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1、V-ing 作状语,Grammar,He stood there. He read a newspaper.,He stood there and read a newspaper.,He stood there, reading a newspaper.,He graduated from the college. He went to a factory.,After he graduated from the college, he went to a factory.,Having graduated from the college, he went to a factory.,v-
2、ing作状语表示主语在进行某一动作 的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语起 修饰或陪衬的作用,可充当时间、原因、 伴随、条件、让步、方式或者结果状 语.这时要注意v-ing结构与其逻辑主语 在主动意义以及时间联系上的一致.,1. v-ing 作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句,常置于句首,有时为了突出时 间,其前可加when, while 等连词.,(1) While crossing the street, you must be careful.,=While you cross the street,.,(2) When hearing the good news, the students w
3、ere wild with joy.,=When they heard the good news,.,2. v-ing 作原因状语,常置于句首,一般可转化成由as, because引导的 原因状语从句。,(1) Being ill, he didnt go to school.,Because he was ill, .,(2) Being so excited, many of us could not go to sleep that night.,Because we were so excited,.,3. v-ing 作条件状语,一般放在句首， 其前可加if, unless 等连词
4、，相当 于条件状语从句。,(1) Working hard, youll succeed.,If you work hard, youll succeed.,(2) Standing on the building, you can see the whole city.,If you stand on the building, you can see the whole city.,4. v-ing 作伴随状语,位于句尾，表示伴随的次要动作或补充说明，相当 于一个并列谓语。, Every evening they sat on the sofa, reading newspaper., a
5、nd read newspaper., The headmaster went into the lab, following by the foreign guests., and the foreign guests followed him.,5. v-ing 作让步状语,一般放在句首,常与although/ though, even if/ though 等连词引入。,Although repeating his words many times, the teacher could not make the students understand what he meant.,Alt
6、hough the teacher repeated his words many times, he couldnt make the students understand what he meant.,6. v-ing 作结果状语,置于句末，前常要加so, thereby, thus, Hence等表示结果的副词。,(1) Jane fell off the bike, cutting her leg.,(2) He worked day and night, thus making himself near-sighted.,7. v-ing 作方式状语,补充说明动作进行的方式。,She came running back to tell us the news.,Exercises,Thank you!,Bye Bye!,