《教师版：2011高中英语分项突破训练·完形填空精析精练专题01 夹叙夹议(25页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《教师版：2011高中英语分项突破训练·完形填空精析精练专题01 夹叙夹议(25页).doc（25页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、-教师版：2011高中英语分项突破训练完形填空精析精练专题01 夹叙夹议-第 25 页学科网2011高考英语完形填空精析精练夹叙夹议完形填空解题指导与训练1【考点定位】 2011考纲解读和近几年考点分布近年来，夹叙夹议类文章在高考完形填空中出现的频率越来越高。此类文章题材较贴近考生生活实际，内容积极且有教育意义;结构清晰，脉络有序;以叙为主，叙议结合，叙述灵活，侧重语境。解答夹叙夹议类完形填空题时，思维要灵活，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。高考完形填空的选材多为夹叙夹议的文章。文章较易读懂，所设选项多为基础题。每个空都需要考生逾越句子甚至段落，联系上下文语境和词汇的具体意义进行理解
2、和推断，才能得出正确答案。题材广泛，涉及的内容丰，重点考查实词，兼顾虚词。夹叙夹议完形填空多知识性强，趣味性浓厚。根据近此年的高考英语完形填空题的命题特点，预测2011年的完形填空题所选用的材料将更加贴近考生生活实际，内容更加积极、时尚，融知识性、教育性和趣味性为一体。选用材料的难度仍将保持适中，英语语言难度略低于同等水平要求的阅读理解试题，但会更加强调语篇分析和理解的连贯性。【考点pk】 名师考点透析解题技巧 一、抓首尾句，打开通道，启示全文根据分析可以看出，完形填空题近年大都以记叙文和夹叙夹议型体裁为主，特别是夹叙夹议体裁更为流传，而夹叙夹议中的议论部分是考生难点。夹叙夹议就是一方面叙述某
3、一事情，一方面又对此事加以分析与评论。这种表达方式中的叙与议是一个有机的整体，“叙”是“议”的基础，即议论不能脱离记叙，必须在记叙的基础上展开；“议”是“叙”的渗透，即议论在记叙的基础上发表，且要有一定的深度与广度。 完形填空所给文章内容不连贯，文章文字和语言结构并不十分复杂，但因记叙内容在情节上并不直接相关，时间跨度大，所选内容干扰性强，因此难度有很大提高。但是短文一般不给标题，首句及尾句一般不设空，这就给考生提供了抓住开篇启示和概括总结全文大意的机会，必须认真理解短文第一句和结尾句。并据此来判断文章的体裁、题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断故事发生的人物、时间、地点、气氛等多方面的信息。所以
4、考生首先要通读全文，了解文章的内容、中心思想及文章结构，从整体上感知全文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件。如果忽略了首句，就会对下文出现的情节感到突然、不可理解。所以研读材料的首句至关主要。二、速读全文，了解大意快速通读全文，掌握短文大意。借助首、尾句给予的启示， 快速地把短文从头至尾通读一至二遍，要跳过空格，不陷在一空一格里，着重从全局了解大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见一个空就填一个空，将无法从整体上把握全文概要，造成顾此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。所以，只有通过第一遍通读才能把握全局，理清思路，抓住主线，这样才能使思路朝着正确的方向发展，为下一步选择答案做好准备、
5、打好基础。 三、 综合考虑，逐项填空值得强调是完形填空不同于句子与结构，必须要从整篇文章入手，通篇考虑。有些题从单纯的句子来考虑，我们会发现四个选项均可以入选，但从上下文的线索入手，就能迅速排除其它三个，找到正确答案，特别是有的答案暗含在下文，或直接或间接，只要耐心看下去，根据内容即能做出正确答案。从某种意义上来说，“综合考虑，寻找线索”不仅可以考察考生的语言知识，而且更强调对文章内容的整体把握。这时还应注意文章的前后呼应和对比。有的题目好像几个选项都可以，其实正确的答案上下文已有暗示或明示；在整个做题过程中一定要牢记文章的中心思想，把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，文章最前面的空
6、格提出的问题很有可能要到文章的结尾才能找到答案。四、上下连贯，合乎逻辑这是从句子结构来考虑的。例如：一个空白在两个句子之间，就要根据上下文的语境和上下文的关系，选用并列连词and,but, or, however, therefore,while, for 等连接两个并列句；或用who, which, that, whose, whom, when, where, why 等关系代词和关系副词连接定语从句，或用 whoever, whatever，what, who， when， where, how,why，if, whether,that 等连接词连接名词性从句，或用when, where
7、, because, unless, though, even if, so that 等从属连词连接各种状语从句。如果我们能根据它们的基本用法和彼此间的区别，填上所选词后使句子的意思和结构都完整，上下连贯，符合行文逻辑，那么，最佳答案也就显而易见。 上下文语境包括选择项与所在句子中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。 五、复读全文，调整答案全部答案选定后，文章完整了，应再从头至尾读一遍。根据复读的语感和对全篇文章的理解，再次将不合题意的答案调整或修改。检查文章是否前后贯通，内容清楚，主题突出；语法是否符合句型结
