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1、-中考英语单词拼写题解题技巧-第 12 页中考英语单词拼写题解题技巧单词拼写题是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一，主要考查学生“识词、记词和用词”的能力。这类试题体现了“词不离句”的特点，要求学生注意单词在句子中的确切含义与正确形式，而不是孤立地死记硬背单词。“单词拼写”题主要有下面一些题型。一、词类转换A)按要求写出该词的相应形式。1. boy(复数)2. they(宾格)3. thin(比较级)4. dance(v-ing形式)5. break(过去分词)(福州市中考题)这种题型是单词拼写题型中比较机械的一种，主要是考查学生对单词形式变换的掌握程度，要求学生掌握单词的变化规则以及一些构词法。(
2、答案 :1. boys 2. them 3. thinner 4. dancing 5. broken)B)用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Which is (far) from us，the sun or the moon？ 2. The pot is used for (keep) water hot. 3. Mike is ill. His mother feels (worry). 4. Beijing will be (rain)tomorrow. 5. They are my (friendly).这种题型是比较灵活的词类转换形式。它不仅考查学生对单词变换形式的掌握程度，更
3、主要是考查学生对句子成份划分的能力及对各种词类能作什么成份的掌握程度。解答这类题必须先考虑所给词在空格处作什么成份，理解句意，然后采用适当的形式。第1题，根据句意“太阳和月亮哪一个离我们较远？”，二者比较，应用比较级，故填 farther；第2题， for是介词，后接v-ing形式，故填keeping；第3题，feel是系动词，后面应接形容词作表语，故填worried；第4题，rain的形容词为rainy；第5题，根据句意，此处应填名词，又因主语They为复数，放这里应填friends。二、词语释义根据英文解释，完成下列单词的拼写，每个单词的第一个字母已给出。 1. c (put one th
4、ing over another) 2. u (different from；not in the same way) 3. F (the second month of the year) 4. s (not hurt，not in danger) 5. l (not heavy) 6. v (a place smaller than a town) 7. r (having much money) 8. f (of, in or from another country) 9. w (make clean with water) 10. c (easy to see, hear, read
5、 or understand) (安徽省中考题)这类题主要考查学生是否能理解一定的英语解释及掌握某些同义词、近义词或反义词。解答这类题，必须先弄懂释义，再根据提示，写出单词。(答案 :1. cover 2. unlike 3. February4. safe 5. light 6. village 7. rich 8. foreign 9. wash 10. clear)三、汉译英根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。 1. Miss Brown taught (他们) English last term.2. We dont think their classroom is
6、 (干净) than ours. 3. Is it the best one of the (照片) of your family ? 4. I spent an hour (写) the passage last night.做这类题要从语法的角度，认真检查所填英语单词的词形是否正确。如果填的是名词，要注意它们是单数还是复数；如果填的是形容词、副词，要注意它们是否需要用比较级或最高级；如果是动词，要注意它们的时态、语态以及语气等。第1题，根据句意，taught后面应接人称代词的宾格形式，故填them；第2题，根据句意，此处应填形容词比较级cleaner；第 3题，根据句意，此处可填photo
7、或 picture；又因 one of后应接可数名词的复数形式，故应填 photos/pictures；第 4题，根据句意，“花费多少时间做某事”常用句型“spend+时间+doing sth”，故此处应填 writing。四、根据句意填词A)根据句意填入一个适当的词，使句子完整、正确。 1. July the first is our birthday. 2. The Great Wall is over 6, 000 kilometers . 3. Miss Yang has got books on many different .这种题主要考查学生正确分析和理解句子的能力。解答这类题，
8、应先考虑所填单词在句中作什么成份，用什么词性，再结合句意和语法全盘考虑。第1题，根据句意“7月1日是我们生日。”此处应填“党的”，即Partys :第2题，根据句意 :“长城有6，000多公里。”此处应填“长”，即long；第 3题，根据句意，此处应填“学科”，即 subjects。B)根据句意和首字母的提示完成下列单词。1. He has kept a d since he was at school. It has recorded(记录) what happened each day.2.I enjoy watching football games on TV. What is you
9、r f television programme？(武汉市中考题)(答案 :1. diary 2. favorite)在句子中缺词的情况下，弄懂句子的意义是关键。解答此类题时要注意“两个确定”，即“确定单词”和“确定形式”。()读懂句意，确定单词例 1 The f day of the week is Sunday.该句意为“一周的第一天是星期天”，需要填的词的首字母是“f”，根据常识和序数词有关知识应填“第一”，故填 first。此类题还可考月份。如 :September is the n_month of the year(答案 :ninth)(二)瞻前顾后，确定形式写出单词后，还要注意分
