （1）在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18 人重伤。 In the coach crash 10 people died and 18 . （
11、2）在战争中，受伤的远比死亡的人多。 In a war there are than killed. （3）不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。 Dont by reading in dim light.,were seriously injured,many more wounded,harm your eyes,3.burst In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29
12、th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of applause. 在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队队员的精彩表现 赢得了阵阵掌声。 She was bursting to tell him the good news. 她急不可待要把好消息告诉他。,burst,归纳总结 burst 。 burst out突然迸发；爆发 burst out doing sth.（=burst into+n.）突 然起来 be bursting to do sth.渴望；急着要做（某事） burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入 burst with anger/grief
13、/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/ 乐不可支,vt.to keep up with;into B.Seeing;to make up;out C.Having seen;to catch up with;into D.On seeing;to make up for;out （2）She into tears the moment she knew she had failed that exam. A.burst B.broke C.shocked D.cried,D,A,4.shock People were .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 I was shocked at the news o
14、f her death. 我听到她的死讯十分震惊。 I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。 The news of his death was a shock to us. 他的死讯令我们震惊。,shocked,归纳总结 shock 。 with/from shock由于震惊 a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故 come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊 in a state of shock惊魂未定 suffer from shock休克 be shocked at对感到吃惊 be
15、 shocked to do深感意外地去做,n.打击；震惊；vt.was B.A great number of;were C.The great number of;was D.The great number of;were ,B,（2）The number of students in our school about 30,000 and them study hard. A.is;a large amount of B.are;a number of C.are;large amount of D.is;a large number of ,D,8.give out .gas tha
16、t hot water (回归课本P28) 观察思考 Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street. 学生们在向街上每一个人发传单。 The red radiator gives out a lot of heat. 那个红色的散热器放出大量的热。 My money will give out soon.我的钱快要用光了。,gives out,归纳总结 give out意为： 。 give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露 give back归还；恢复 give off发出，放出 give over停止，中止 give
17、on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向 give up放弃,用完；发出，分发,即学即用 （1）The gas gave an unpleasant smell. A.off B.in C.up D.away （2）Dont mention that at the beginning of the story,or it may the shocking ending. A.give away B.give out C.give up D.give off ,A,A,9.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them
18、.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井的井壁上 有深深的裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家 大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。 典例体验 reply,he stared at the floor. 他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。 It is never give up our prejudice. 抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。,Too nervous to,too late to,归纳总结 too ner
19、vous to eat意思为“ ”。其中的too.to.结构，表示“太 以致于不”。关于too.to.句式的用法： （1）too.to.太以致于不 （2）too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为 肯定意义。not/never too.to.,意为“并不 太所以能”。 It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，未为晚也。 （3）too.to.前面有only,but,all时，only too,but too和all too相当于very,后面的不定式也 表示肯定。,太紧张而不能吃,东西,Im only too pleased to help you. 很荣幸
20、能帮助你。 We shall be only/but too delighted to have you with us. 能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。 （4）当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾 向等的形容词（如anxious,eager,glad,happy, pleased,ready,willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。He was too eager to know the result of his examination. 他迫切想知道考试的结果。,即学即用 (1)The box was (太 重了，我搬不动). (2)Im (太累了，什么也想不起来) now. (
21、3)I am (想作一次环球旅行).,too heavy for me to lift,too tired to think of anything,too eager to travel around the world,10.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！ 典例体验 they know what theyre doing. 他们好像知道他们正在做什么。 The whole house to be empty. 整座房子似乎空荡荡的。,It seems that,seemed,归纳总结 It seems (to sb.)
22、that/as if.意为： ，as if后边可用 语气。 seem to be/like+n.似乎，好像 seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像 正在做/已经做了某事 seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是 There seems to be.好像有,（对某人,来说）似乎,虚拟,即学即用 （1）他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。 they would get married. （2）我大概把书忘在家里了。 my book at home.,It always seemed as if,I seem to have left,11.Then,late
23、r that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚 些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震 在唐山爆发了。 典例体验 He doesnt speak English you. 他的英语说得不如你流利。 I got up my father did this morning. 今天早上我和父亲起得一样早。,as/so fluently as,as early as,归纳总结 本句的 属于“as.as” 结构，两个as的词性不一样，所以它们后面所
24、跟的结 构亦不一样。第一个as是副词，所以后面跟的是形容词或副词的 ，第二个as是连词，所以后面常跟名 词、代词或从句。其否定形式为 ,意为 “ ”。 注意 （1）第一个as是副词，如果后面接单数名词， 要用“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as.”结构。 John is as kind a student as me. 约翰和我一样是个心地善良的学生。,as strong as the first one,原级,not as/so.as,不如,（2）as.as用来表示倍数的结构为“A is.times as.as B”，意为“A是B的几倍”。 This playground is three
25、 times as big as that one. 这个操场是那个操场的三倍大。,即学即用 （1）It is reported that the US uses energy as the whole of Europe. A.as twiceB.twice much C.twice much asD.twice as much （2）Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight. A.so useful a way B.as a useful way C.as useful a way D.such a useful way,D,C,1.