8、构；特别是上下文逻辑关系是否一致，句子是否流畅。如有些地方意义模糊或矛盾，就应该依据文章中心意思来重新考虑。凡不通之处，必有待推敲的疑点，应从意义、语法、行文逻辑等方面仔细权衡，加以改正。例如：从语法上，检查一下所完成的句子是否主谓一致；时态、语态是否正确；名词、代词的性、格是否一致；动词、名词、形容词与介词或副词等的搭配是否准确无误。对于个别难度较大的空项，可以凭着自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择的答案。要再花一两分钟，把所选答案代入空格，复读全文，核对文意，验证词汇、，全文是否紧凑且浑然一体，同时把自己认为错误的答案改正过来。总之，应尽量争取对短文有一个“全景式”的总体把握。【精选试题】 精析
9、精练(2010北京市海淀区高三第二学期期中练习)I believe in miracles(奇迹)because Ive seen so many of themOne day，a patient was referred to me who was one hundred and two years old“Theres a 36 in my upper jaw，”she said“I told my own dentist its nothing，but he 37 I come to see you”Her eighty-year-old son accompanied herHe wo
10、uld 38 to add something，but she stopped himShe wanted to tell everything herselfI found a large cancer that spread over much of the39 of her mouthA careful examination later 40 that it was a particularly bad sort of cancerDuring her next appointment，I explained to her the 41 of the problem She clasp
11、ed myhand in hers and said，“I know youre worried about me，but Im just 42 ”I thought otherwiseAfter considerable 43 on my part，and kindness on her part because she wanted to 44 me，she agreed to have me refer her to a cancer surgeonShe saw him，but as I expected， 45 treatmentAbout six months later she
12、returned to my office，still energetic and 46 “How are you?”I asked“Im just fine，honey，”she responded 47 high spirits“When can I get stared on fixingmy dentures(假牙)?”Surprised to see her at all，I answered 48 ，“Let me take a look in your mouth and wellsee about it. ”I couldnt believe my eyesThe cancer
13、 that had 49 nearly the entire roof of her mouth was goneonly one small area of redness 50 I had read of such things happening，but had 51 seen them with my own eyesThat was my first miracleSince then Ive seen many others，because they keep getting 52 to seeIn fact，miracles are daily events for me now
14、And people are n miracle， 53 through them we have a chance to know ourselves and to 54 the miracles of one anotherSince my first miracle，Ive come to understand that the time and place for a miracle is 55 we choose to find it36Acut Bpain Cwound Dcancer37Adeclared Bsuspected Cpromised Dinsisted38Arefu
15、se Bcontinue Cattempt Dmanage39Aroof Bcoiner Cbottom Dsurface40Aconfirmed Bconvinced Cconsidered Dconcluded41Apossibility Bimportance Cseriousness Dresolution42Aold Bsick Cfine Dglad43Apermission Bsupport Capproval Deffort44Apersuade Bplease Cencourage Dastonish45Adeclined Bprovided Creceived Drequi
16、red46Ahealthy Belegant Coptimistic Dhumorous47Ato Bin Cwith Dby48Aworriedly Bconfusedly Cpatiently Dconfidently49Acovered Breached Cspread Dgrown50Acured Bfaded Cexpanded Dremained51Aever Balso Cnever Dalready52Aeasier Brarer Chappier Dcloser53Aor Bso Cyet Dfor54Aread Bmake Ckeep Dsee55Awhatever Bwh
