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1、-人教版高中英语必修4内容全解-第 153 页人教版高中英语必修4内容全解话题素材人物传记好词1.diligent adj. 勤奋的2.distinguished adj. 杰出的；著名的3.personality n. 个性；品格4.active adj. 积极的；活跃的5.educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的6.have_a_gift_for 有天赋7.devote oneself to 投身于8.be interested in 对感兴趣9.be_honored_as. 被誉为10.with great determination and perseverance 凭着极大的
2、决心和毅力11.make a great contribution to 对作出巨大贡献12.be enthusiastic about 对热心13.achieve/realize ones dream 实现某人的梦想14.set sb. a good example 给某人树立好榜样15.go abroad for further studies 出国深造佳句1.Famous_as_she_is,_she cares little for money and fame.虽然她很有名，但她却不计名利。2.Completely devoted_to_the_people,_he gave his
3、 life in saving his patients.他忠于人民，把毕生精力都用于挽救患者的生命。3.In_a_word,_Madame Curie is_regarded_as one of the greatest scientists, who is also the first scientist in the world to_win_two_Nobel_Prizes.总之，居里夫人被认为是最伟大的科学家之一，也是世界上首位获得两次诺贝尔奖的科学家。精美语篇Born into a rich family in Shanghai， Song Qingling not only go
4、t a good education but also went to study in the USA. In 1915， she married Dr Sun Yatsen， who had a great influence on China.Later， she was made an honorary president of the Peoples Republic of China. Being kindhearted and easygoing for her whole life， she devoted herself to the welfare of women and
5、 children in later years. She started the China Welfare Institute， which is intended to serve women and children now. Whats more， she also led the Womens Federation and worked hard for civil rights， democracy and peace. Having made great contributions to the welfare of women and children in China， s
6、he is highly thought of by the world. In a word， she is such a great woman that I think we all should learn from her. 高频单词1respect (vt.&n.) 尊敬；尊重；敬意2support (n.&vt.) 支持；拥护supporter (n.) 支持者；拥护者supporting (adj.) 次要的；配角的；支撑的3campaign (n.) 运动；战役 (vi.) 作战；参加运动4shade (n.) 荫；阴凉处 (vt.) 遮住光线(形近词) shadow (n.
7、) 阴影；影子5emergency (n.) 突发事件；紧急情况 emergent (adj.)紧急的6outspoken (adj.) 直言的；坦诚的7childhood (n.) 童年；幼年时代8worthwhile (adj.) 值得的；值得做的worth (adj.) 值；值得的 (n.)价值worthy (adj.) 值得的；值得尊敬的9crowd (n.) 人群；观众(vt.)挤满；使拥挤crowded (adj.) 拥挤的10behave (v.) 举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour (n.) 行为；举止；习性11observe (vt.) 观察；观测；遵守observa
8、tion (n.) 观察；观测12argue (v.) 讨论；辩论；争论argument (n.) 争论；争辩；争吵13intend (vt.) 计划；打算intention (n.) 打算；目的；意图14refer (vt.&vi.) 谈到；参考；查阅reference (n.) 提及；涉及；参考；查阅referred (过去式/过去分词)15organization (n.) 组织；机构；团体organize (vt.)组织16connection (n.) 连接；关系connect (vt.) 联系connected (adj.) 有联系的17achievement (n.) 成就；功绩
9、achieve (vt.) 取得；实现18entertainment (n.) 款待；娱乐entertain (vt. & vi.) 使愉快；款待entertained (adj.) 愉快的；高兴的entertaining (adj.) 令人愉快的19inspire (vt.) 鼓舞；激发；启示inspired (adj.) 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的inspiring (adj.) 鼓舞人心的inspiration (n.) 鼓舞；灵感20considerate (adj.) 考虑周到的consider (v.) 考虑；认为consideration (n.) 考虑；体谅considering (
10、prep.) 考虑到21deliver (vt.) 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)delivery (n.) 投递；交货；分娩 重点短语1fight_for 为而战2crowd_in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海3look_down_upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起4refer_to 查阅；参考；谈到5come_across (偶然)遇见；碰见6move_off 离开；起程；出发7lead_a.life 过着的生活8by_chance 碰巧；凑巧9catch_ones_eye 引人注目10carry_on 继续；坚持11devote_oneself_to 献身于；专心于12work
11、_out 解决；锻炼身体；结果是 热点句型1“only状语”置于句首的倒装句Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she_allowed_to_begin_her_project (使她得以开始自己的计划). (教材P2)2once引导的条件状语从句；现在分词短语作伴随状语Once_I_stop (一旦我停下来), it all comes crowding_in (涌上心头) and I remember the chimps in laboratories. (教材P2)3it作形式主语的主语