26、利用派生法，品句填词 (1)The of the island is by the unwise .(govern) (2)Do you know why the May 4th broke out? Sorry,I dont know.Because at that time my family from Beijing to Hong Kong.(move) (3)The news caused great among her friends when she told them .(excite),government,governed,governor,Movement,moved,e
27、xciting,excitement,excitedly,品味构词,串联扩展,argument,陈述,声明,协定,约会,确定,宣告,公示,settlement,department,2.利用转化法,品句解词 (1)On arrival at the station,I always beside the newspaper . (2)Just now I nothing but a in his hand. (3)She that she must have left her bag on the train for some .,stand,stand,站立,动词；摊位,名词,saw,saw
28、,看见,动词;锯,名词,reasoned,reason,判定,断定,动词;原因,名词,飞,苍蝇,面临,火柴,比赛,套，副,轮到的机会,燕子,考题回扣 【例1】Whenever I met her, was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile. （山东高考） A.who B.which C.when D.that 解析 此处考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。 句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地 向我微笑。 课文原文 It was felt in Beijing, is more than two hundred kilomet
29、res away.,which,B,【例2】A person e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. （天津高考） A.whoB.whom C.whoseD.whoever 解析 e-mail account前缺少定语，故用whose 引导定语从句，相当于the e-mail account of whom。 课文原文 Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed.,whose,C,【例3】 ,you need to gi
30、ve all you have and try your best. （辽宁高考） A.Being a winner B.To be a winner C.Be a winner D.Having been a winner 解析 句意为：为了成为赢家，你要付出你的所 有并全力以赴。所以空格部分在句中应作目的状 语，故要用动词不定式。 课文原文 Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan .,to help the rescue,workers,B,【例4】The way the guests in the
31、hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. （北京高考） A.treated B.were treated C.would treat D.would be treated 解析 由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动 作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。客人是“受到 对待”，故用被动语态。 课文原文 Thousands of families and many children without parents.,were killed,were left,B,【例5】I can be a teacher.Im not a ver
32、y patient person. （湖南高考） A.seldomB.ever C.neverD.always 解析 根据后置语境Im not a very patient person.可知，前句句意应为：我永远不会成为一 名老师。表示全部否定含义用never。 课文原文 Tens of thousands of cows would give milk again.,never,C,自主检测 .品句填词 1.The fish must go bad,for it is s . 2.The two countries were separated by a c . 3.Water can b
33、e turned into s when heated. 4.After the earthquake,the whole city was in r . 5.An accident happened.Luckily,nobody was i .,melly,anal,team,uins,njured,6.There was no s in the air crash. 7.The workers made great efforts to r the people who were trapped underground. 8.Because of the global warming,th
34、ere are more and more natural d . 9.The students in our school have o many clubs for themselves. 10.The air in the countryside is much f than that in the city.,urvivor,escue,isasters,rganized,resher,.短语运用 1.If war breaks out,we shall be called up . 2.The express train arrived on schedule . 3.He my s
35、uggestion,which made me a bit upset. 4.Our company its reputation for fair dealing.,right away,think little of,as usual,give out,be proud of,in ruins,right away,as usual,thought little of,is proud of,5.The news of the Presidents death in a radio broadcast. 6.The house was .Fortunately,nobody was hur
36、t.,was,given out,in ruins,.完成句子 1.Death finally (结束了她的痛苦). 2.They (避雨) under a big tree. 3.He (被评为) the best actor of this year. 4.The foreign visitors (非常高兴有机会) to visit the Great Wall. 5.What a noise!I can hardly stand it. It (好像他们在开晚会) next door.,brought an end to her suffering,took shelter from
37、rain,was judged to be,are only too glad to,have the opportunity,seems as if they are having a party,6. (无论他们在哪儿出 现),they met with strong protests. 7. (在城镇的北边) stood a leaning tower in the past. 8.A memorial meeting was held (为了纪念这位伟大的作家). 9. (有三分之二的人伤亡) during the Wenchuan earthquake. 10.But the one
