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1、语法专项复习-宾语从句 阳泉盂县仙人中学阳泉盂县仙人中学 郭文平郭文平 Which of the following sentences are the Object Clauses?1. I will buy a bike.2. He likes meat.3. She can speak English and French.4. I can see the boys are playing football.5. Mr Smith knew his son made some mistakes.6. I think Mr Zhang is a very good teacher.7. T
2、he shop sells different kinds of food.8. We have planted hundreds of trees in the school.一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。词或短语作宾语。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）（代词作宾语）I kn
3、ow Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）句子作宾语）She asked if the answer was right. (句子作句子作宾语宾语）二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序（一）连接词（一）连接词1. that引导引导 （that 无意思，可省）无意思，可省）2. if/whether引导引导 （是否，不能省）（是否，不能省）3. 疑问词引导疑问词引导 （有意思，不能省）（有意思，不能省） who whom whose what which when why where how注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充
4、当成分，在口语当中往往省略1. I hear (that) _. （一小时一小时后他会回来）后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念他非常想念我们）我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _ （ 地球围着太阳转）地球围着太阳转）. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时时态，从句一律用一般现在时由从属连词由从属连词
5、whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1. I want to know _ _.2. Ask him _. 3. I wonder _.4. Could you tell me_? if /whether he will go to the park with us whether /if he can come whether it is going to rain or notif/ whether “是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。等后。
6、 whether/if Mr Li lives here只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前：在动词不定式前：(whether to sth)They asked me whether to go skating.3.whetheror not或或whetherorI dont know whether hes free or not.Mary
7、 asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_?3. He asked_.4. Do you know _?5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _?7. Could you tell me _? who could a
8、nswer the question whom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由疑问词由疑问词 Who,whom,whose,which,what where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句疑问词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句疑问词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。子成分，具有一定的
9、意义，不可省略。（二）语序：陈述句语序 即：主句即：主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）Do you remember _(他多大岁数他多大岁数)? 当从句的原句为以下句子以及当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作作主语时，语序不变：主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening? What happened? eg:I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?how old he is（三）时态（三）时态(时态一
10、致性）时态一致性）1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况可用任何时态。主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况可用任何时态。2.主句是一般过去时，从句可用相应的过去范围内的时态。主句是一般过去时，从句可用相应的过去范围内的时态。3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，永远用一般现在时永远用一般现在时。 I know he is a teacher. I know he was a teacher three years ago. I know he has been a teacher for 3 years I know he wil
11、l be a teacher after graduation. I knew he was a teacher I knew he had been a teacher for 3 years. I knew he would be a teacher after graduation. He told me the earth moves around the sun.确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去一般过去时时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般
12、过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时或过去完成时一般过去时或过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时两个句子合并为宾语从句两个句子合并为宾语从句两个句子如何合并为宾语从句两个句子如何合并为宾语从句1. 确定主句和宾语从句确定主句和宾语从句2. 选连接词选连接词 看宾语从句是哪种句子，如果是陈述句，连看宾语从句是哪种句子，如果是陈述句，连接词用接词用that，如果是一般疑问句，连接词用，如果是一般疑问句，连接词用if或或whether，如果是特殊疑问句，把疑问词变，如果是特殊疑问句，把疑问词变为连接词为连接
13、词3. 变人称。带引号的句子，要考虑人称的变化：变人称。带引号的句子，要考虑人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变。不带引号的句子，一随主，二随宾，三不变。不带引号的句子，不用考虑人称的变化不用考虑人称的变化4. 变时态。根据表格变变时态。根据表格变【运用运用】把下列每组句子改为含宾语从句的复合把下列每组句子改为含宾语从句的复合句，每空一词。句，每空一词。1. He said, “I have been to America”. He said _ _ _ _ to America. 2. Is there a hotel near here? Do you know?Do you know _
14、_ _a hotel near here?that he had beenif / whether there is3. What sport do you like best? Could you please tell me?Could you please tell me _ _ _ _?4. “The earth moves around the sun”, our English teacher told us.Our English teacher told us that the earth _ _ the sun.moves around what sport you like
15、 best1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light(光光) goes faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five
16、days.4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games. 6. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him _ _ _ _. 7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the pictur
17、e?that were that goesthat would beif they can speakif are playingwhat his name washow many people you can see 8. Where did she put her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10. Who knocked at the door so lo
18、udly? I dont know. I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 12. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me _ _ _ _.13. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _they _f
19、ried chicken. where she putwhat he talkedwho knockedif liveswhen the train arrives if wanted1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. H
20、e said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the murder now. (talk) will be will go were playing have returned had been travels are talking were do
21、ingExercise: fill in the blanks9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Mr Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Fen told me he _ there several times. (be)14. Our
22、 teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken had been risesdid were宾语从句专项练习宾语从句专项练习n1 .时态一致性时态一致性 ( ) 1. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. will take( ) 2.Catherine said that she
23、_ to Guangzhou. A. had never gone B. has never been C. had never been( ) 3.The students want to know whether they_ a dictation today. A. has . B. will have C. are( ) 4.She asked Linda if_ go and get some milk. A. could she B. she could C. she can ( ) 5.Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travel
24、led B. has travelled C. travellsACBBCn2.连接词角度连接词角度 ( ) 1.Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when ( ) 2.I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when ( ) 3.I hardly understand_ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which ( ) 4.She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether
25、he would be B. if would he be C. he will be( ) 5.I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what( ) 6.Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B. when C. why ( ) 7.He asked me _told me the accident. A. whom B. which C. who CBBAAACn3.陈述句语序角度陈述句语序角度 (
26、 ) 1.Please tell me _ last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C. where your sister worked( ) 2.She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen was it( ) 3. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what ( ) 4 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for ( ) 5. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave BeijingCBAAC