10、析该单词是否需要变化形式。现分类说明如下 :1. 名词 一般考虑单、复数和所有格。例1 Do you like white？We have shirts of different c .根据句意，可确定单词为“color”，通过前面的shirts和different两词可确定此处应用colors。例2 September 10th is T Day.根据句意，确定单词“Teacher”，它与Day之间存在所有格关系，将Teacher变为复数，再变为所有格，应填Teachers。2. 形容调和副词 这两类词学生极易混淆，做题时应仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪类词，有时还要考虑到形容词和副词“级”的变
11、化。例1 He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout，“Stop singing！” 根据句意，此处应填形容词原级angry。例 2 On Sundays，children play h in the park.此处应填副词happily，副词修饰动词。3. 动词 动词变化形式较为复杂，一般有五种 :动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词,过去式和过去分词。可综合考查学生运用英语知识的能力。例1 Thank you very much for l me your bike.介词后动词用-ing形式，故填lending。例 2 Wh
12、en he was ten，he became i in maths.become interested in为固定词组，意为“对感兴趣”，故此处应填interested。4. 数词 注意确定用基数词还是序数词。例1 There are t months in a year.此处应用基数词twelve。例 2 December is the t month of the year.此处应填序数词twelfth。5. 代词 主要从人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词和疑问代词几方面考虑，有时还要考虑用单数还是用复数。例 1 Help y to some fish，Jim.根据句意，此处应用yo
13、urself.例 2 “Help y to some fish，please. ”Mrs Green said to the twins. 根据句意，the twins为复数，故填yourselves。6. 连词 若前后两个词或句子存在转折、因果、并列、选择等关系，一般应填连词。 例 1 She didnt go to school yesterday b she was il1.从句和主句互为因果关系，故填because。例 2 The football match still went on t it was raining heavily. 该从句为让步状语从句，故应填 though。【
14、综合能力训练】. 根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How much are these ？(tomato) 2. We finished the lesson last week. (nine) 3. He is in English. (interest) 4. Today it is a day. (sun) 5. He is enough to believe that man. (fool) 6. They carried the wounded soldier to . (safe) 7. We were very to him for his help (thank).
15、8. You must drive when its snowing heavily. (care) 9. She noticed a wallet on the ground. (lie)10. I dont know book this is. (who) 11. They often go to the Park on Sunday. (child) 12. The English often _in the concerts. (sing) 13. The girl was not born in . (German) 14. We a recorder in our English
16、Class. Its very . (use) 15. It seems that our team will . (win). 16. Will you go with me tomorrow ? (fish)17. “Why are you late for school again ?”said his teacher . (angry) 18. The is studying Russian. (science) 19. We are busy for the examination. (prepare) 20. It is even today. (bad). 根据句意填词1. Yo
17、ur English is very good. How did you learn it ?I taught . 2. Teachers Day comes at the of the new term. 3. He never goes to . He is very healthy. 4. Harbin is in the of our country.5. Mr Green is our English teacher. He is ill today and cant come to school. Miss Gao teaches us .6. Are Sue and Ann in
18、 the class ?No, they are in different classes. 7. My bike is broken. Can you it for me ? 8. July the first is our birthday. 9. Miss Yang got books on many different . 10. Germany has people than France. 根据句意及所给首字母，写出完整、正确的单词。 1. She received lots of p on her birthday. 2. We work in the d and sleep a
