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1、-名词解释 天商国贸金融 国际结算 international settlement 小条-第 5 页1、correspondent bank 代理行是与另一家银行有着直接的或友好的服务关系的一家银行2、Nestro and Vostro account往来本国银行在外国银行开立的往来账户，在本国银行看来，称为“往账”.外国银行在本国银行开立的往来账户，在本国银行看来，称为“来账”，3、Holder in due course合法持有人，拥有完整的票据权利。具备条件：（1）他是善意的取得票据；（2）所持票据是完整而合格的；（3）在他成为持票人时票据没有过期；（4）如果票据曾遭退票，他不知悉。4
2、、Holder for value付对价持票人：持有已经付过对价的票据持有人指本人未付对价，而是由其前手支付对价5、 Dishonour拒付/退票。持票人提示汇票要求承兑时，遭到拒绝而不获承兑，或持票人提示汇票要求付款时，遭到拒绝而不获付款。6、Acceptance for honor supra protest参加承兑：当票据提示给付款人被拒绝承兑时，在持票人同意下，参加承兑人作为参加承兑行为，由他在票据上批注“参加承兑”字样和签名、日期。7、 Payment for honor supra protest参加付款因拒绝付款而退票并已作成拒绝付款证书的情况下，非票据债务人可以参加支付汇票票款
3、。参加付款者要出具书面声明，表示愿意参加付款，说明被参加付款人的名称，并由公证人证明8. Promissory Note 本票一个人向另一个人签发的，保证即期或定期或在可以确定的将来的时间，对某人或其指定人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件书面承诺。9. Crossed checks支票的划线实际上是出票人或持票人指示付款银行只能将资金入银行账户的指示。因此，划线支票不能在付款银行取现，必须由代收行向付款行提示付款。10、direct/indirect bill：(1) Direct bill:It is a bill on which the place of acceptance is the
4、same one as the place of payment.(2) Indirect bill:It is a bill on which the place of acceptance is not the same one as the place of payment.11、domestic/foreign bill：(1) Inland bill/domestic bill:It is a bill drawn and payable in the same country.(2) Foreign bill:It is a bill drawn and payable in an
5、other country.18.name of the payee(抬头)12、T/T:电汇：电汇是汇款人将一定款项交存汇款银行，汇款银行通过电报或电传给目的地的分行或代理行（汇入行），指示汇入行向收款人支付一定金额的一种汇款方式。13、Payment in advance提前付款:在卖家发货前付款。比较普遍的是支付一定比例，即首付。先款一般出现在金额小或者特别的交易中，买家承担延迟发货或无货的风险14、open account赊销是以信用为基础的销售，卖方与买方签订购货协议后，卖方让买方取走货物，而买方按照协议在规定日期付款或分期付款形式付清货款的过程。15.collection托收：出口
6、人在货物装运后，开具以进口方为付款人的汇票，委托出口地银行通过它在进口地的分行或代理行代出口人收取货款一种结算方式。16. The case of need需要时代理人就是委托人指定的代表。他在汇票遭到拒绝承兑和/或拒绝付款时充当需要时的代理人。其权利应在托收委托书上有明确而充分的规定。17、Outward collection出口托收 is a collection business in which a bank acting as a remitting bank sends collection items to a collecting bank to get payments fr
7、om the drawees.18、Inward collection 进口代收is a collection business in which a bank acting as a collecting bank presents the collection items received from a remitting bank to the drawees,collects payments from them and remits the proceeds to the remitting bank.19. Bill purchased托收出口押汇由托收行买入出口商开立的以进口商为
8、付款人的汇票及随附的商业单据，从汇票金额中扣除利息及费用后，将净款付给出口商。20. Trust receipt信托收据银行对进口商的融通允许进口商在付款前开立T/R交给代收行，凭以借出货运单据先行提货，以便出售，待售得货款后偿还代收行，换回信托收据。21、Responsibilities of parties involved in a documentary credit 通知行的权利和责任为：（1）有权决定是否接受开证行关于通知信用证或修改的委托；（2）告知义务；（3）有权收取通知费或因通知而产生的其他费用保兑行（1）对不可撤销信用证加具保兑后，就成为第一付款人。（2）保兑行付款后只能向