17、erever Cwhoever Dwhichever【文章大意】作者作为一名医生经历了一些事情，这些事情使他有感而发：奇迹就像是生活时事一样。其实人就是一个奇迹，因为通过他们，我们有机会认识我们自己，同时还可以看到其他人的奇迹。36【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知，这位老人的上颚有点疼，pain是“疼痛”的意思。37【答案】D【解析】句意为：尽管我对我的牙医说没事的，但是他还是坚持让我过来你这里看看。insist是“坚持的意思。38【答案】C【解析】陪她来的80岁的儿子试图想补充点什么。attempt是“试图”的意思，其他选项不符合文意。39【答案】A【解析】我发现在她的上颚处有一个扩散了的肿瘤
18、，“the roof of the mouth”意思是“上颚”，所以用roof。40【答案】A【解析】经过一系列仔细的检查后，我确信那是一个恶性肿瘤。confirm是“确定、确信”的意思。41【答案】C【解析】in high spirits是固定短语，“精神很好的意思。句意为：“我挺好的，宝贝。”她精神倍加地回答我。48【答案】B【解析】根据上下文可知，看蓟她我很惊讶，也很困惑。49【答案】A【解析】我简直不敢相信我的眼睛，原先覆盖她整个上颚的那块严重肿瘤不见了。cover是“覆盖的意思。50【答案】D【解析】根据下文可知，只留下一小块发红的地方。remain是“剩下”的意思。51【答案】C【
19、解析】句意为：我在报纸上看过这样的事，但是还没有亲眼见过。根据句意可知应该选择never。52【答案】A【解析】作者有过这样的经历，就会留意生活中发生的奇迹。所以从那以后“我见过很多其他的奇迹，因为它们越来越容易被发现。5 3【答案】D【解析】其实人就是一个奇迹，因为通过他们，我们有机会认识我们自己。for有“因为”的意思。54【答案】D【解析】我们有机会认识我们自己，同时还可以看到其他人的奇迹。55【答案】B【解析】我开始明白，只要我们想发现奇迹，无论何时何地，我们都能发现它。（2010北京市东城区高三综合练习(二)）It was in my high school science clas
20、s. I was doing a task in front of the classroom with my favorite shirt on.A 36 came,“Nice shirt,”I smiled from ear to ear. Then another voice said,“That shirt belonged to my dad. Gregs mother works for my family. We were going to 37 that shirt away, but gave it to her 38 .”I was speechless. I wanted
21、 to hide.I 39 the shirt in the back of the closet and told my mum what had happened. She then dialed her 40 , “I will no longer work for your family,”she told him. That night, Mom told my dad that she couldnt clean anymore; she knew her lifes 41 was something greater.The next morning she 42 with the
22、 personnel manager at the Board of Eeucation. He told her that without a proper education she could not teach. So mom decided to 43 a university.After the first year in college, she went back to the personnel manager. He said, “You are 44 , arent you? I think I have a 45 for you as a teachers assist
23、ant. This opportunity deals with children who are mentally challenged with little or no chance of 46 .” Mom accepted the opportunity very 47 .For almost five years, as a teachers assistant, she saw teacher after teacher give up on the children and quit, feeling 48 . then one day, the personnel manag
24、er and the principal 49 in her classroom. The principal said, “We have watched how you 50 the children and how they communicate with you and admire your hard working 51 over the last five years. We are all in agreement that you 52 be the teacher of this class.”My mom spent more than 20 years there.