12、从句Suddenly it_hit_me (我忽然想起) how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. (教材P6)4It is/was. that/who. 强调句Further reading made me realize that it_was_hard_work_and_determination_as_well_as_her_gentle_nature_that (是苦干、决心和善良的天性) got her into medical school. (教材P6)5形容词短语作状语Ther
13、e was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired_after_a_days_work (在劳累一天之后), went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her. (教材P6) 巩固训练在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1This means _ (go) back to the place where we left the family _ (sleep) in a tree the night before.答案：g
14、oing; sleeping2One important thing she discovered was _ chimps hunt and eat meat.答案：that3She spent years _ (observe) and recording their daily activities.答案：observing4She had helped to set up special places _ they can live safely.答案：where5_(follow) Janes way of studying chimps, our group _ (be) all
15、going to visit them in the forest.答案：Following; are6_(watch) a family of chimps wake up _ (be) our first activity of the day.答案：Watching; is7By chance I came _ an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, _ specialist in womens diseases.答案：across; a8Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the tree
16、 _ the family began to wake up and move off.答案：while9I realized that the text _ (intend) for women in the countryside.答案：was intended10It was a small book _ (explain) how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.答案：explaining1behavevt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现Jane has studied these families o
17、f chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)简研究这些黑猩猩已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解它们的行为跟人类的是多么地相似。归纳拓展(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/差behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved 表现好的badlybehaved 表现差的(3)behaviour/behavior n. 举止；行为mind ones behaviour 注意某人的举止语境助记The
18、child behaved_well_to/towards other guests at the party.那个孩子在聚会上对其他客人非常礼貌。If parents do not teach their child how to behave_himself,_he will do anything at will.如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩，他做任何事情会我行我素。I think all of us should mind_our_behavior in public places.我认为我们大家都应该注意我们在公共场所的行为举止。2observevt.观测；观察；遵守；庆祝Sh
19、e spent years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。归纳拓展 (1)observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程)observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人正在做某事observe that . 观察(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则observe Christmas 庆祝圣诞节(3)observation n. 观察；观察力；观测under observation 在监视下名师点睛在被动语态中，obs
20、erve后充当补足语的不带to的动词不定式中的to要还原出来，即sb./sth. is observed to do sth.。如：He observed someone open the door.Someone is observed to open the door.他注意到有人打开了门。语境助记His neighbour observed a stranger go into his house.他的邻居注意到一个陌生人进了他的房子。2016江苏高考Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.因此，应该制定规则
21、并且严格遵守。Tom was observed stealing_something from the shop.汤姆被人看到正从商店里偷东西。Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.尽管在国外生活了多年，很多中国人仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。His order was to keep the men under_observation.他下的命令是监视这些人。图解助记observe巧学助记各种“看”之口诀看场电影用see，读书、看报用read；电视、戏剧和比赛
22、，凡是表演用watch; observe细观察，一时注意notice。3respectvt.尊敬，尊重n敬意；方面For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. (P2)40年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。归纳拓展(1)respect sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而尊重某人(2)show/have respect for. 尊重gi
