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1、-七年级英语下册Unit 4 Don27t eat in class知识点总结-第 14 页Unit 4 Dont eat in class一、 重点词组及短语1. school rules 学校规章制度17. share （sth.）with sb. 和某人分享2. break the rules 违反规章制度 18. make （up）ruler 制订规则3. fallow/keep the rules 遵守规章制度 19. learn to do sth. 学（做某事）4. arrive late for class = be late for class 上课迟到20. on scho
2、ol days在上学期间5. dining hall饭厅，餐厅21. on school nights在校期间的晚上6. in class 在课堂上22. practice (playing) the piano 练习弹钢琴7. on time准时（in time及时）23. go out外出8. eat in the classroom 在教室里吃东西 24. see friends看望朋友9. wear a hat (hats) 戴帽子25. clean (ones) room打扫房间10. listen to music 听音乐 26. do the dishes洗餐具11. schoo
3、l uniforms校服27. too many/much太多的(可数/不可数 )12. wear uniforms穿制服28. make (ones) bed铺床 13. I see我明白了29. go to bed去睡觉（be in bed 在床上）14. have to do sth. 不得不做30. think about=think of 考虑、认为15. be（keep）quiet保持安静31. be strict (with sb.) 对某人）要求严格16. according to根据，依据 32. Dont talk. = No talking.不要说话二、 知识点解析1.
4、Dont fight. 不要打架。fight作动词，意为“打架、打仗”。其过去式为fought.fight for “为而斗争”，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争。E.g. They are fighting for freedom. 他们正为自由而战。fight against “为反对而战斗”，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。E.g. They fought against the enemy. 他们和敌人作战。fight with “和打架”，“同（并肩）战斗”，后只接表示人或国家的名词。E.g. Dont fight with him. 不要和他打架。2. Ms./Mrs./Mi
5、ss.Ms.：“女士”，用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。Mrs.：“夫人”，用于已婚女子姓前。 Madam：也用于已婚女子，意为“夫人、女士”，一般单独使用，不与姓连用Miss.：“小姐”用于未婚女子姓前，还常用于年轻的女教师的姓前，可译为“老师”。3. 【辨析】 get to/reach/arrive 都表示“到达”不同点：get to+地点；reach+地点 arrive at+小地点（车站等）；arrive in+大地点（国家等）【解析】get to与地点副词（here/there/home）不用介词toE.g. I want to go to Beijing. I got
6、home at 15:00. arrive是不及物动词，后面若接地点名词则要和in/at连用，接地点副词时则不用介词。E.g. I arrived home at 15:00. = I got home at 15:00. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. reach是及物动词，后面直接接地点名词或副词。E.g. When will they reach here?4. 【辨析】意义例句on time“准时，按时”，不早不晚He always go to school on time.in time“及时”Fireman reached the house o
7、n fire in time.5. 【辨析】意义和用法例句hear “听说”，侧重于听的内容I never heard such an interesting story. Im sorry to hear that you are ill.listen“听”，侧重于听这一动作The children like to listen to music. Listen to me carefully.sound“听起来”，系动词，后接形容词It sounds interesting.That sounds great.6. 辨析take,bringtake “带走，拿走”，指把东西从说话地带到别的
8、地方。E.g. Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?bring“带来”，指把东西从别处带到说话地。E.g. Bring your homework here tomorrow, please.5. 【辨析】wear, put on, dressinwear是动词，表示“穿”，强调状态。E.g. My father wears a T-shirt today. 我爸爸今天穿着T恤衫。put on表示“穿上、戴上”，强调动作。E.g. Its cold outside, put on your coat please. 外面非常冷，
9、请穿上你的大衣。dress 作动词时，表示“为穿衣”，后接反身代词或人，也可以不接宾语。E.g. Can you dress the baby for me? The little girl can dress herself. in 表示穿着的状态，后接颜色或服装。E.g. The girl in red is my sister. The girl in hat is very beautiful.7. strict是形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”E.g. She is a strict teacher.be strict with sb. “对某人严厉”E.g. Mr. White is
10、 very strict with us. We should be strict with ourselves. be strict in (doing) sth. “对某事要求严格”E.g. Our boss is strict in our work. 8. remember “记得，记住”，是及物动词，可以直接加名词。remember sth./sb. 记得，记住某人E.g. Please remember this sentence. 请记住这个句子。remember doing sth. 记得已做过某事（已做）E.g. I remember seeing him once.reme
11、mber to do sth. 记得要去做某事（还没做）E.g. Remember to post the letter for me.反义词：forget “忘记，忘了”，用法和remember相同。9. help作动词意为“帮助”，常用的结构：help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事E.g. I often help him with his lessons.help oneself (myself/yourself/herself) to+n. 请随便用E.g. Please help yourselves to so
12、me fruit.help还可作名词，表示“帮助”，是不可数名词。E.g. Thank you for your help. 10. too many, too much与much too易混词组意义用法例句too many形容词，“太多”修饰可数名词There are too many people in the park.too much形容词，“太多”修饰不可数名词I have too much homework today.much too副词，“太，非常”修饰形容词/副词My mother is much too busy.11. either, too与also易混词意义用法例句e
13、ither都表示“也”用于否定句中，置于句末时用“，”隔开I wont go there, either.too用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing, too.also用于肯定句句中，动词前I also like English.12. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心，过得愉快”E.g. I had fun in the park last Sunday.13. be in bed “在床上、卧床”（注：in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数） E.g. He is in bed for 10 year