38、 million people of the city, (对这 些征兆满不在乎),went to bed as usual that night.,Everywhere they appeared,To the north of the town,in honour of,the great writer,Two-thirds of the people died or were,injured,who thought little of these events,.单项填空 1.Believe it or not,Lilys sister crying when we were eatin
39、g. A.burst onB.burst in C.burst outD.burst into 解析 burst out+v.-ing意为“突然起 来”，而burst into+n.意为“突然开始”。 burst on突然出现；burst in闯进；突然闯入。 句意为：信不信由你，我们吃饭时莉莉的妹妹突然 哭了起来。由句意及burst out的用法可知正确答 案为C项。,C,2.The two ladies are of the same age,but it looks as if one ten years older than . A.is;other B.was;another C.w
40、ere;other D.were;the other 解析 考查虚拟语气及代词的用法。从句表述的 内容与现在的事实相反，因此，要用虚拟语气， be动词要用were;两者中的另一个应该用the other。,D,3.I received his mothers phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly in an accident the day before yesterday. A.hurt B.injured C.harmedD.wounded 解析 意外受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟， 我接到他母亲的电话。直到
41、那时我才知道他在前 天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。,B,4.Lets our glasses and drink our friendship. A.rise;forB.raise;to C.rise;withD.raise;/ 解析 第一空由后面的our glasses可知要选用及 物动词raise;drink to sth.为干杯。句意为： 让我们举起杯子为我们的友谊干杯。,B,5.It is for us to deal with. A.an enough difficult situation B.such a difficult situation C.too difficult a
42、 situation D.so difficult a situation 解析 考查too.to结构，too是副词，后接形容 词或副词。句意为：这个情况太难应付了，我们 应付不了。,C,6.He was lucky in the accident,but his car is under repair. A.destroyedB.ruined C.damagedD.hurt 解析 damage一般指破坏后可以修复；destroy指 彻底破坏，无法修复或很难修复；ruin指毁坏， 其使用价值发生变化，与本题语境不符；hurt指 身体或精神上的伤害。故正确答案为C项。,C,7.The boys,
43、 could not reach the shelf, went to look for something to stand on. A.the tall of whom B.the tallest of whom C.the tallest one D.the tallest of them 解析 由句子结构可知，两个逗号之间为一个非 限制性定语从句，故排除C、D，三者及三者以上 当中最高的一个要用最高级，故选B项。句意为： 这些男孩子中最高的一个都不能够到那个书架， 于是他们去寻找其他的东西来站立。,B,8.I passed the driving test! ! A.Congratul
44、ation B.Congratulations for you C.Congratulations D.Congratulation on you 解析 得知对方成功的消息时，应向他表示祝 贺，此时可用省略形式congratulations，也可以 用congratulations on sth.。句意为：我通 过驾照考试了！恭喜恭喜！,C,9.I was about to a match when I remembered Toms warning. A.rub B.hit C.wipe D.strike 解析 strike a match划火柴。尽管rub有“摩 擦，擦”之意，但它不能和m
45、atch搭配使用。句意 为：我正要划火柴，这时我突然想起了汤姆的警 告。,D,10.When I was in danger,a bright idea suddenly to me. A.happenedB.hit C.struckD.occurred 解析 考查动词用法辨析。sth.occur to sb.某 人突然想到某事。hit作“使突然想起”解时，相 当于strike，后面直接跟宾语sb.;sth.happen to sb.某人碰巧发生某事。句意为：在我处于危险中 时，我突然想到一个不错的主意。,D,11. the rockets coming into being,the Spac
46、e Age began, China is sure to play an important role. A.As;whenB.With;at which C.With;in whichD.As;while 解析 第一个空考查with复合结构，若填as, coming应改为came;第二个空考查非限制性定语从 句，先行词为the Space Age，从句中有词组play a role in故空格处应填in which。,C,12.The exam was easy,wasnt it? Yes,but I dont think could pass it. A.somebody B.anybo
47、dy C.nobody D.everybody 解析 not.everybody为部分否定，意为 “并非每个人”，与but引导的转折关系的从 句相符。,D,13.Did Henry paint the whole house himself? He because he doesnt like to climb a ladder. A.hadnt painted it B.had it painted C.had painted it D.painted it 解析 由句意“因为他不喜欢爬梯子”可 知“他让别人刷的房子”。have sth.done指主 语请/让别人为自己做某事。,B,14.T
48、he new film Lady Cop & Papa Crook(大 搜查) starred by Hong Kong actress and singer Sammi Cheng (郑秀文) attracted viewers. A.many ofB.the number of C.large numbers of D.a large amount of 解析 large numbers of=a large number of大 量的，许多的，修饰可数名词复数。,C,15.After visiting China,most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time they had spent in China. A.that B.what C.whenD.at which 解析 考查定语从句。spend为及物动词，缺少 宾语，故应选关系代词that作宾语以代指先行词 ti