23、ve/send ones respect to sb. 问候某人out of respect for sb. 出于对某人的尊敬(3)in respect ofwith respect to 就而言；关于；至于in the respect/in some respects 在这方面/在某些方面(4)respectable adj. 可敬的；值得尊敬的；体面的respectful adj. 有礼貌的；恭敬的respective adj. 各自的；分别的语境助记Respect_yourself,_or no one else will respect you.谚君须自敬，人乃敬之。Students
24、should show_respect_for their teachers.学生要尊敬老师。Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out_of_respect for farmers labor.中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。2016全国卷It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with_respect_to the natural
25、world and how you approach the gardening process.(建造自己的理想花园前)首先你要正视自己，了解对于自然界而言自己的角色以及照料花园的方法。4arguevi.& vt.讨论；辩论；争论She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.(P2)她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。归纳拓展(1)argue for. 为而争论；为而辩护argue against 争辩
26、(反对)argue with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事argue sb. into/out_of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事argue that. 认为/主张(2)argument n争论；争辩；论点beyond argument 无可辩解语境助记As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.据我所知，他们据理力争选举权。I_argue_that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助
27、需要帮助的人。Its no use arguing_about_the_question_with_him for he wont change his opinion.关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点的。We tried many ways to argue_him_into_accepting our advice, but in vain.我们想了许多方法去说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。2016全国卷However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in autho
28、rity rather than be rude to that person by arguing_with him or her.然而，当一个权威人士发布指令时，墨西哥人可能会沉默而不是与他或她粗鲁地争吵。We had an_argument_with the waiter over the bill.我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。图解助记5intendvt.计划；打算I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. (P6)我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解
29、到那是为农村妇女写的。归纳拓展(1)intend to_do sth./doing sth. 打算做某事intend sb. to_do sth. 打算让某人做某事had intended to do sth.intended to have_done sth. 过去本打算做某事(2)be intended to_do sth. 准备做某事be intended for 专为而设计；专供用(3)intend that.(should) do sth. 打算(4)intention n打算；意图；目的with the intention of 抱有的目的语境助记2016北京高考The story
30、 intends_to_tell us that little people can make a big difference.这个故事旨在告诉我们(危难来临时)小人物有时可能也会有大作为。They had_intended_to_go to the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通拥挤就推迟了。I didnt think she intended_me_to_hear the remark.我觉得她并不想让我听见那话。2016浙江高考A Physicians
31、 Manual is most likely intended_for doctors.医生指南这本书最有可能是针对医生所写的。This programme was set up with_the_intention_of providing help to homeless people.设立这个项目是为了帮助无家可归者。2016天津高考She had a firm_intention within herself to be the best she could be.她内心有一个坚定的信念，那就是成为最好的自我。6delivervt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)There w
32、as story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.(P6)数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭常常不能给她报酬的。归纳拓展(1)deliver sth. to sb.投递/传送某物给某人deliver a speech 发表演说be delivered of a babygive birth to a baby
33、 生孩子deliver sb./sth. over to sb. 把某人/某物移交给某人(2)delivery n. 投递；送货；分娩，生孩子express delivery 快递名师点睛deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb. sth.，只能说deliver sth. to sb.。语境助记2016天津高考His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.他的父母总是让他给花园锄草、将生活垃圾携带出去和分发报纸。If you de
34、cide to deliver_a_speech,_please make it brief.如果你要发表演讲，请讲简短一点。It was lucky that she was_delivered_of a healthy baby.幸运的是，她生下了一个健康的婴儿。When the sale is complete, you must deliver_the_house_over to the new owner.买卖成交后，你必须把房子移交给新主人。牛津高阶Please pay for goods on delivery.请货到付款。过关演练单句语法填空用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1Hav