25、53 her career, she was voted Teacher of the Year. All of this came about because of the 54 comment made in the classroom that day. Mom showed me how to handle 55 situations and never give up.36AnoiseBvoiceCsoundDtune37AgetBtakeCcarryDthrow38AotherwiseBanyhowCinsteadDactually39AsettledBpushedCstoredD
26、stuck40AteacherBemployerCdirectorDadviser41ApurposeBencouragementCachievementDvictory42AwentBmetCworkedDstayed43AvisitBcontinueCattendDprepare44AseriousBfortunateCcarefulDresponsible45AcareerBdutyCpositionDpart46AlearningBjudgingCobeyingDimagining47ApatientlyBeagerlyCsuccessfullyDskillfully48AupsetB
27、frightenedCguiltyDashamed49Alooked upBwent upCtook upDshowed up50AbelieveBprotectCtreatDreceive51AspiritBintentionCactionDattempt52AmustBwouldCmightDshould53AAtBDuringCOnDWith54AworthlessBthoughtlessChopelessDhelpless55AchallengingBdifferentCdangerousDstrange【文章大意】因为作者在同学面前受到嘲笑这件事情，改变了作者母亲的一生，由一个普通的
28、家庭清洁工转变成了一个很有作为的老师。故事告诉我们，面对问题，要永不放弃。36【答案】B【解析】当我在教室前面完成一项任务的时候，听到一个声音。37【答案】D【解析】前面的一个同学说这件衬衫很好，而后面的同学说那件衣服本来是他们家想要扔掉的，throw away意思是“扔掉。38【答案】C【解析】根据上文可知，这件衬衫本来是要扔掉的，却没有扔掉，而是给了作者的母亲。39【答案】D【解析】回到家之后，我把这件衣服放在橱子的最里面。sticksth inthrough sth是“随手将某物戳进放进某物中的意思。本题难。40【答案】B【解析】作者的母亲随后就打电话给她的雇主，告诉他们以后她不会再为他
29、们家工作了。41【答案】A【解析】purpose目的；encouragement鼓舞；achievement成就；victory成功。句意为：妈妈告诉爸爸，她以后再也不从事打扫工作，她人生的意义应该在某件更重大的事情上。所以，本题应该选择A项。42【答案】B【解析】第二天早上，妈妈就去见学校委员会的人事主管。meet with是“和会面”的意思。43【答案】C【解析】人事主管告诉妈妈，没有接受正式的教育是不能做老师的，因此妈妈决定上大学。attend schooluniversity意思是上学。【解析】serious严肃、认真的；。fortunate幸运的；careful细心的；respons
30、ible有责任51【答案】A【解析】我们很敬佩你努力工作的精神。spirit是“精神”的意思，其他选项不合文意。52【答案】D【解析】我们一致同意，你应该成为这个班的老师。53【答案】B【解析】在她的职业生涯中，她曾被选为年度突出的老师。during是介词，在期间。54【答案】B【解析】从上文可知，作者妈妈能有这样的成果，完全是因为那个学生说过的话，而那个学生说这话的时候是毫不考虑的，所以用thoughtless。55【答案】A【解析】妈妈的经历让我明白如何去处理些困难的情况，并且永远不放弃。（2010南京市高三第二次模拟考试）After winning a big game，athletes
31、 are often asked how they feelUsually athletes say how 36 it is to win this big gameOn the contrary，the fact is that losing a big game，or in my case，all the games，can be even harderFrom the spectators point of view，last years basketball 37 for my high school team was nothing 38 of an embarrassmentAn
32、d 39 0 and 20 is certainly nothing to be proud of，that season had a bigger impact on me than any otherAs a team captain，I knew it probably wouldnt be the 40 year，but did I ever think we would lose every game？Of course notSince six of our top players had graduated，it was clear that we were a (n) 41 t
33、eam who would struggleThe struggle began earlier than expected， 42 ，as our team center was suspended (禁赛) for the season，and two key members decided to 43 for some reasonAt this point，dropping out probably passed through every players mind，but in the end，we all stuck if out， 44 to work still harderT
34、hen there came a time when even our 45 and given up on usPersonally，I felt like it was 46 worthwhile giving my allI thought，if even the coach doesnt believe in us，whyshould I？But just as my hope began to 47 ，a teammate called a meetingHe said，“Nobody thinks we are going to win，but，as teammates and f