9、开证行索偿，如果开证行倒闭或无理拒付，无权向受益人或其他前手追索票款。（3）保兑行有权拒收有不符点的单据，但须向受益人声明这一态度。议付行贴现（1）有权向开证行、保兑行或付款行、偿付行索偿已向受益人垫付的款项。（2）议付是建立在开证行保证偿付的基础上的。（3）如果开证行倒闭或者拒付，议付行有权向受益人追索。（4）当发现单证不一致时，有权拒绝议付。付款行：终局型的，一旦付款，不能向受益人追索。只能向开证行索偿。承兑行、付款行所负的付款责任与开证行完全一致（第一性付款人）偿付行：偿付行不审查单据。可向议付行或付款行追索货款。22、Confirmed credit保兑信用证保兑行对符合条款的信用证保
10、兑。只跟随不可撤销信用证。对出口商很大的保障。23、Silent confirmation 沉默保兑指的是虽然开证行并未授权指定银行对信用证进行保兑，但指定银行加具了它的保兑的情况。这种保兑代表了保兑行和受益人之间的协议，仅对受益人和保兑行有效。24、Sight credit即期信用证指开证行或付款行收到符合信用证条款的跟单汇票或装运单据后，立即履行付款义务的信用证。 25、Time credit / Usance credit远期信用证是指开证行或其指定付款行收到远期汇票或单据后，在规定的期限内进行承兑或保证付款的信用证。26、Usance letter of credit payable
11、at sight假远期信用证：进口商开立的，要求指定银行对受益人即期承兑，计算贴现利息等费用向开证行向买方索偿，开证行在远期汇票到期后索偿。27、Transferred credit可转让信用证是指受益人可以要求受委托付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑或者议付的银行，或在自由议付信用证的情况下，银行经特别授权作为转让行，将该信用证的全部或部分转让给一个或多个受益人。28、Acceptance credit承兑信用证：开证行对于受益人开立以开证行自己为付款人或以其他银行为付款人的远期汇票，在审单无误后，应承担承兑汇票并于到期日付款责任的信用证。29、Deferred payment credit延期信
12、用证适用于进出口大型机电成套设备，为了加强竞争条件可采用延期付款、卖方中长期贷款或赊欠出口等措施。但期限较长，出口商不必提示汇票，开证银行也不承兑汇票，只是于到期日由银行付款。不需汇票，因此仅凭受益人交来单据，审核相符确定银行承担延期付款责任起，延长一段时间，及至到期日付款的信用证。30、Negotiation credit议付行议付或购买受益人在信用证项下交来的汇票/单据，只要这些汇票、单据与信用证条款相符，就将被开证行正当付款，这种信用证即为议付信用证。31、Revolving credit循环信用证指信用证被全部或部分使用后，其金额又恢复到原金额，可再次使用，直至达到规定的次数或规定的总
13、金额为止。一种规定该信用证的使用方法是带有条款和条件，使其不需修改信用证，而能够更新或复活。32、Back-to-back documentary credit背对背信用证指一个信用证的受益人以这个信用证为保证要求一家银行开立以该银行为开证行，以这个受益人为申请人的一份新的信用证。33、Reciprocal credit对开信用证是以交易双方互为开证申请人和受益人、金额大致相等的信用证。34、Red clause / Anticipatory credit 红色条款允许出口商预支部分金额，在指定日期补交单据后，扣除预支款本息后，银行付清余额。用于预支信用证所列金额的部分款项，预支部分金额条款用
14、红颜色打印字体，以示明确、醒目。30、Definition of factoring国际保理指在以商业信用出口货物时，出口商交货后把应收账款的发票和装运单据转让给保理商，即可取得应收取的大部分贷款，日后一旦发生进口商不付或逾期付款，则由保理商承担付款责任，在保理业务中，保理商承担第一付款责任。31、Definition of forfeiting福费廷指银行作为包买商从出口商那里无追索权地购买由银行承兑/承付或保付的远期汇票，而向出口商提供融资的业务。 32、Counter guarantee(反担保)refers to any guarantee or other payment under
15、taking of the instructing party given in writing for payment of money to the guarantor on presentation in conformity with the terms of the undertaking of a writing demand for payment and other documents specified in the counter guarantee.33、Counter Guarantor(反担保人) a bank or a financial institution o
16、r any other body acting as an instructing party issues a counter guarantee acting on the instruction of a principal in favor of a bank or a financial institution located in the beneficiarys country. The instructing party instructs the bank or a financial institution located in the beneficiarys count