14、s. Dave has to be in bed early every night. 14. No talking ! “禁止交谈！” no后面加上名词或动名词doing表示不要做某事。与dont +do的用法相似。E.g. No wet umbrellas! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞No food! / Dont eat food here! 禁止吃食物 No smoking! / Dont smoke here! 禁止吸烟 15. dish 名词，意为“碟，盘”，做餐具讲时，常用复数形式，其前常加the。do the dishes =wa
15、sh the dishes，意为“清洗餐具”。 E.g. Its your turn to do the dishes today. 今天轮到你洗碗了。 dish 还可用作可数名词，意为“菜肴，一道菜”。 E.g. He likes cold dishes. 他喜欢凉菜。 【辨析】dishplate dish和plate都是“盘，碟”的意思，它们的区别在于： dish可以泛指就餐时所用的餐具，包括盘、碗、碟、杯、刀、叉等，特指较深的盘子。 E.g. Please dry the dishes and put them away. plate 指较平的盘子、碟子, 可用来盛汤，也可用来装菜。 E
16、.g. Our host was very generous, heaping a plate of food to us. 16. practice practice 作及物动词，意为“练习，训练”，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 E.g. I often practice my English in the morning. He practices playing the piano every day. practice 作名词，意为“练习，实践”，是不可数名词。 E.g. Playing the piano needs a lot of practice. Practice ma
17、kes perfect. 熟能生巧。 17. follow 动词，意为“遵循，跟随”。follow the rules 意为“遵守规则”。 E.g. You must follow the school rules. 你必须遵守学校规章制度。 【拓展】follow常见的其他用法 跟随，跟着E.g. Please follow me. Ill show you the way. 明白，领悟E.g. You are speaking too fast and we cant quite follow you. 表示“沿而行” E.g. follow the road 18. feel 作行为动词，
18、意为“觉得，认为” E.g. How do you feel today? I feel that you will win. feel 作连系动词，意为“感觉，摸起来”，其后跟形容词作表语。 E.g. I feel happy today. Your hand feels cold. 三、重点语法1. 情态动词have to的用法意思是“必须、不得不”，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。 结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他 一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用has to，其它时候用have to（过去时：无论人称和单复数都用had to）E.g. We have to wear sn
19、eakers（运动鞋）for gym class. Tom has to practice the guitar every day. I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 否定形式：主语+dont have to+动词原形+其他一般现在时：主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt have to, 其它时候用dont have to （过去时：无论人称和单复数都用didnt have to） E.g. Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. We didnt have to do our homework at once.
20、疑问句：Do, Does或Did+主语+have to +动词原形+其他 E.g. Do you have to stay at home on weekends? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night?2. 情态动词must的用法must表示说话人的主观看法，及主观上的必要性，还用于命令或愿望。只用于现在时，无人称和单数的变化。在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to的相应形式来代替must.在表示有做某一个动作的必要和义务，它的意思是“必须，应该”。E.g. You must finis
21、h your homework first.表示有很大把握的判断或者推测，意思是“一定，准是”。E.g. The tall man must be your father.以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答用neednt（不必要），不用mustnt（不允许），mustnt常用于否定句中表示“不允许，禁止”。E.g. Must I go there on foot? No, you neednt. You mustnt park your car here.3.情态动词can的用法表示能力：“会；能”， E.g. Can you play the guitar? Judy can spea
22、k a little Chinese. I can dance and sing. 表示允许、许可：“可以；能”E.g. Can the students run in the hallways（走廊）? We can eat outside. Can I come in? 【注】同样是情态动词can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中直接在can后加上not；在疑问句中把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化，而 have to 是有相应变化的。 4. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句
23、子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此有时也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。祈使句的肯定句：行为动词原形+其他E.g. Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet. 请安静。请求 Be kind to our sister. 对姐妹要和善。劝告 Watch your steps. 走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！ 小心！危险！强烈警告 Keep off the grass. 勿践草坪。禁止
24、No parking. 禁止停车。禁止以Let开头的祈使句，Let后宾语是是第一人称时，否定形式是在宾语后加not,E.g. Lets not do that again.我们别再那样做了。 如果Let 后面宾语是第三人称，否定形式是在Let前加助动词Dont,E.g. Dont let them come in.别让他们进来。祈使句的否定通常使用“Dont ”，Dont+动词原形（行为动词/be动词）+其他E.g. Dont let the dog in. Dont touch（触摸）, please. Dont be silly.祈使句有时也把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些
25、E.g. You go and tell him, Chris. Test for Unit 4一. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. We have to _ (wear) uniforms to school every day.2. Jim _ (have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to practice_ (play) the violin.4. Dont _ (bring) music players to school.5. Dont be_( noise) in the
