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1、-形容词和副词的三个比较等级：同级比较、比较级和最高级。-第 5 页形容词和副词的三个比较等级：同级比较、比较级和最高级。1. “(not) as (so)+ a(n) + N.+ adj. + as .”This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另外一个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸，我也能。2. ”A is as much + N + as B is .” 【此句型意为“和同样”。“as muchas（be）”的 be 通常省略或放句末。To eat too much is
2、as mucha bad thingasto eat nothing.（吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。）He isas mucha member of the orchestraasTom. （他和汤姆同样是管絃乐队的成员。）3.not so muchas 【此句型强调的是第二个as后面的成分。可译为：与其说.不如说.。相当於“rather than”。】He isnot so mucha writerasa scholar. 与其说他是作家倒不如说他是学者。The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you thin
3、gs as to teach you the art of learning.学校教育的最大用处，与其说是教你事物，不如说是教你学习的方法。4. . as . as one canOur teacher explained the lesson to us as clearly as he could. 我们的老师尽可能清楚地为我们解释这一课。You should be as careful as you can in making friends. 在交朋友方面，你应该尽可能小心。5.asas句型还可以用来比较一个事物或一个人的两个不同的特征，表示两个特征同时存在，具有bothand的含义，
4、可译成：既又。例如：Thelandlordwasasgreedyascruel这个地主既贪婪又残忍。Itisasyourfaultasyourwifes这既是你的错误也是你妻子的错误。6. A is to B what C is to DThe people is to the Partys armywhat/aswater is to fish. 人民的军队离不开人民，就象鱼离不开水。Leaves do for plantswhat/aslungs do for animals. 叶子对于植物的作用，正如肺对于动物的作用一样。7 AsXistoY，soisAtoB：这个句型表示A与B之间的关
5、系就像X与Y之间的关系，以人们所熟知的两个事物之间的关系说明一个不被熟知或被忽视的两事物之间的关系，是一种类比，可译成：A对于B，犹如X对于Y。例如：Asthehouseistotheman，soisthenesttothebird鸟巢对于鸟的作用，就像房屋对于人的作用。Asfoodistothebody，soisreadingtothemind读书对于人的思想的作用，犹如食物对于人体的作用。8moreAthanB：表示与notso muchas类似的含义，肯定的是A，而在一定程度上否定B。可译成：与其说是B，还不如说是A。例如：Heismorebravethanwise他有勇无谋。Thech
6、ildwasmorefrightenedthanhurt这孩子吓坏了，而没有受伤。9 morethan名词形容词分词：表示内容超出了后面词语所表达的范围，可译成不只于，超过，极其。例如：Ifyoutellyourfatherwhatyouvedone，hellbemorethanalittleangry如果你告诉你父亲你都做了些什么，他会非常生气。Imorethansawit；Itouchedittoo！我何止看见了，我还摸了摸它！Weweremorethanhappytohearofyourreturn听说你回来了，我们极其高兴。10aslikelyasnot：该结构并无否定含义，表示很可能
7、之意，而且语气强烈。例如：Hewillsucceedaslikelyasnot他很可能会成功。类似的用法还有：asoftenasnot，moreoftenthannot，表示经常、往往之意。再如：Asoftenasnotthebusesarelateinpeakhours公交车往往在高峰时间晚点。Moreoftenthannotconservativepeoplelookbackwardratherthanforward保守的人们往往不是向前看，而是往后看。Hecomestoworkearlymoreoftenthannot他经常很早就来上班。11比较级句型表示最高级的含义1)、直接使用比较级
8、 How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard a better voice. = She has the best voice Ive ever heard. 她唱得多好啊！这是我听到的最美的歌喉。 I have never read a more interesting novel. = It is the most interesting novel Ive ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的小说。2)、比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词/ + any other + 单数名词/ + any of the other +
9、 复数名词She goes to school earlier than the other girls. 她比其他女孩早上学。 He works harder than any other student. 她学习最用功。 China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia. 中国是亚洲最大的国家3)、比较级 + than + anything/ anyone else George did more work than anyone else. 乔治干活最多。 Tom cared more for money than for a
10、nything else 汤姆最喜欢钱。4)、在比较句型中使用 no, nobody, nothing 等词。 I like nothing better than swimming. 我最喜欢游泳。 Nobody can do the work better than he did. 这项工作他做得最出色。 No other building is as grand as the new hotel. 新建的宾馆是当地最豪华的。12the + 比较级，the + 比较级，意思是越越；以及比较级 + and + 比较级意思是越来越，等。The more he flatters me,the l
11、ess I like him.他越是迎合我，我越不喜欢他。The higher the mountain is, the more people like to climb it; the more dangerous the mountain is, the more they wish to conquer it.山越高，人越想爬；山越危险，人越想征服它。这种句型常用省略说法：The sooner, the better.越快越好。 More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。13.“the last不定式/形容词从句”。意思是“最不大可能的、最不适的”。Money is
12、the last thing he wants, and you wont succeed by offering it. 他决不要钱，你想用钱去买动他是决不可能的。14 No sooner had I opened the cage than the little bird flew out.=Scarcely(Hardly) had I opened the cage before (when ) the little bird flew out.我一开笼小鸟就飞出去了。15 “anything but”、“nothing but”和 “all but”英语中，“anything but”
13、=never,“ nothing but”=only, “all but”=almost, nearlyHe is anything but a scientist.他决不是科学家。I am nothing but a student.我不过是个学生。He is all but a fool.他几乎是个傻瓜。16. prior、superior 、inferior 、senior 和junior 表示比较时后面用“to”不用“than”“prior to”意思是早于，比重要； “superior to”意思是优于，高于；“inferior to”意思是次于 ； “senior to ”意思是年
14、长于，地位高于；“junior to”意思是年幼于，地位低于，迟于。The task is prior to all others.这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。These apples are inferior in flavor to those. 这些苹果的味道不如那些。He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。17. 比较和倍数的表达方法：在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时，常用如下表达方式：（1）“倍数asadjadv（原级） as”,在两个as之间可用many（
15、修饰可数名词），much（修饰不可数名词）和其它相应的词。This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.（2）“倍数adjadv（比较级）than”Your classroom isfour timeslarger than ours（3）“倍数the size heightlength weight width /depthofthe名词”。.Your classroom isfive timesthe size of ours如：“你们的教室比我们的教室大四倍（是我们教室的五倍大）”可分别译作：（1） Your classroom isfour timeslarger than ours=Your classroom isfive timesas large as ours=Your classroom isfive timesthe size of ours(2).This square is twice the size of that one. =This square is twice as large as that one. =This square is once larger than that one.