19、t night. 3. Class Two won the b match yesterday. 4. Please get me some hot water from the t . 5. There is a long b over the river. 6. There are many beautiful flowers in the g . 7. Fish cant live w water. 8. Ive l my pen and havent found it yet. 9. Most machines are made of m . 10. You should often
20、s the floor to keep it clean.11. Dont make any n . The baby is sleeping. 12. You must put a s on the letter before posting it. 13. The boy students are playing football on the p . 14. Would you m carrying the box for me ?15. Lets go b on the lake this afternoon. 根据句意和括号内所给汉语，在空格上填入一个适当的单词 1. I meet
21、an old friend of (我的) yesterday.2. Do you enjoy (看) story-books？ 3. Ask John if he will (借) me some money. 4. The train was behind time. So we (到达) a few hours later in Shanghai. 5. How much of your time is (花费)on sports？参考答案. 1. tomatoes 2. ninth 3. interested 4. sunny 5. foolish 6. safety 7. thank
22、ful 8. carefully 9. lying 10. whose 11. Childrens 12. singer, sings 13. German, Germany 14. use, useful 15. win 16. fishing 17. angrily 18. scientist 19. preparing 20. worse . 1. myself 2. beginning 3. hospital 4. north 5. instead 6. same 7. mend 8. Partys 9. subjects 10. more. 1. presents 2. daytim
23、e 3. basketball 4. thermos 5. bridge 6. garden 7. without8. lost 9. metal 10. sweep 11. noise 12. stamp 13. playground 14. mind 15. boating . 1. mine 2. reading 3. lend 4. arrived 5. spent 词形转换是英语测试中的常见题型之一，它主要通过考查学生对已具有的词汇及语法知识的运用来测试学生的理解能力，在一定语境中考查词汇，具有一定的综合性和灵活性。 近几年来中考题中常见的词汇题型有：一、按括号内要求写出适当形式。1
24、. luck（副词）_ （2005甘肃省）解题技巧对词类的词形变化规则要熟悉，概念要清楚，记忆要准确，联想要快捷。注意平常多练。二、单词释义。根据首字母及英文单词释义写出这个单词。2. G _showing thanks to another person.（2004黑龙江哈尔滨）解题技巧要准确理解释义的内涵。三、在下列各句的空白处填入一个适当的词，使句意完整，语法正确。3. Paul walked into the bedroom _ because his wife and baby were sleeping.（2005吉林长春）解题技巧利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析
25、和推理，便能轻而易举地猜出词义，写出单词。四、根据括号里的英文释义和首字母提示，完成下列英语句子。4. Lian Zhan a _ （get to） in Xian in April， 2005. （2005陕西省） 解题技巧看所填单词在句中所充当的成分，看所填单词前面的修饰语，看固定句式或惯用搭配，看句子其他提示词。五、根据句意及所给的汉语意思写出所缺单词。5. The book is _（值得的）reading again.（2005甘肃省）解题技巧在句中填写单词时，注意看清所填单词在句中充当的成分，看清所填单词前面的修饰语，看是否是固定句式或惯用搭配。六、根据句子意思，用括号内所给单词的
26、适当形式填空。6. The policeman helped him find his _ （miss） motorbike.（2005福建福州）解题技巧根据语法知识和构词法规则写出正确答案。七、用所给词的正确形式或根据音标填空。7. I want to know _ a writing brush is made of bamboo and animals hair.（2004黑龙江哈尔滨）解题技巧掌握常见字母组合在单词中的读音以及词形变化、转换、合成和派生词的读音，还有一些元、辅音字母在词中不发音的情况等。要注意总结、归纳和比较一些特殊的发音现象。八、语义判断。从四个选项中选出与句中划线部
27、分意思相同或相近的选项。8. -Why is the river becoming clean， Mike？-The factory has stopped pouring dirty water into it.A. has given up pouringB. didnt pourC. has gone on pouringD. has stopped to pour（2005云南昆明）解题技巧做此类题时，用词性相同的同义词、近义词或同义词组对原句的某些成分进行替换，也可运用反义词或词组改写，还可用派生词或一词多义改写，利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来代替原句中的某些成分。要始终注意时态、语态的转换。参考答案：1. luckily 2. grateful 3. quietly/ silently/ carefully4. arrived 5. worth 6. missing 7. whether 8. A