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1、-延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用-第 2 页延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用 有一些动词是瞬间动词，也叫非延续性动词，这些动词一发生就结束了，常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, leave,begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。这些动词虽然可以用于现在完成时（说明某个动作的结果还存在），但由于它们不能延续，因此不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用。 e.g. Jim has come back. (正) Jim has come backfor a month.
2、(误) come back的动作不能延续一个月，因此错误。 瞬间动词不可以用于有段时间的现在完成时态中，因此，若要解决这一问题，就应把它改为相应的延续性动词或短语，主要有以下几种：用相应的延续性动词如：buy have borrow keep come/go/become be put on wear catch a cold have a cold 转换成be+名词如： join be a member ofgo to school be a student转换成be+形容词或副词如：die be dead leave be away begin be onfinish be over fa
3、ll asleep be asleep open be open get up be up close be closed转换成be+介词短语如：come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach be in/atjoin the army be in the army(军队)e.g. I have borrowed the book. I have kept the bookfor two days. Jim has joined the band. Jim has been a member of the bandfor a month. His grand
4、father has died. His grandfather has been deadfor 2 years. My father has arrived in China.My father has been in Chinafor a week. 在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以与时间段连用。e.g.I havent borrowed books from the librarysince last year.自去年以来我就没有在图书馆借过书。 Jim hasnt come backfor a year.吉姆已有一年没回来了。 现在完成时的几种常见的句型转换。现在完成时可以转化成一般过
5、去时，还可以转化成“It is/has been +时间段+since从句(用一般过去时)”等句型。e.g. Jim has been back for a month.= Jim came back a month ago.= It is/has been a month since Jim came back.= A month has passed since Jim came back. I have kept the book for two days.= I borrowed the book two days ago.= It is / has been two days since I borrowed the book.= Two days has passed since I borrowed the book.