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1、祈使句（Imperatives） 祈使句是用来表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止的句子。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化，句末用句点或者感叹号，读时用降调，在祈使句的句首或者句末加上please，以使语气更加委婉客气。祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。（2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Lets + 动词原形 Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。辨析
2、：lets与let uslets 是包括讲话者的谈话对象在内。Lets try it again.让我们(一起)再试试吧。let us不包括讲话者的谈话对象在内。Let us try it again. 让我们(自己)再试试吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Dont + 动词原形 Dont stand up. 别站起来。 Dont be careless. 别粗心。 Dont let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（2）Lets ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Lets not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 L
3、et them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 Never+动词原形+其他。 Never be late for school.上学从来不要迟到。 有些祈使句可用no开头，用来表示禁止。 No smoking！禁止吸烟！3.祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或wont you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Dont be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以lets
4、开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？4. 祈使句的回答因为祈使句通常表示将来要发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或者wont。Dont forget to do your homework.不要忘记做你的作业。I wont. 我不
5、会忘记的。随堂练习：一、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont4. Please help me carry it,
6、 _? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. _ me the
7、truth, or Ill be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Dont you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims二、句型转换11. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） _ _ again m
8、ore slowly, please.12. If you dont listen to me, Ill go. （改为同义句） _ _ me, or Ill go.13. Lets watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Lets watch the sports games, _ _?14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_ _careless, please.15. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_ _ next to Nanc
9、y.16. Dont forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Dont forget to turn off the lights, _ _?17. If you move, youll die. （改为同义句）_ _, or youll die.18. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _?19. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子）This is a _ _.20. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子）Lets go and help
10、 the _ _, please.参考答案：1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB11. Read it 12. Listen to 13. shall we 14. Dont be 15. Dont sit16. will you 17. Dont move 18. will / wont you 19. broken glass / cup 20. crying girl感叹句（Exclamations） 感叹句是用来表达说话人对某人、某物或某件事表示赞美、惊讶、喜悦、气愤或悲哀等语气的句子，这类句子有强烈的感情，句尾用感叹号。感叹句通常由how或what引出。如果对句子中的名词或名
11、词词组表示感叹，用what引出。 What+a/an+adj.+单数名词+主语+谓语（+其他成分）！其中主语和谓语可以省略。What an interesting book (it is)!多有趣的一本书啊！ What+ adj.+名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语（+其他成分）！其中主语和谓语可以省略。 What beautiful flowers (they are)!多漂亮的花啊！如果对句子中的形容词、副词或动词表示感叹，用how引导。 How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语（+其他成分）！ How hard the people are working!这些人们工作多努力啊！ How+主
12、语+谓语！ How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！随堂练习：一：将下列的陈述句变成感叹句：1.Itisquiteanicepresent. nicepresent!2.Wehavefineweathertoday._weatherwehavetoday!3.Itssunnytoday._sunnydayitistoday!4.Thechildrenareworkinghard._ thechildrenareworking!5.Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully._sheplayedbasketball!6.Heisgoodatsinging._hesing
13、s!7.Hewasdoingwellindancing._a_dancerhewas!8.Theyhaveawonderfultime._ _ _ _ theyhave!9.Thefishisverylovely._thefishis!10.Theyliveahappylifetoday._ _lifetheylive!二单项选择。()1._finetheweatheris!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()2._weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine()3_badtheweatheris!AHowB
14、WhatCWhataDHowa()4._interestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Whata()5._excitingfilmwesawyesterday!A.WhataB.HowaC.HowanD.Whatan()6_excitingnewsyoutoldme!A.HowB.WhatanC.WhatD.Whata()7._greatfuntheyhad!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()8.Didyouandyourfriendsridebikestothebeachyesterday?Yeah._wehad.A.HowafunB.
15、WhatafunC.HowfunD.Whatfun()9._goodtimewearehaving!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()10._funplaceShanghaiis!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()11._happylifetheoldlive!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()12._bluetheskyis!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()13._itistoday!AHowcoldBWhatcoldCHowacoldDWhatacold()14._dayitis!Itsrainyagain.A.Ho
16、wbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine()15-_hotitistoday!Letsgoswimming.Goodidea.A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What()16._thesunshineis!A.WhatabrightB.HowabrightC.HowbrightD.whatbright()17._hewrites.AHowgoodBHowwellC.WhatgoodD.Whatwell()18._hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan()19._usefulworktheyhavedone!A.What
17、B.HowC.WhataD.Whatan()20._itisraining!AHowheavilyBWhatheavyCHowheavyDWhatheavily()21._expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan()22._girlsheis!A.WhatcleveraB.HowacleverC.HowcleveraD.Whatclever()23._carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.Howmuch()24._nicepictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan()25.Whichistrue?AHowtallthebuildingsare!BWhattallthebuildingsare!CHowtallbuildingstheyare!Dwhatatallbuildingstheyare!()26-_aniceday!-_.A.HowSoisitB.WhatSoisitC.Whatsoitis