26、 library.6. Does Jack _ (do) his homework on time?7. She _ (not like) playing basketball.8. I have to _ (get up) at six oclock.二. 选词填空。1. _ (Dont, Cant ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. Its cold outside. I _ (can, have to) put on my coat.3. This is _ (quiet, quite) an interesting b
27、ook.4. Our teacher is very _ (strict with, strict in) us.5. Dont make so much _ (noise, noisy). Dad is sleeping in the next room.6. After dinner I cant _ (relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.7. She likes_ ( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.8. Speak loudly, please! I cant _ (hear, listen to) yo
28、u clearly.三. 句型转换，每空一词。1. We cant listen to music in the room. (改为祈使句) _ _ to music in the room.2. Eat in class, please. (改为否定句) _ _ in class, please.3. They have to clean the classroom every day. (对划线部分提问) _ _ they have to _ every day?4. She has to wash clothes every week. ( 改为一般疑问句) _ she_ _wash h
29、er clothes every week?5. We must wear uniforms on Monday. （改为同义句） We _ _ wear uniforms on Monday.6. She has to get up at six oclock every morning. ( 改为否定句) She _ _ _ get up at six oclock every morning.7. I have to practice my violin on Sundays. (对划线部分提问) _ _ you have to practice your violin?8. late,
30、 cant, arrive, for, we, school（连词成句） _.9. There is one thing you can do. (改为复数形式) There _ _ _ you can do.四选择填空（20分）1. We can eat in the cafeteria. But we _ eat in the classroom. A. dont B. didnt C. cant D. arent2. When Jim goes _ the classroom the teacher is having class. A. to B. in C. out D. into3
31、. Dont forget_ me this evening. A. to call B. call C. calls D. calling4. Dont talk _ in the library. A. loud B. loudly C. low D. lowly5. I have _ rules in my home. We have _ homework to do today. A. too many, too much B. too much , many too C. too many, much too D. much too, many too6. Can your brot
32、her swim? _. A. Yes, he cant B. Yes, please . C. No, he cant D. Yes, he does7. Its raining all day, so I _ stay at home. A. must B. have to C. must to D. can8. Hes never _ class. A. arrive B. late for C. arrive late D. late9. He has to _ by 10:00 oclock. A. be in bed B. is bed C. stay bed D. lie bed
33、10. ” No_ !” says the sign. A. smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. to smoke11. Can you cook fish? _. Its easy. A. No, I cant B. Yes, I can C. Sorry, I cant D. Yes, I need12. What did Mary have _breakfast this morning? She got up late and hurried to school _ breakfast. A. for, without B. at, without C. for
34、 , after D. at, after13. Dont worry! There is _ much wrong with you. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing14. The doctor asked him to stay _ for two or three days. A. in bed B. on bed C. in the bed D . on the bed五. “译”展身手Linda is an American girl. She is a good student. Every morning she
35、 gets up at 6:00. She has breakfast at home. ( 1 ) Then she wears her uniform and goes to school. She studies hard every day. ( 2 )她在餐厅吃中饭when she is at school. After school, ( 3 )she does her homework first, and then she cleans the room and ( 4 )帮助她妈妈做晚饭. Before she goes to bed, she usually reads s
36、ome books. Then at 10:00p.m. she goes to bed. ( 5 )She thinks she is happy every day. What do you think?( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) 六. 快乐阅读：阅读下面的短文，选择正确的答案。Dear Dave,Im not happy. There are too many rules in my house. It isnt fair. I have to get up at five oclock every morning. I cant arrive late
37、for school. I have to be there at eight oclock. I have to come back home after school because I have to do my homework. In the evening I cant watch TV because I have to help my mother make dinner and wash the dishes. I have to go to bed before ten oclock. On weekends, I have to stay at home on Satur
38、day morning. I have to clean my room and wash my clothes by eleven oclock. On Saturday afternoon, I have to go to the childrens palace to learn the piano. Do you have lots of rules? Are they fair? Your friend,Alice( ) 1. Who is the letter from?A. Dave. B. Alice. C. Alices mother.( ) 2. What time does Alice have to get up? A. Five oclock. B. Eight oclock. C. Ten oclock.( ) 3. What does Alice have to do on Saturday morning? A. Wash the dishes. B. Wash her clothes. C. Learn the piano.( ) 4. Why does she go to the childrens palace? A. To play football. B. To learn math. C. To learn piano.