17、ry to issue a letter of guarantee on behalf of the principal in favor of a specified party named therein.34、Accessory guarantee 丛书保函is an accessory contract by which the guarantor undertakes to answer for the debt,default or miscarriage of another person known as the principal debtor.35、Independent
18、guarantee独立保函is a principal obligation, it is a promise to pay a sum of money against presentation of the beneficiarys demand and stipulated documentation,if any.36、direct guarantee直接保函 is the client authorizes the bank to issue a guarantee directly to the beneficiary37、indirect guarantee就是申请人向担保行开立
19、保函，担保行通知转递行，转递行将保函交受益人。比直接保函多了一个转递行。38、Bid Bond/Tender Bond投标保函Bid bond is an undertaking given by a bank at the request of a tender in favor of a party inviting tenders abroad, whereby the guarantor undertakes to make payment to the beneficiary within the limit of a stated sum of money in the event
20、 of default by the principal in the obligations resulting from the submission of tender39、Performance Bond履约保函is an undertaking given by a bank to a buyer or an employer,where by the guarantor undertakes to make payment to the beneficiary within the limit of a stated sum of money in the event of def
21、ault by the supplier or the contractor in due performance of the terms of a contract between the principal and the beneficiary.40、Advance Payment Bond预付款保函is issued at the request of the exporter to the importer (the beneficiary) when the advance payment is required by the latter. The guarantee ensu
22、res the repayment of the advance by the exporter in the event of the non-performance of his contractual obligations.41、Repayment Guarantee还款信用证undertaking given by a bank at the request of a supplier of goods or services or other contractor to a buyer or an employer whereby thebank undertakes to mak
23、e payment to the beneficiary within the limit of a stated sum of money in the event of default by the principle to repay,in accordance with the terms and conditions of a contract between the principal and the beneficiary, any sum or sums advanced or paid by the beneficiary to the principal.42、Overdr
24、aft guarantee:透支保函是指的是银行为国内法人驻外机构向当地银行申请开立透支账户而开具的银行保函，以保证申请人按照透支契约的规定及时补足透支金额。43、Retention bonds保留金保函担保银行应工程承包方、供货方的申请而向业主或买方出具的、保证承包方、供货方在提前支取合同价款中的尾款部分后履行合同义务的书面文件44、Standby letter of credit备用信用证是指开证行根据开证申请人的请求对受益人开立的承诺承担某项义务的凭证。即开证行保证在开证申请人未能履行其应履行的义务时，受益人只要凭备用信用证的规定向开证行开具汇票(或不开汇票)，并提交开证申请人未履行义务的声明或证明文件，即可取得开证行的偿付。45、Leasing guarantee租赁担保担保银行应承租人的申请而向出租人出具的，保证承租人按期支付租金的书面文件。46、Loan guarantee借款保函是银行应借款人要求向贷款方开立的保证借款人到期归还贷款本息，否则由保证人进行赔付的书面担保文件。