35、riends，we 48 it to each other to go all out every game”It was that moment that 49 me how to be a leaderIt hit me that I certainly didnt 50 the roleAs a leader you can never quit 51 the team who looks up to youIt is one 52 to be named captain，feel great and go through the motions，but it is quite anot
36、her to be a real captain and make sure everyone realizes their full 53 all the timeI am sure it is great to go through without losing and bringing home awardsBut in all honesty，I 54 the fact that my team lost every game last yearIt may not help me to become a better basketball player，but it already
37、has made me a better leader，and 55 36AexcitingBpleasantCtoughDsignificant37AgameBevent CleagueDseason38AshortBfullClackingDsufficient39AasBwhileCsinceDnow that40Amost interestingBdullestCmost difficultDeasiest41AuniqueBadventurousCyoungDuntrained42AmeanwhileBthoughCinsteadDsomehow43AquitBstayCresign
38、Drest44AhopingBswearingCclaimingDwishing45AfansBclassmatesCsponsorDcoach46Aonly tooBmore thanCnot a littleDno longer47AfadeBgainCdestroyDgrow48AoweBthinkCdemandDrecommend49AremindedBtoldCtaughtDguided50AactBdeserveCplayDtake来51AwithBalongsideConDfor52AmatterBaspectCissueDthing53ApotentialBgoalCenthu
39、siasmDconfidence54AhateBtreasureCadmitDrecognize55AcharacterBcaptainCpersonDfigure【文章大意】本文主要是作者从篮球比赛失败中的有感而发。36【答案】C【解析】句意为：通常运动员会说赢得这场大的比赛有多难。根据下一句中的even harder也可判断此处应该用tough。37【答案】D【解析】根据下面一句中的内容可知是篮球赛季。38【答案】A【解析】句意为：从观众的角度来看，去年的篮球赛季对于我的、高中球队来说简直就是尴尬的事。short of是缺少、短缺的意思。39【答案】B【解析】句意为：虽然0和20是绝对没有
40、什么可骄傲的，但那个赛季对我而言有更大的影响。while是虽然的意思，其他选项不符合文意。40【答案】D【解析】作为队长，我知道它大概也不会是最容易的一年，但我没有想到我们会失去每场比赛。41【答案】C【解析】根据前半句的内容可知答案为C。本句句意为：由于我们的顶尖选手有6人毕业，很显然我们是一支将会努力奋斗的年一轻球队。42【答案】B【解析】不过这场斗争比预期的要早，因为我们球队的首发中锋在本赛季被禁赛了，though位于句中表示转折，意思是但是、不过。43【答案】A【解析】根据前半句可知，两个主要成员决定辞职、放弃。quit是放弃的意思。44【答案】B【解析】根据上下文可知，最后我们都坚持
41、，发誓要更努力地工作。swear是“发誓的意思。45【答案】D【解析】根据下文可知是教练放弃我们。句意为：有那么一段时期，甚至连我们的教练都放弃了我们。46【答案】D【解析】就个人而言，我感觉它已不再值得我付出一切。no longer是“不再的意思。47【答案】A48【答案】A【解析】队友说的意思是：没有人认为我们会赢，但作为队友和朋友，我们有责任每一场比赛都彼此为对方付出全力。owe something to somebody意思是欠某人某物。49【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知：那一刻教会我如何成为领导者。50【答案】B【解析】句意为：这件事情打击了我，我根本不配做一个领导。deserve是
42、“值得的”意思。51-C【解析】作为一个领导者，你永远不能和尊敬你的队友一起放弃、退出。52【答案】D【解析】被叫做大队长，感觉很棒或是经历各种情感只是一方面。53【答案】A【解析】但一个真正的队长，确保每个人一直能意识到他们的潜能则是更重要的另一方面。potential是潜能的意思。54【答案】B【解析】根据后面的内容可知，我很珍惜我们输掉每场比赛这个事实。55【答案】C【解析】文章最后一句话的意思是：比赛输了可能没有帮助我成为一个更好的篮球运动员，但它已经让我成为一个更好的领导者和一个更好的人。(江苏省南通市2010届高三第一次模拟考试(英语)A mother and daughter l
43、iving in my community are two of the most unfriendly people I have ever come across in my life. They are totally separated, mixing with 36 . As they drive past 37 they keep their eyes looking away and make no sign of acknowledgement. The only fame they have is making a nuisance (讨厌的人) of themselves
44、to the local police station by 38 music played too loud, dogs barking more than once a day and any other petty 39 gripe (把柄).On moving into this neighborhood, I was 40 of these two but decided I would make up my own mind. This proved quite a 41 to me as more than once either the mother or the daughter would knock on my door and blast (猛烈抨击) me with some 42 or other.I 43 answered politely and made sure I 44 as they went past my place and also made the effort now and th