35、ing a large family _ (support), he took up two parttime jobs in his spare time.答案：to support考查动词不定式。句意：因为有一大家子要养活，所以他业余时间打了两份工。2The international agreement, _ (intend) to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.答案：intended考查分词作定语。根据“be intended to do
36、”可知，此处填过去分词，省略了which was。3Police have so far failed to establish a _ (connect) between the two murders.答案：connection考查词性转换。由空前的a可知，此处应填名词。4Last night Bruce was observed _ (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.答案：to leave考查observe sb. do sth.结构的被动形式。该结构变成被动形式后，需要把被省去的to还原。5Trus
37、t is a learned _ (behave) that we gain from past experiences.答案：behavior/behaviour考查词性转换。根据空前的a learned可知，此处应填名词，两种拼写方式均正确。6Computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of _ (entertain)答案：entertainment考查词性转换。由of可知此处应填名词形式。句意：电脑已经取代电视成了最受我们欢迎的娱乐形式。7He has decided to get a book at the
38、house and see if it might be worthwhile _ (buy) it.答案：to buy考查It is worthwhile to do sth.“值得做某事”，这一句式结构。8Whichever way you look at it, an Olympic silver medal is a remarkable _ (achieve) for one so young.答案：achievement考查词性转换。由前面的a remarkable可知，此处应填名词。9Do you want to get this book _ (deliver) to your
39、 house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?答案：delivered考查分词作宾补的用法。即“get宾语宾补”，this book与deliver之间为被动关系，故填delivered。10It was _ (consider) of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.答案：considerate考查词性转换。considerate形容词，意为“考虑周到的”。1look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起Many people look down
40、upon poor people.(P4)许多人瞧不起穷人。归纳拓展look up to 尊敬；仰视look forward to 盼望；期待look into 调查；观察；窥视look up 抬头看；查阅look on/upon.as. 把看作look out (for.) 注意；留意；留神()look through 浏览；仔细查看语境助记Do not look_down_upon him! I am sure he is a diamond in the rough.别小看他！我坚信他是一个外粗内秀的人。The police have received the complaint, an
41、d they are looking_into it.警方已经收到投诉函件，他们正在进行调查。2016浙江高考Looking_back,_I honestly dont know how she did it.再回首，我真的不知道她是怎样做这件事的。2016江苏高考Once I look_up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details for future useI know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do s
42、o.一旦我在网上查东西，我不必保存所有细节以备将来使用我知道在哪儿重新找到信息并且能够做得又快又容易。No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone looking_up_to you wishing they were that high.不管你多么低估自己，总有敬重你的人，他们希望自己也那么高大。We look_upon_you_as a member of the family.我们把你当作家人。Im looking_forward_to hearing from you as soon as possib
43、le.我期待尽快收到您的回信。I looked_through todays newspapers but I found nothing important.我翻阅了今天的报纸，但没有发现重要消息。用look短语的适当形式填空aTerry, please look_up from your cellphone when Grandma is talking to you.bYoure a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of the younger ones look_up_to you.cHe happened to be looking_through th
44、e medical book Grays Anatomy at the time.dLook_out_for thieves when you stay there.eThe police did not begin to look_into the case until yesterday afternoon.图解助记2refer to 查阅；参考；提及；指的是 If the word group refers to different members，use a plural verb. (P5)如果单词“group”指不同的成员，谓语动词用复数。归纳拓展(1)refer to.as. 把
45、称作refer sth. to sb. 把某物提交给某人(解决)(2)reference n涉及；提及；参考；查阅in/with reference to 关于语境助记2016全国卷The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers_to Weltys stories.第6段的划线单词“them”指的是韦尔蒂的故事。The scientist referred_to the discovery as the most exciting new Development in this field.这位科学家把这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。You should refer this matter to the head office for a decision.你应把这事提交总部去决定。The result of the research is for_reference only.这个研究结果仅供参考。In_reference_to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each.关于你咨询的费用问题，这部电影的票价是每张35元。写出下